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1 находиться под действием
•If the metal is exposed to a magnetic field,...
•When such a structure is subjected to an external force,...
Русско-английский научно-технический словарь переводчика > находиться под действием
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2 пример
example, instance, model• Безусловно, это пример (чего-л). - This is, of course, an example of...• Более интригующим примером является... - A more intriguing example is...• Более сложный пример доставляется (из рассмотрения и т. п.)... - A more complex example is afforded by...• Будет полезен другой пример. - Another example will be helpful.• Было бы легко привести значительно больше примеров... - It would be easy to give many more examples of...• В [2] приводятся несколько примеров. - Several examples are given in [2].• В данном параграфе мы обсуждаем некоторые простые свойства и примеры (чего-л). - In this section we discuss some simple properties and examples of...• В каждом из этих примеров рассматривается... - Each of these examples is concerned with...• В качестве другого примера мы можем проверить... - As a further example we may examine...• В качестве последнего примера в этой главе рассмотрим... - As a final example in this chapter we consider...• В качестве последнего примера мы возьмем... - As a last example, we take...• В качестве практически важного примера рассмотрим... - As an example of practical importance we consider...• В качестве примера описанного выше метода мы показываем, что... - As an example of the method described above we show that...• В качестве примера рассмотрим теперь... - By way of example, let us now consider...• В качестве слегка более сложного примера мы докажем, что... - As a slightly harder example we prove that...• В качестве специального примера предположим... - As a specific illustration, suppose that...• В качестве тривиального примера рассмотрим... - As a trivial example of this, consider...• В качестве частного примера рассмотрим следующий. - As a particular example take the following.• В нескольких следующих примерах мы будем предполагать для удобства, что... - In the next few examples we will assume for convenience that...• В следующем параграфе мы обсудим примеры... - In the next section we discuss examples of...• В следующем примере мы используем этот метод, чтобы определить... - In the following examples we use this method to determine...• В этих примерах получается, что... - In these examples it happens that...• В этом примере мы имеем дело с... - In this example we work with...• Важно отметить, что этот пример указывает на(что-л)... - It is important to note from this example that...• Возможно, основной урок, который мы извлекаем из этих трех примеров, состоит в том, что... - Probably the main lesson to be gained from these three examples is that...• Вышесказанное является хорошим примером... - The foregoing is a good example of...• Главной характерной чертой предыдущего примера является... - A central feature of the previous example is...• Давайте рассмотрим этот вопрос, используя специальные примеры. - Let us approach this question by means of specific examples.• Данные примеры должны прояснить... - These examples should make it clear that...• Данный пример имеет некоторый интерес в связи с... - This example is of some interest in connection with...• Данный пример является типичным во многих (случаях и т. п.)... - This example is typical of many...• Данный процесс может быть проиллюстрирован несколькими примерами. - The process may be illustrated by a few examples.• Действительный смысл этого примера состоит в том, что... - The real point of this illustration is that...• Другие примеры... упоминаются во втором параграфе. - Other examples of... are mentioned in Section 2.• Другой важный пример этого принципа встречается, когда... - Another important example of this principle occurs when...• Другой пример мог бы быть взят из... - Another example might be taken from...• Еще более удивительным является обнаруженный/предложенный Смитом пример [11], который показывает, что... - Even more startling is an example due to Smith [11], which shows that...• Заключение, вытекающее из следующих двух примеров, состоит в том, что... - The conclusion to be drawn from these two examples is that...• Здесь мы описываем некоторые ранние примеры... - Here we describe some early examples of...• Здесь мы приводим другой пример (чего-л). - We give here another example of...(чем-л/где-л)... - Familiar examples are provided by...• Из этого частного примера мы можем заключить, что... - We may infer from this particular example that...• Имеется много других примеров, иллюстрирующих основную идею (чего-л). - There are many other examples which illustrate the basic idea of...• История изобилует примерами (чего-л)... - The history of... provides many examples of cases where...; The history of... abounds in cases where...• К примеру, давайте рассмотрим взаимодействие... - Let us, for example, consider the interaction of...• К примеру, можно было бы предположить, что... - It might, for example, be conjectured that...• К примеру, оценивается, что... - It is estimated, for example, that...• К примеру, предположим, что... - For instance, suppose that...• К примеру, это особенно верно в случае... - This is particularly so, for example, in the case of...• Как показывает следующий пример, это не обязательно выполнено. - This is not necessarily the case, as the following example illustrates.• Легко понятный, но все еще не слишком тривиальный пример - это... - An easily understood, yet not too trivial, example is that of...• Менее тривиальным примером является... - A less trivial example is...• Мы заключаем (наше изложение и т. п.) примером, иллюстрирующим... - We conclude by giving an example to illustrate...• Мы заключаем этот пример замечанием, что... - We conclude this example with the observation that...• Мы могли бы, к примеру, решить, что... - We might, for example, decide that...• Мы можем показать это на простом примере. - We can demonstrate this with a simple example.• Мы начинаем с рассмотрения трех конкретных примеров. - We begin by looking at three concrete examples.• Мы увидим, что это пример (чего-л). - We shall see that this is an example of...• Наиболее значимые примеры должны быть найдены (в)... - The most conspicuous examples are to be found in...• Наиболее значимой чертой этого примера является то, что... - The most significant feature of this example is that...• Наиболее известными примерами являются... - The most familiar examples are...• Наш простой пример показывает, что... - Our simple example demonstrates that...• Более сложный пример предоставляется... - A more difficult example is provided by...• Несколько решенных примеров представлены в следующем параграфе. - Several worked out examples are presented in the next section.• Ниже приводится пример, который иллюстрирует... - An example is used below to illustrate...• Нижеследующее является хорошим примером (чего-л). - The following is a good example of...• Нижеследующий пример показывает, что... - The following example shows that...• Объяснить это наилучшим образом можно с помощью примеров. - This is best made clear by means of examples.• Один из наиболее впечатляющих примеров это... - One of the most striking examples is...• Одна интересная вариация последнего примера вытекает из... - An interesting variation on the last example is provided by...• Однако имеет смысл проиллюстрировать данную технику следующим примером. - It is, however, worthwhile to illustrate the technique by the following example.• Однако, как указывает Смит [1], безусловно существуют примеры... - But, as Smith [1] points out, there are certainly examples of...• Перед тем, как продолжить давать примеры, мы приведем важное замечание, что... - Before proceeding to give examples, we make the important observation that...• Поучительно решить этот пример, используя... - It is instructive to solve this example by means of...• Предыдущие примеры иллюстрируют общий факт, что... - The preceding examples illustrate the general fact that...• Предыдущий пример демонстрирует, что много проще... - The above problems show that it is much easier to...• Прежде чем представить больше примеров, давайте... - Before presenting more examples, let us...• Приведем пример, как это происходит. - Let us see how that works in an example.• Приведем теперь пример, в котором... - We now give an example in which...• Приведенный выше пример 2 показывает, что... - Example 2 above shows that...• Пример 3 иллюстрирует основной принцип, что... - Example 3 illustrates the general principle that...• Пример должен разъяснить это. - An example should make this clear.• Пример его использования уже приведен в главе 2. - An example of its use has already been given in Chapter 2.• Пример послужит для демонстрации выполнения этого вычисления. - An example will serve to show how the calculation is carried out.• Пример такой структуры можно встретить (в)... - An example of such a structure occurs in...• Примеры будут найдены в стандартных описаниях... - Examples will be found in standard accounts of...• Проиллюстрируем это с помощью численного примера. - A numerical example will illustrate this.• Простейший пример (для) этого дается... - The simplest example of this is given by...• Простейший пример предоставляется (чем-л). - The simplest example is afforded by...; The simplest example is furnished by...• Простейший пример такой ситуации дается специальным случаем... - The simplest example of such a situation is the special case of...• Простейшим примером подобной операции является... - The simplest example of such an operation is...• Рассмотрим численный пример. - Let us take a numerical example.• Руководствуясь более ранним примером, полученным нами, мы... - Guided by our earlier example, we...• С помощью этого примера становится очевидно, что... - On the basis of this example, it is evident that...• Сейчас мы построим некоторые примеры, чтобы проиллюстрировать... - We now work out some examples to illustrate...• Следующая серия примеров (= иллюстраций) показывает... - The following series of illustrations shows...• Следующий пример дает иллюстрацию этой техники. - The following example illustrates the technique.• Следующий пример демонстрирует этот тип решения. - The next example demonstrates this type of solution.• Следующий пример может помочь объяснению этого момента (= пункта). - The following example may help to clarify this point.• Следующий пример может сделать это утверждение яснее. - The following example may make this point clearer.• Следующий пример показывает недостаток этой схемы. - A shortcoming of this scheme is shown by the following example.• Следующий пример предоставляет введение (в)... - The following example provides an introduction to...• Смит [1] приводит убедительный пример существования... - Smith [l] makes a persuasive case for the existence of...• Сначала рассмотрим (один) пример. - First we consider an example.• Совершенно другого типа пример предоставляется (чем-л). - An example of an entirely different kind is provided by...• Существует много примеров... - There are many examples of...• Таким образом, мы пришли к первому примеру (чего-л). - Thus we arrive at our first instance of...• Теперь мы возвращаемся к примеру, рассмотренному во втором параграфе. - We now return to the example treated in Section 2.• Теперь мы обратимся к некоторым примерам... - We now turn to some examples of...• Теперь приведем несколько конкретных примеров. - A few concrete examples are in order.• Только что приведенный пример является специальным случаем... - The example just given is a special case of...• Следующие три примера иллюстрируют эту возможность. - The next three examples illustrate this possibility• У нас есть здесь другой пример... - We have here another example of...• Часто упоминаемым простым примером является случай... - A simple example, often quoted, is the case of...• Численный пример проиллюстрирует относительную важность... - A numerical example will illustrate the relative importance of...• Читатель должен тщательно изучить этот пример. - The reader should study this example carefully.• Чтобы..., мы ограничимся лишь простым примером. - We restrict ourselves to a simple example in order to...• Чтобы привести еще более простой пример, мы можем рассмотреть... - То take an even simpler example, we can consider...• Чтобы проиллюстрировать это наиболее простым примером, предположим, что... - То take the simplest possible illustration, suppose that...• Эта техника иллюстрируется следующим примером. - The technique is illustrated in the next example.• Эта точка зрения будет объяснена примерами при изучении метода... - This point will be clarified by examples when we study the method of...• Эти два примера иллюстрируют некоторые из проблем... - These two examples illustrate some of the problems of...• Эти и другие примеры показывают, что... - These and many other examples show that...• Эти примеры предназначены в качестве (некоторого) руководства для... - These examples are intended as a guide for...• Эти примеры типичные, но не исчерпывающие. - These examples are typical but not exhaustive.• Эти соотношения можно было бы приложить, к примеру, к... - These expressions may be applied, for example, to... ,• Это было достаточно хорошо проиллюстрировано предыдущими примерами. - This has been sufficiently illustrated in the preceding examples.• Это другой пример (чего-л). - This is another example of...• Это еще один пример... - This is a further example of...• Это можно лучше всего понять, используя специальный пример. - This is best understood through a specific example.• Это пример того, что называется... - This is an example of what is called...• Это хороший пример (чего-л). - This is a good example of...• Этот метод лучше всего иллюстрируется примером. - The procedure is best illustrated by an example.• Этот очень простой пример типичен для... - This very simple example is typical of...• Этот пример демонстрирует один способ... - This example demonstrates one way of...• Этот пример иллюстрирует общий факт, что... - This example illustrates the general fact that...• Этот пример интересен в связи с... - This example is of interest in connection with...• Этот пример показывает, что может быть необходимым... - This example shows that it may be necessary to...• Этот пример представляет лишь академический интерес. - This example is of academic interest only.• Этот случай дает прекрасный пример (чего-л). - This case provides an excellent example of... -
3 departmentalization
Gen Mgtthe division of an organization into sections. Departmentalization is usually based on operating function, and organizations will commonly have departments for, for example, finance, personnel, or marketing. Such organizational structure is typical of a bureaucracy. It may be used in centralization, when a particular activity is undertaken by one department in one location on behalf of the whole organization, but may equally be a feature of a decentralized organization, in which departments are used as individual operating units responsible for their own management. -
4 ver
v.1 to perceive.Veo a tu hermana muy cansado I see your sister very tired.2 to have eyesight.Mis ojos ven bien My eyes see fine.3 to understand.4 to be witness of, to witness.5 to see, to look at, sight, to view.¿ves algo? can you see anything?he estado viendo tu trabajo I've been looking at your workya veo que estás de mal humor I can see you're in a bad mood¿ves lo que quiero decir? do you see what I mean?ir a ver lo que pasa to go and see what's going ones una manera de ver las cosas that's one way of looking at ityo no lo veo tan mal I don't think it's that badEllos ven los cuadros They see the pictures.Ellas ven los cuadros They see the pictures.María ve la gravedad del asunto Mary sees the seriousness of the situation.Mis ojos ven bien My eyes see fine.Veo a tu hermano muy cansado I see your brother very tired.* * *Present IndicativePast IndicativeImperfect SubjunctiveFuture SubjunctiveImperativeve (tú), vea (él/Vd.), veamos (nos.), ved (vos.), vean (ellos/Vds.).Past Participlevisto,-a.* * *verb1) to see2) understand3) examine4) visit5) witness* * *Para las expresiones ver visiones, no ver tres en un burro, ver el sustantivo.1. VERBO TRANSITIVO1) (=percibir)a) [+ persona, objeto] to seeme acuerdo como si lo estuviera viendo — I remember it as if I were seeing it now, I remember it as if it were yesterday
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¡hubieran visto qué casa! — (Méx) you should have seen the house!
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dejarse ver, este año Pedro no se ha dejado ver por aquí — we haven't seen much of Pedro this yearsi te he visto no me acuerdo —
le pedí que me ayudara, pero si te he visto no me acuerdo — I asked him to help me but he (just) didn't want to know
ver algn/algo venir —
-¿que ha dimitido? -eso ya lo veía venir — "he's resigned?" - "well, you could see it coming"
ya te veo venir, ¿a que quieres que te preste el coche? — I know what you're after, you want to borrow the car, don't you?
b) [+ gerund]c) [+ infin]d) [+ adj]2) (=mirar) [+ televisión, programa, partido] to watchanoche vi una película en la tele — I saw o watched a film on TV last night
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es (digno) de ver — it's worth seeingno poder (ni) ver a algn —
3) (en saludos)¡cuánto tiempo sin verte! — I haven't seen you for ages!
¡hasta más ver! — see you again!
4) (=visitar) to seetendré que ir a ver al abogado — I shall have to go to o and see my solicitor
5) (=imaginar) to see, imaginelo estoy viendo de almirante — I can just see o imagine him as an admiral
6) (=vivir) to live throughy usted que lo vea, y tú que lo veas —
-¡a celebrarlo con salud el año próximo! - ¡y usted que lo vea! — "many happy returns!" - "thank you!"
7) (=examinar) to look at8) (=comprobar) to see•
¡verás como al final te caerás! — you'll fall, you just wait and see!ya verás como al final tengo que hacerlo yo — I'll end up doing it myself, you'll see
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habrá que ver, habrá que ver lo que les habrá contado — we'll have to see what he's told them•
voy a ver si está en su despacho — I'll see if he's in his office9) (=notar) to see-¿ves que no son iguales? -pues, no lo veo — "can't you see they're not the same?" - "no, I can't"
-gana más de cien mil al mes -¡ya ves! — "she earns more than 100,000 a month" - "well, there you go!"
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dejarse ver, los efectos de la crisis se dejaron ver meses después — the effects of the crisis were felt months later•
echar de ver algo — to notice sth•
por lo que veo — from what I can see10) (=entender) to see¿no ves que...? — don't o can't you see that...?
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hacer ver algo a algn — to point sth out to sb11) (=encontrar) to see12) (Jur) [+ pleito] to hear, try13) tener que ver-es demasiado pequeño -¿y eso qué tiene que ver? — "it's too small" - "what's that got to do with it?"
esto tiene que ver con lo que estudiamos ayer — this has to do with what we were looking at yesterday
14) a vera ver niños, ¿cuál es la capital de Francia? — now, children, what is the capital of France?
-mira, tú sales en la foto -¿a ver? — "look, you're in the photo" - "let's have a look" o"let's see"
a ver ese niño, que no se quede solo — don't leave that child on his own
a ver qué dicen las noticias sobre el robo — let's see if there's anything about the robbery on the news
-estás estudiando mucho -¡a ver, no queda más remedio! — "you're doing a lot of studying" - "well, I haven't got much choice!"
¡a ver, cállate ya! — shut up, will you!
¿a ver? — (And) (Telec) hello?
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a ver si..., a ver si acabas pronto — see if you can finish this off quickly¡a ver si te crees que no lo sé! — surely you don't think I don't know about it!
2. VERBO INTRANSITIVO1) (=percibir) to see•
eso está por ver — that remains to be seenque no veo * —
que no veas * —
ver y callar —
no digas nada, tú solo ver y callar — you'd better keep your mouth shut about this
2) (=comprobar) to seesegún voy viendo... — as I am beginning to see...
-¿quién ha venido? -no sé, voy a ver — "who is it?" -"I don't know, I'll go and see"
- al final siempre me toca hacerlo a mi -ya veo — "in the end it's always me that has to do it" - "so I see"
3) (=entender) to see¿ves?, así es mucho más fácil — you see? it's much easier like this
a mi modo de ver — as I see it, the way I see it
¿viste? — ( Cono Sur) right?, are you with me?
4)• ver de hacer algo — to see about doing sth, try to do sth
tenemos que ver de solucionar este problema — we must try to o and find a solution to this problem
veremos de salir temprano — we'll see if we can leave early, we'll try to o and leave early
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¡hay que ver!, ¡hay que ver lo que te pareces a tu madre! — gosh! how like your mother you are o look!¡hay que ver lo que ha cambiado la ciudad! — it's incredible o you wouldn't believe how much the town has changed!
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¡ para que veas!, ha aprobado todas las asignaturas, ¡para que veas! — she passed all her exams, how about that!no solo no perdí, sino que arrasé, ¡para que veas! — not only did I not lose, but I won by a mile, so there!
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eso está o queda en veremos — it's not certain yet
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vamos a ver — let's see..., let me see...-¿esto tiene arreglo? -no sé, vamos a ver — "can this be repaired?" - "I don't know, let's see o let me see"
¿por qué no me llamaste, vamos a ver? — why didn't you call me, I'd like to know?
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ya veremos — we'll see-¿podré ir a la fiesta? -ya veremos — "can I go to the party?" - "we'll see"
3.See:* * *I1) ( aspecto)de buen ver — good-looking, attractive
2) ( opinión)II 1.a mi/su ver — in my/his view
verbo transitivo1)a) ( percibir con la vista) to see¿ves algo? — can you see anything?
es como si lo estuviera viendo — it's as if I were seeing him/it now
ver algo/a alguien + inf — to see something/somebody + inf
si te he visto no me acuerdo — (fam) he/she doesn't/didn't want to know
ver venir algo — to see something coming
b) ( mirar) <programa/partido> to watchno poder (ni) ver a alguien: no puede ni verla or no la puede ver — he can't stand her
c) ( imaginar) to see, picture2) (entender, notar) to see¿no ves lo que está pasando? — don't o can't you see what's happening?
se la ve feliz/preocupada — she looks happy/worried
hacerse ver — (RPl) to show off
echar de ver — (Esp) to realize
3)a) (constatar, comprobar) to seeno me olvidé para que veas! — I didn't forget, see?
le gané para que veas! — I beat him, so there!
b) ( ser testigo de) to seees tan bonita, si vieras... — she's so pretty, you should see her
vieras or hubieras visto cómo se asustaron...! — (AmL) you should have seen the fright they got!
ya ves, aquí me tienes — well, here I am
hay que ver lo que ha crecido! — wow o gosh! hasn't he grown!
que no veas — (Esp fam)
que no veo — (AmL fam)
tengo un hambre que no veo — (fam) I'm absolutely starving (colloq)
tengo un sueño que no veo — I'm so tired I can hardly keep my eyes open
4)a ver: (vamos) a ver ¿de qué se trata? OK o all right, now, what's the problem?; aquí está en el periódico - ¿a ver? it's here in the newspaper - let's see; ¿a ver qué tienes ahí? let me see what you've got there; apriétalo a ver qué pasa press it and let's see what happens; a ver si me entienden ( justificando) don't get me wrong; ( explicando) let me make myself clear; a ver si estudias más I'd think about studying harder; a ver si escribes pronto make sure you write soon; cállate, a ver si alguien te oye! shut up, somebody might hear you; a ver cuándo vienes a visitarnos — come and see us soon
5)a) ( estudiar)¿la ha visto un médico? — has she been seen by a doctor yet?
se hizo ver por un especialista — (AmS) she saw a specialist
c) (Der) < causa> to try, hear6)a) (juzgar, considerar)a mi modo or manera de ver — the way I see it
b) ( encontrar) to see7) (visitar, entrevistarse con) <amigo/pariente> to see, visit; <médico/jefe> to seecuánto tiempo sin verte! — I haven't seen you for ages!, long time, no see (colloq)
8)2.tener... que ver: ¿y eso qué tiene que ver? and what does that have to do with it?; no tengo nada que ver con él I have nothing to do with him; ¿tuviste algo que ver en esto? did you have anything to do with this?; ¿qué tiene que ver que sea sábado? what difference does it make that it's Saturday?; ¿tendrán algo que ver con los Zamora? — are they related in any way to the Zamoras?
ver vi1) ( percibir con la vista) to seeenciende la luz que no veo — turn on the light, I can't see
no veo bien de lejos/de cerca — I'm shortsighted/longsighted
2) ( constatar)¿hay cerveza? - no sé, voy a ver — is there any beer? - I don't know, I'll have a look
¿está Juan? - voy a ver — is Juan in? - I'll go and see
verás, no quería decírtelo, pero... — look, I didn't want to tell you, but...
pues verás, todo empezó cuando... — well you see, the whole thing began when...
3) ( pensar) to see¿vas a decir que sí? - ya veré — are you going to accept? - I'll see
estar/seguir en veremos — (AmL fam)
3.seguimos en veremos — we still don't know anything
verse v pron1) (refl)a) ( percibirse) to see oneselfb) ( imaginarse) to see oneself2)a) ( hallarse) (+ compl) to find oneselfvérselas venir — (fam)
me las veía venir — I could see it coming
b) (frml) ( ser)este problema se ha visto agravado por... — this problem has been made worse by...
3) ( dejar ver) (+ me/te/le etc)4) (esp AmL) ( parecer)5) (recípr) ( encontrarse) to meet; ( visitarse) to see each othernos vemos a las siete — I'll meet o see you at seven
nos vemos! — (esp AmL) see you!
vérselas con alguien: tendrá que vérselas conmigo — he'll have me to deal with
* * *= descry, discern, see, spot, view, view, witness, check out, make out, look down over, look down on/upon, catch + sight of.Ex. He looked up and descried a gym class, all wet and draggled, scurrying back across the sodden football field.Ex. Such variations also make it difficult for a cataloguer inserting a new heading for local use to discern the principles which should be heeded in the construction of such a heading.Ex. Where the conference cannot be seen to have a name, then the work will normally be treated as a collection.Ex. When all necessary amendments have been spotted, edit the draft abstract and make any improvements to the style that are possible.Ex. Thus it is possible in an author sequence to view easily the works of one author.Ex. Many librarians viewed AACR1 as such a significant improvement upon its predecessors, that they were content.Ex. We sometimes only have to speak a word to witness a reaction in other people that should logically follow only if the object itself were present.Ex. Where problems do arise it is sensible to check out the training programme before blaming the assistant for poor performance of duties.Ex. She could just make out that he was standing against the wall near the door, ready to jump anyone who came out the door.Ex. There was one ram that was content to stay up in the cliffs and look down over his domain.Ex. The characters stand inside a mysterious domed structure looking down on the Earth watching the 19th century take shape.Ex. 'Good grief!', he cried, catching sight of the clock.----* acercarse sin ser visto = sidle up to.* alcanzar a ver = glimpse.* algo digno de ver = a sight to behold.* al ver = at the sight of.* a mi modo de ver = in my books.* de buen ver = good looking.* dejar de ver = become + blind to.* dejarse ver = have + visibility.* dichosos los ojos que te ven = a sight for sore eyes.* donde fueres haz lo que vieres = when in Rome (do as the Romans do).* el ver televisión = television viewing.* estar mal visto = frown on/upon.* estar por ver = be an open question.* forma de ver las cosas = way of putting things together, bent of mind.* hacerse ver = gain + exposure.* hacer ver = alert to, bring to + Posesivo + attention, bring to + the attention, call + attention to, awaken, bring + home, open + Posesivo + eyes to, bring + attention to, bring to + Posesivo + notice, get across.* hacer ver claramente = hammer + home + message, show + clearly.* ir a ver = drop in on, check out.* ir a ver a Alguien = say + hi.* la forma de ver las cosas = the way + to see things.* los árboles no dejan ver el bosque = cannot see the forest for the trees.* manera de ver las cosas = line of thought.* no aguantar ver Algo o Alguien = can't stand + sight.* no poder ver a Alguien = have + it in for + Nombre.* no poder ver Algo o Alguien = can't stand + sight.* no querer tener nada que ver Algo = would not touch + Nombre + with a barge pole.* no querer tener nada que ver con = want + nothing to do with.* no tener nada que ver con = be irrelevant to.* no ver = be blind to.* no ver con buenos ojos = not take + kindly to.* no verse afectado = be none the worse for wear, be none the worse for (that).* no verse comprometido por = be uncompromised by.* no verse en peligro = be uncompromised by.* ojos que no ven corazón que no siente = ignorance is bliss.* ojos que no ven corazón que no siente = out of sight out of mind.* quedar por ver = be an open question, remain + to be seen.* referencia "véase" = see reference.* referencia "véase además" = see also reference.* salir sin ser visto = slip out, steal away.* según lo ve + Nombre = as seen through the eyes of + Nombre.* ser algo por ver = be an open question.* sin ser visto = undetected, unobserved.* tener algo que ver con = have + something to do with.* tener mucho que ver con = have + a great deal to do with.* tener poco que ver = have + little to do.* tener que ver con = be concerned with, concern, relate to, hold + a stake in, have + a stake in, be a question of.* una cosa no + tener + nada que ver con la otra = one thing + have + nothing to do with the other.* una vista digna de ver = a sight to behold.* un espectáculo digno de ver = a sight to behold.* véase = see under, SU, refer-to, qv (quod vide -latín).* véase además = see also.* véase como ejemplo = witness.* véase desde = see from, refer-from.* véase + Nombre + para más información = refer to + Nombre + for details.* Veo, Veo = I Spy.* ver Algo a través de los ojos de Alguien = look at + Nombre + through + Posesivo + eyes.* ver Algo con humor = a funny eye for.* ver Algo desde el punto de vista + Adjetivo = view + Nombre + through + Adjetivo + eyes.* ver Algo desde una nueva perspectiva = view + Nombre + in a new light, see + Nombre + in a new light.* ver Algo desde una perspectiva + Adjetivo = see + Nombre + in a + Adjetivo + light.* ver Algo venir = the (hand)writing + be + on the wall, see it + coming.* ver a través de = see through, see through.* ver bien = welcome.* ver con los mismos ojos = see + eye to eye (with/on).* ver con los prismáticos = glass.* ver con recelo = have + reservations (about).* ver con un ojo crítico = view with + a critical eye.* ver de antemano = preview.* ver desde una nueva perspectiva = shed + new light on.* ver desventajas = see + drawbacks.* ver de un vistazo = see + at a glance.* ver doble = see + double.* ver el motivo de Algo = glean + the reason for.* ver el mundo desde una perspectiva diferente = see + the world in a different light.* ver el porqué = see + the point.* ver el propósito = see + the point.* ver el sentido = see + the point.* ver en pantalla = scroll.* ver faltas en = see + faults in.* ver grabación en vídeo = video playback.* ver inconvenientes = see + drawbacks.* ver la finalidad = see + the point.* ver la luz = see + the light.* ver la luz al final del túnel = see + the light at the end of the tunnel.* ver la luz del día = see + the light of day.* ver la muerte de cerca = have + brushes with death.* ver la oportunidad = see + a chance.* ver la posibilidad = see + the possibility.* ver las cosas de diferente manera = see + things differently.* ver las cosas de diferente modo = see + things differently.* ver las cosas desde una perspectiva = see + things from + perspective.* ver las cosas de una manera diferente = see + things differently.* ver las cosas de un modo diferente = see + things differently.* ver las cosas en su conjunto = see + things as a whole.* ver las cosas en su totalidad = see + things as a whole.* ver las cosas positivas = look on + the bright side.* ver las cosas positivas de la vida = look on + the bright side of life.* ver las estrellas = see + stars.* ver la tele = watch + the telly.* ver la utilidad = see + the point.* verle las orejas al lobo = the (hand)writing + be + on the wall, see it + coming.* ver lo que Alguien realmente piensa = see into + Posesivo + heart.* ver lo que + avecinarse = the (hand)writing + be + on the wall, see it + coming.* ver lo que pasa = take it from there/here.* ver mundo = see + life, see + the world.* ver + Nombre + con nuevos ojos = view + Nombre + through fresh eyes.* ver + Nombre + desde la perspectiva de + Nombre = see + Nombre + through + Nombre + eyes.* verse en la necesidad = be constrained to.* verse en la necesidad de = be left with the need to.* verse en la necesidad urgente de = be hard pressed.* verse en la situación = find + Reflexivo + in the position.* verse en medio de = caught in the middle.* verse envuelto en = become + involved in, get + involved with/in.* verse frustrado = become + frustrated.* vérselas canutas = have + a devil of a time.* vérselas con = contend with.* vérselas negras = jump through + hoops, have + Posesivo + work cut out for + Pronombre, have + Posesivo + job cut out for + Pronombre, have + a devil of a time.* vérsele a Alguien el plumero = give + Reflexivo + away.* verse muy afectado por = have + a high stake in.* verse negro = have + Posesivo + work cut out for + Pronombre, have + Posesivo + job cut out for + Pronombre.* verse obligado a no + Infinitivo = be enjoined from + Gerundio.* verse superado sólo por = be second only to.* verse venir = be on the cards.* ver televisión = watch + television.* ver un fantasma = see + a ghost.* ver ventajas = see + advantages.* vistas desde fuera = outwardly.* visto desde la perspectiva de + Nombre = as seen through the eyes of + Nombre.* * *I1) ( aspecto)de buen ver — good-looking, attractive
2) ( opinión)II 1.a mi/su ver — in my/his view
verbo transitivo1)a) ( percibir con la vista) to see¿ves algo? — can you see anything?
es como si lo estuviera viendo — it's as if I were seeing him/it now
ver algo/a alguien + inf — to see something/somebody + inf
si te he visto no me acuerdo — (fam) he/she doesn't/didn't want to know
ver venir algo — to see something coming
b) ( mirar) <programa/partido> to watchno poder (ni) ver a alguien: no puede ni verla or no la puede ver — he can't stand her
c) ( imaginar) to see, picture2) (entender, notar) to see¿no ves lo que está pasando? — don't o can't you see what's happening?
se la ve feliz/preocupada — she looks happy/worried
hacerse ver — (RPl) to show off
echar de ver — (Esp) to realize
3)a) (constatar, comprobar) to seeno me olvidé para que veas! — I didn't forget, see?
le gané para que veas! — I beat him, so there!
b) ( ser testigo de) to seees tan bonita, si vieras... — she's so pretty, you should see her
vieras or hubieras visto cómo se asustaron...! — (AmL) you should have seen the fright they got!
ya ves, aquí me tienes — well, here I am
hay que ver lo que ha crecido! — wow o gosh! hasn't he grown!
que no veas — (Esp fam)
que no veo — (AmL fam)
tengo un hambre que no veo — (fam) I'm absolutely starving (colloq)
tengo un sueño que no veo — I'm so tired I can hardly keep my eyes open
4)a ver: (vamos) a ver ¿de qué se trata? OK o all right, now, what's the problem?; aquí está en el periódico - ¿a ver? it's here in the newspaper - let's see; ¿a ver qué tienes ahí? let me see what you've got there; apriétalo a ver qué pasa press it and let's see what happens; a ver si me entienden ( justificando) don't get me wrong; ( explicando) let me make myself clear; a ver si estudias más I'd think about studying harder; a ver si escribes pronto make sure you write soon; cállate, a ver si alguien te oye! shut up, somebody might hear you; a ver cuándo vienes a visitarnos — come and see us soon
5)a) ( estudiar)¿la ha visto un médico? — has she been seen by a doctor yet?
se hizo ver por un especialista — (AmS) she saw a specialist
c) (Der) < causa> to try, hear6)a) (juzgar, considerar)a mi modo or manera de ver — the way I see it
b) ( encontrar) to see7) (visitar, entrevistarse con) <amigo/pariente> to see, visit; <médico/jefe> to seecuánto tiempo sin verte! — I haven't seen you for ages!, long time, no see (colloq)
8)2.tener... que ver: ¿y eso qué tiene que ver? and what does that have to do with it?; no tengo nada que ver con él I have nothing to do with him; ¿tuviste algo que ver en esto? did you have anything to do with this?; ¿qué tiene que ver que sea sábado? what difference does it make that it's Saturday?; ¿tendrán algo que ver con los Zamora? — are they related in any way to the Zamoras?
ver vi1) ( percibir con la vista) to seeenciende la luz que no veo — turn on the light, I can't see
no veo bien de lejos/de cerca — I'm shortsighted/longsighted
2) ( constatar)¿hay cerveza? - no sé, voy a ver — is there any beer? - I don't know, I'll have a look
¿está Juan? - voy a ver — is Juan in? - I'll go and see
verás, no quería decírtelo, pero... — look, I didn't want to tell you, but...
pues verás, todo empezó cuando... — well you see, the whole thing began when...
3) ( pensar) to see¿vas a decir que sí? - ya veré — are you going to accept? - I'll see
estar/seguir en veremos — (AmL fam)
3.seguimos en veremos — we still don't know anything
verse v pron1) (refl)a) ( percibirse) to see oneselfb) ( imaginarse) to see oneself2)a) ( hallarse) (+ compl) to find oneselfvérselas venir — (fam)
me las veía venir — I could see it coming
b) (frml) ( ser)este problema se ha visto agravado por... — this problem has been made worse by...
3) ( dejar ver) (+ me/te/le etc)4) (esp AmL) ( parecer)5) (recípr) ( encontrarse) to meet; ( visitarse) to see each othernos vemos a las siete — I'll meet o see you at seven
nos vemos! — (esp AmL) see you!
vérselas con alguien: tendrá que vérselas conmigo — he'll have me to deal with
* * *= descry, discern, see, spot, view, view, witness, check out, make out, look down over, look down on/upon, catch + sight of.Ex: He looked up and descried a gym class, all wet and draggled, scurrying back across the sodden football field.
Ex: Such variations also make it difficult for a cataloguer inserting a new heading for local use to discern the principles which should be heeded in the construction of such a heading.Ex: Where the conference cannot be seen to have a name, then the work will normally be treated as a collection.Ex: When all necessary amendments have been spotted, edit the draft abstract and make any improvements to the style that are possible.Ex: Thus it is possible in an author sequence to view easily the works of one author.Ex: Many librarians viewed AACR1 as such a significant improvement upon its predecessors, that they were content.Ex: We sometimes only have to speak a word to witness a reaction in other people that should logically follow only if the object itself were present.Ex: Where problems do arise it is sensible to check out the training programme before blaming the assistant for poor performance of duties.Ex: She could just make out that he was standing against the wall near the door, ready to jump anyone who came out the door.Ex: There was one ram that was content to stay up in the cliffs and look down over his domain.Ex: The characters stand inside a mysterious domed structure looking down on the Earth watching the 19th century take shape.Ex: 'Good grief!', he cried, catching sight of the clock.* acercarse sin ser visto = sidle up to.* alcanzar a ver = glimpse.* algo digno de ver = a sight to behold.* al ver = at the sight of.* a mi modo de ver = in my books.* de buen ver = good looking.* dejar de ver = become + blind to.* dejarse ver = have + visibility.* dichosos los ojos que te ven = a sight for sore eyes.* donde fueres haz lo que vieres = when in Rome (do as the Romans do).* el ver televisión = television viewing.* estar mal visto = frown on/upon.* estar por ver = be an open question.* forma de ver las cosas = way of putting things together, bent of mind.* hacerse ver = gain + exposure.* hacer ver = alert to, bring to + Posesivo + attention, bring to + the attention, call + attention to, awaken, bring + home, open + Posesivo + eyes to, bring + attention to, bring to + Posesivo + notice, get across.* hacer ver claramente = hammer + home + message, show + clearly.* ir a ver = drop in on, check out.* ir a ver a Alguien = say + hi.* la forma de ver las cosas = the way + to see things.* los árboles no dejan ver el bosque = cannot see the forest for the trees.* manera de ver las cosas = line of thought.* no aguantar ver Algo o Alguien = can't stand + sight.* no poder ver a Alguien = have + it in for + Nombre.* no poder ver Algo o Alguien = can't stand + sight.* no querer tener nada que ver Algo = would not touch + Nombre + with a barge pole.* no querer tener nada que ver con = want + nothing to do with.* no tener nada que ver con = be irrelevant to.* no ver = be blind to.* no ver con buenos ojos = not take + kindly to.* no verse afectado = be none the worse for wear, be none the worse for (that).* no verse comprometido por = be uncompromised by.* no verse en peligro = be uncompromised by.* ojos que no ven corazón que no siente = ignorance is bliss.* ojos que no ven corazón que no siente = out of sight out of mind.* quedar por ver = be an open question, remain + to be seen.* referencia "véase" = see reference.* referencia "véase además" = see also reference.* salir sin ser visto = slip out, steal away.* según lo ve + Nombre = as seen through the eyes of + Nombre.* ser algo por ver = be an open question.* sin ser visto = undetected, unobserved.* tener algo que ver con = have + something to do with.* tener mucho que ver con = have + a great deal to do with.* tener poco que ver = have + little to do.* tener que ver con = be concerned with, concern, relate to, hold + a stake in, have + a stake in, be a question of.* una cosa no + tener + nada que ver con la otra = one thing + have + nothing to do with the other.* una vista digna de ver = a sight to behold.* un espectáculo digno de ver = a sight to behold.* véase = see under, SU, refer-to, qv (quod vide -latín).* véase además = see also.* véase como ejemplo = witness.* véase desde = see from, refer-from.* véase + Nombre + para más información = refer to + Nombre + for details.* Veo, Veo = I Spy.* ver Algo a través de los ojos de Alguien = look at + Nombre + through + Posesivo + eyes.* ver Algo con humor = a funny eye for.* ver Algo desde el punto de vista + Adjetivo = view + Nombre + through + Adjetivo + eyes.* ver Algo desde una nueva perspectiva = view + Nombre + in a new light, see + Nombre + in a new light.* ver Algo desde una perspectiva + Adjetivo = see + Nombre + in a + Adjetivo + light.* ver Algo venir = the (hand)writing + be + on the wall, see it + coming.* ver a través de = see through, see through.* ver bien = welcome.* ver con los mismos ojos = see + eye to eye (with/on).* ver con los prismáticos = glass.* ver con recelo = have + reservations (about).* ver con un ojo crítico = view with + a critical eye.* ver de antemano = preview.* ver desde una nueva perspectiva = shed + new light on.* ver desventajas = see + drawbacks.* ver de un vistazo = see + at a glance.* ver doble = see + double.* ver el motivo de Algo = glean + the reason for.* ver el mundo desde una perspectiva diferente = see + the world in a different light.* ver el porqué = see + the point.* ver el propósito = see + the point.* ver el sentido = see + the point.* ver en pantalla = scroll.* ver faltas en = see + faults in.* ver grabación en vídeo = video playback.* ver inconvenientes = see + drawbacks.* ver la finalidad = see + the point.* ver la luz = see + the light.* ver la luz al final del túnel = see + the light at the end of the tunnel.* ver la luz del día = see + the light of day.* ver la muerte de cerca = have + brushes with death.* ver la oportunidad = see + a chance.* ver la posibilidad = see + the possibility.* ver las cosas de diferente manera = see + things differently.* ver las cosas de diferente modo = see + things differently.* ver las cosas desde una perspectiva = see + things from + perspective.* ver las cosas de una manera diferente = see + things differently.* ver las cosas de un modo diferente = see + things differently.* ver las cosas en su conjunto = see + things as a whole.* ver las cosas en su totalidad = see + things as a whole.* ver las cosas positivas = look on + the bright side.* ver las cosas positivas de la vida = look on + the bright side of life.* ver las estrellas = see + stars.* ver la tele = watch + the telly.* ver la utilidad = see + the point.* verle las orejas al lobo = the (hand)writing + be + on the wall, see it + coming.* ver lo que Alguien realmente piensa = see into + Posesivo + heart.* ver lo que + avecinarse = the (hand)writing + be + on the wall, see it + coming.* ver lo que pasa = take it from there/here.* ver mundo = see + life, see + the world.* ver + Nombre + con nuevos ojos = view + Nombre + through fresh eyes.* ver + Nombre + desde la perspectiva de + Nombre = see + Nombre + through + Nombre + eyes.* verse en la necesidad = be constrained to.* verse en la necesidad de = be left with the need to.* verse en la necesidad urgente de = be hard pressed.* verse en la situación = find + Reflexivo + in the position.* verse en medio de = caught in the middle.* verse envuelto en = become + involved in, get + involved with/in.* verse frustrado = become + frustrated.* vérselas canutas = have + a devil of a time.* vérselas con = contend with.* vérselas negras = jump through + hoops, have + Posesivo + work cut out for + Pronombre, have + Posesivo + job cut out for + Pronombre, have + a devil of a time.* vérsele a Alguien el plumero = give + Reflexivo + away.* verse muy afectado por = have + a high stake in.* verse negro = have + Posesivo + work cut out for + Pronombre, have + Posesivo + job cut out for + Pronombre.* verse obligado a no + Infinitivo = be enjoined from + Gerundio.* verse superado sólo por = be second only to.* verse venir = be on the cards.* ver televisión = watch + television.* ver un fantasma = see + a ghost.* ver ventajas = see + advantages.* vistas desde fuera = outwardly.* visto desde la perspectiva de + Nombre = as seen through the eyes of + Nombre.* * *ver1A(aspecto): aún está de buen ver he's still good-looking o attractive, he still looks goodno es de mal ver she's not bad-lookingB(opinión): a mi/su ver in my/his view, as I see/he sees it■ ver (verbo transitivo)A1 percibir con la vista2 mirar3 imaginarB1 entender, notar2 echar de verC1 constatar, comprobar2 ser testigo deD a verE1 estudiar2 examinar: médico3 DerechoF1 juzgar, considerar2 encontrarG visitar, entrevistarse conH en el póquerI tener... que ver■ ver (verbo intransitivo)A percibir con la vistaB constatarC estudiar, pensarD a verE ver de■ verse (verbo pronominal)A1 percibirse2 imaginarseB1 hallarse2 serC parecerD encontrarsevtA1 (percibir con la vista) to see¿ves el letrero allí enfrente? can o do you see that sign opposite?lo vi con mis propios ojos I saw it with my own eyes¿ves algo? can you see anything?enciende la luz que no se ve nada switch on the light, I can't see a thingtú ves visiones, allí no hay nada you're seeing things, there's nothing therese te ve la combinación your slip is showingme acuerdo perfectamente, es como si lo estuviera viendo I remember it perfectly, as if I were seeing it nowver algo/a algn + INF/GER:la vi bailar en Londres hace años I saw her dance in London years agola vi metérselo en el bolsillo I saw her put it into her pocketlos vieron salir por la puerta trasera they were seen leaving by the back doorlo vi hablando con ella I saw him talking to herahí donde lo/la ves: ahí donde la ves tiene un genio … incredible though it may seem, she has a real temper …aquí donde me ves, tengo 90 años cumplidos believe it or not, I'm ninety years oldno ver ni tres en un burro or ni un burro a tres pasos or ni jota ( fam): sin gafas no veo ni jota I can't see a thing without my glasses, without my glasses I'm as blind as a batsi te he visto no me acuerdo ( fam): en cuanto le pedí un favor, si te he visto no me acuerdo as soon as I asked a favor of him, he just didn't want to knowver venir algo/a algn: el fracaso se veía venir it was obvious o you could see it was going to failte veía venir, ya sabía lo que me ibas a pedir I thought as much, I knew what you were going to ask me forya lo veo venir, seguro que quiere una semana libre I know what he's after, I bet he wants a week off ( colloq)¡y tú que lo veas!: ¡que cumplas muchos más! — ¡y tú que lo veas! many happy returns! — thank you very muchvan a bajar los impuestos — ¡y tú que lo veas! ( iró); they're going to cut taxes — do you think you'll live long enough to see it? ( iro)2 (mirar) to watchestaba viendo la televisión I was watching televisionesa película ya la he visto I've seen that movie before¿te has hecho daño?, déjame ver have you hurt yourself? let me seeun espectáculo que hay que ver a show which you must see o which is not to be missed o ( colloq) which is a mustno poder (ni) ver a algn: no puede ni verla or no la puede ver he can't stand her, he can't stand the sight of herno lo puedo ver ni pintado or ni en pintura ( fam); I can't stand the sight of him3 (imaginar) to see, imagine, pictureyo no la veo viviendo en el campo I can't see o imagine o picture her living in the countryya la veo tumbada en la arena sin hacer nada … I can see o picture her now lying on the sand doing nothing …B1 (entender, notar) to see¿no ves que la situación es grave? don't o can't you see how serious the situation is?¿ves qué amargo es? you see how bitter it is?no quiere ver la realidad he won't face up to realitysólo ve sus problemas he's only interested in his own problemsse te ve en la cara I can tell by your facese le ve que disfruta con su trabajo you can see o tell she enjoys her workte veo preocupado ¿qué te pasa? you look worried, what's the matter?la veo muy contenta she looks o seems very happyes un poco complicado, ¿sabes? — ya se ve it's a bit complicated, you know — so I (can) seeya veo/ya se ve que no tienes mucha práctica en esto I can see o it's obvious you haven't had much practice at this, you obviously haven't had much practice at thishacerse ver ( RPl); to show off2echar de ver to realize, noticepronto echó de ver que le faltaba dinero he soon realized o noticed that some of his money was missingse echa de ver que está muy contento it's obvious he's very happyC1 (constatar, comprobar) to seeve a ver quién es go and see who it is¡ya verás lo que es bueno si no me haces caso! you'll see what you get if you don't do as I sayhabrá que ver si cumple su promesa it remains to be seen o we'll have to see whether he keeps his promiseverás como no viene he won't come, wait and see o you'll seeya no funciona ¿lo ves? or ¿viste? te dije que no lo tocaras now, it's not working any more. You see? I told you not to touch it¡eso ya se verá! we'll see¡eso está por ver! we'll see about that!¡para que veas! ¡tú que decías que no iba a ser capaz! see? I did it! and you said I wouldn't be able to!gané por tres sets a cero ¡para que veas! I won by three sets to love, so there!2 (ser testigo de) to seevieron confirmadas sus sospechas they saw their suspicions confirmed, their suspicions were confirmed¡nunca he visto cosa igual! I've never seen anything like it!¡habráse visto semejante desfachatez! what a nerve! ( colloq)¡si vieras lo mal que lo pasé! you can't imagine how awful it was!es tan bonita, si vieras … she's so pretty, you should see her¡vieras or hubieras visto cómo se asustaron …! ( AmL); you should have seen the fright they got!tenías que haber visto lo furioso que se puso you should have seen how angry he got¡hombre! ¿tú por aquí? — ya ves, no tenía otra cosa que hacer hello, what are you doing here? — well, I didn't have anything else to dopensaba tomarme el día libre pero ya ves, aquí me tienes I intended taking the day off but … well, here I am¡hay que ver! ¡lo que son las cosas! well, well, well! o I don't know! would you believe it?¡hay que ver! hasta se llevaron el dinero de los niños would you believe it! they even took the children's money¡hay que ver lo que ha crecido! wow o gosh! hasn't he grown!hay que ver qué bien se portaron they behaved really well, it's amazing how well they behavedhay que ver lo grosera que es she's incredibly rudeque no veas ( Esp fam): me echó una bronca que no veas she gave me such an earful! ( colloq), you wouldn't believe the earful she gave me! ( colloq)tenía una borrachera que no veas he was absolutely blind drunktienen una cocina que no veas they have an incredible kitchenque no veo ( AmL fam): tengo un hambre que no veo ( fam); I'm absolutely starving ( colloq), I'm so hungry I could eat a horse ( colloq)tengo un sueño que no veo I'm so tired I can hardly keep my eyes openDa ver: (vamos) a ver ¿de qué se trata? OK o all right o well, now, what's the problem?a ver, el fórceps, rápido give me the forceps, quicklyaquí está en el periódico — ¿a ver? it's here in the newspaper — let's see¿a ver qué tienes ahí? let me see o show me what you've got there, what have you got there?aprieta el botón a ver qué pasa press the button and let's see what happensa ver si arreglas esa lámpara when are you going to fix that light?a ver si escribes pronto write soon, make sure you write soon¡cállate, a ver si alguien te oye! shut up, somebody might hear you¡a ver si ahora se cree que se lo robé yo! I hope he doesn't think that I stole it!a ver cuándo vienes a visitarnos come and see us soon/one of these days¡a ver! (AmC, Col) (al contestar el teléfono) hello?E1(estudiar): esto mejor que lo veas tú you'd better look at this o see this o have a look at thistengo que ver cómo lo arreglo I have to work out o see how I can fix itaún no lo sé, ya veré qué hago I still don't know, I'll decide what to do latervéase el capítulo anterior see (the) previous chapterno vimos ese tema en clase we didn't look at o study o do that topic in class2«médico» (examinar): ¿la ha visto ya un médico? has she been seen by a doctor yet?, has she seen a doctor yet?¿por qué no te haces ver por un especialista? ( AmS); why don't you see a specialist?3 ( Derecho) ‹causa› to try, hearF1(juzgar, considerar): yo eso no lo veo bien I don't think that's rightcada uno ve las cosas a su manera everybody has their own point of view, everybody sees things differentlya mi modo or manera de ver to my way of thinking, the way I see it2 (encontrar) to seeno le veo salida a esta situación I can't see any way out of this situation¿tú le ves algún inconveniente? can you see any drawbacks to it?no le veo la gracia I don't think it's funny, I don't find it funnyno le veo nada de malo I can't see anything wrong in itno veo por qué no I don't see why notG(visitar, entrevistarse con): es mejor que vea a su propio médico it's better if you go to o see your own doctorhace tiempo que no lo veo I haven't seen him for some time¡cuánto tiempo sin verte! I haven't seen you for ages!, long time, no see ( colloq)aún no he ido a ver a la abuela I still haven't been to see o visit grandmotherahora que vive lejos lo vemos menos we don't see so much of him now that he lives so far awayH(en el póquer): las veo I'll see youItener … que ver: eso no tiene nada que ver con lo que estamos discutiendo that has nothing to do with what we are discussinges muy joven — ¿y eso qué tiene que ver? he's very young — and what does that have to do with it?no tengo nada que ver con esa compañía I have nothing to do with that company, I have no connection with that company¿tuviste algo que ver en ese asunto? did you have anything to do with o any connection with that business?, were you involved in that business?¿qué tiene que ver que sea sábado? what difference does it make that it's Saturday?¿tendrán algo que ver con los Icasuriaga de Zamora? are they related in any way to the Icasuriagas from Zamora?■ verviA (percibir con la vista) to seeno veo bien de lejos/de cerca I'm shortsighted/longsightedenciende la luz que no veo turn on the light, I can't seeB(constatar): ¿hay cerveza? — no sé, voy a ver is there any beer? — I don't know, I'll have a look¿está Juan? — voy a ver is Juan in? — I'll go and seeverás, no quería engañarte pero … look, I wasn't trying to deceive you, it's just that …pues verás, la cosa empezó cuando … well you see, the whole thing began when …ver para creer seeing is believingC (estudiar, pensar) to seevamos a veror veamos, ¿dónde le duele? let's see now, where does it hurt?¿vas a decir que sí? — ya veré, déjame pensarlo un poco are you going to accept? I'll see, let me think about itseguimos en veremos we still don't know anything, we're still in the darkDE ver de (procurar) to tryvean de que no se dé cuenta try to make sure he doesn't noticevamos a ver de hacerlo lo más rápido posible let's try to get it done o let's see if we can get it done as quickly as possible■ verseA ( refl)1 (percibirse) to see oneself¿te quieres ver en el espejo? do you want to see yourself o look at yourself in the mirror?se vio reflejado en el agua he saw his reflection in the water2 (imaginarse) to see oneself¿tú te ves viviendo allí? can you see yourself living there?B1 (hallarse) (+ compl) to find oneselfme vi obligado a despedirlo I was obliged to dismiss him, I had no choice but to dismiss himse vio en la necesidad de pedir dinero prestado he found himself having to borrow moneyme vi en un aprieto I found myself in a tight spotvérselas venir ( fam): me las veía venir por eso tomé precauciones I saw it coming so I took precautionsvérselas y deseárselas: me las vi y me las deseé estudiando y trabajando durante cinco años it was really tough o hard o it was a real struggle studying and working for five yearsverse venir algo to see sth coming2 ( frml)(ser): este problema se ha visto agravado por … this problem has been made worse by …las cifras se ven aumentadas al final del verano the figures rise at the end of the summerel país se verá beneficiado con este acuerdo the country will benefit from this agreementme veo gordísima con esta falda I look really fat in this skirtD ( recípr) (encontrarse) to meetse veían un par de veces al mes they used to see each other o meet a couple of times a monthnos vemos a las siete I'll meet o see you at sevenes mejor que no nos veamos durante un tiempo we'd better not see each other for a while¡nos vemos! ( esp AmL); see you!, I'll be seeing you!verse CON algn to see sbya no me veo con ellos I don't see them any morevérselas con algn: tendrá que vérselas conmigo como se atreva a molestarte he'll have me to deal with if he dares to bother you* * *
ver 1 sustantivo masculino
1 ( aspecto):◊ ser de buen ver to be good-looking o attractive
2 ( opinión):◊ a mi/su ver in my/his view
ver 2 ( conjugate ver) verbo transitivo
1
◊ ¿ves algo? can you see anything?;
no se ve nada aquí you can't see a thing in here;
lo vi hablando con ella I saw him talking to her
esa película ya la he visto I've seen that movie before;
no poder (ni) ver a algn: no la puede ver he can't stand her
2 (entender, notar) to see;◊ ¿no ves lo que está pasando? don't o can't you see what's happening?;
se la ve preocupada she looks worried;
hacerse ver (RPl) to show off
3
¡ya verás lo que pasa! you'll see what happens;
¡ya se verá! we'll see
◊ ¡nunca he visto cosa igual! I've never seen anything like it!;
¡si vieras lo mal que lo pasé! you can't imagine how awful it was!;
¡hubieras visto cómo se asustaron! (AmL) you should have seen the fright they got!
4◊ a ver: (vamos) a ver ¿de qué se trata? OK o all right, now, what's the problem?;
está aquí, en el periódico — ¿a ver? it's here in the newspaper — let's see;
apriétalo a ver qué pasa press it and see what happens;
a ver si escribes pronto make sure you write soon
5a) ( estudiar):
tengo que ver cómo lo arreglo I have to work out how I can fix it;
ya veré qué hago I'll decide what to do later
◊ ¿la ha visto un médico? has she been seen by a doctor yet?
6a) (juzgar, considerar):
a mi modo or manera de ver the way I see it
no le veo la gracia I don't think it's funny
7 (visitar, entrevistarse con) ‹amigo/pariente› to see, visit;
‹médico/jefe› to see;◊ ¡cuánto tiempo sin verte! I haven't seen you for ages!
8◊ tener … que ver: ¿y eso qué tiene que ver? and what does that have to do with it?;
no tengo nada que ver con él I have nothing to do with him;
¿qué tiene que ver que sea sábado? what difference does it make that it's Saturday?
verbo intransitivo
1 ( percibir con la vista) to see;
no veo bien de lejos/de cerca I'm shortsighted/longsighted
2 ( constatar):◊ ¿hay cerveza? — no sé, voy a ver is there any beer? — I don't know, I'll have a look;
pues verás, todo empezó cuando … well you see, the whole thing began when …
3 ( pensar) to see;
estar/seguir en veremos (AmL fam): todavía está en veremos it isn't certain yet;
seguimos en veremos we still don't know anything
verse verbo pronominal
1 ( refl) (percibirse, imaginarse) to see oneself
2 ( hallarse) (+ compl) to find oneself;
me vi obligado a despedirlo I had no choice but to dismiss him
3 (esp AmL) ( parecer):
no se ve bien con ese peinado that hairdo doesn't suit her
4 ( recípr)
◊ nos vemos a las siete I'll meet o see you at seven;
¡nos vemos! (esp AmL) see you!
verse con algn to see sb
ver 1 m (aspecto exterior) aún estás de buen ver, you're still good-looking
ver 2 I verbo transitivo
1 to see: vi tu cartera sobre la mesa, I saw your wallet on the table
no veo nada, I can't see anything
puede ver tu casa desde aquí, he can see your house from here ➣ Ver nota en see; (mirar la televisión) to watch: estamos viendo las noticias de las tres, we are watching the three o'clock news
(cine) me gustaría ver esa película, I'd like to see that film
2 (entender) no veo por qué no te gusta, I can't see why you don't like it
(considerar) a mi modo de ver, as far as I can see o as I see it
tus padres no ven bien esa relación, your parents don't agree with that relationship
(parecer) se te ve nervioso, you look nervous
3 (averiguar) ya veremos qué sucede, we'll soon see what happens
fam (uso enfático) ¡no veas qué sitio tan bonito!, you wouldn't believe what a beautiful place!
4 a ver, let's see: a ver si acabamos este trabajo, let's see if we can finish this job
me compré un compacto, - ¿a ver?, I bought a compact disc, - let's have a look!
5 (ir a ver, visitar) to see, visit: le fui a ver al hospital, I visited him in hospital
II verbo intransitivo
1 to see: no ve bien de lejos, he's shortsighted, US nearsighted
2 (dudar, pensar) ¿me prestas este libro?, - ya veré, will you lend me this book?, - I'll see
3 (tener relación) no tengo nada que ver con ese asunto, I have nothing to do with that business
solo tiene cincuenta años, - ¿y eso qué tiene qué ver?, he's only fifty, - so what?
♦ Locuciones: no poder ver a alguien: no puede (ni) verle, she can't stand him
¿To see, to watch o to look?
Los tres verbos reflejan tres conceptos muy distintos. To see hace referencia a la capacidad visual y no es fruto de una acción deliberada. A menudo se usa con can o could: I can see the mountains from my bedroom. Puedo ver las montañas desde mi dormitorio.
To look at implica una acción deliberada: I saw an old atlas, so I opened it and looked at the maps. Vi un atlas antiguo, así que lo abrí y miré los mapas.
To watch también se refiere a una acción deliberada, a menudo cuando se tiene un interés especial por lo que ocurre: I watched the planes in the sky with great interest. Miraba los aviones en el cielo con gran interés. Igualmente puede indicar el paso del tiempo (we watched the animals playing for half an hour, durante media hora observamos cómo jugaban los animales), movimiento (they stood there watching the cars drive off into the distance, se quedaron allí de pie viendo cómo se marchaban los coches) o vigilancia (the policemen have been watching this house because they thought we were thieves, los policías estaban vigilando la casa porque pensaban que éramos ladrones).
Para hablar de películas u obras de teatro usamos to see: Have you seen Hamlet?, ¿Has visto Hamlet? To watch se refiere a la televisión y los deportes en general: I always watch the television in the evening. Siempre veo la televisión por las noches. I like to watch football. Me gusta ver el fútbol. Al hablar de programas o partidos específicos podemos usar tanto to watch como to see: I like to see/watch the news at 9:00. Me gusta ver las noticias a las 9.00. Did you see/watch the match last night?, ¿Viste el partido anoche?
' ver' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
A
- abundante
- acabar
- aclararse
- aconsejar
- acordar
- acordarse
- acostumbrada
- acostumbrado
- actual
- actualmente
- acuerdo
- adentro
- adición
- advertir
- agradecer
- aguantar
- aguardar
- ahora
- alegre
- almuerzo
- alquiler
- alta
- alto
- amarilla
- amarillo
- americanada
- amplia
- amplio
- añadir
- anexa
- anexo
- añorar
- apartamento
- apellido
- apetecer
- apreciar
- arrepentirse
- arriesgarse
- atreverse
- aún
- ausente
- ayudar
- bajar
- bastante
- burra
- burro
- cachorra
- cachorro
- caliente
English:
able
- add
- add up
- addition
- advertising
- afloat
- afraid
- afternoon
- aghast
- ajar
- akin
- alight
- alike
- alive
- all
- allow
- alone
- already
- although
- among
- amongst
- and
- another
- apartment
- appear
- appendix
- arouse
- as
- ashamed
- asleep
- assassin
- assassinate
- assassination
- associate
- attorney
- averse
- awake
- awaken
- aware
- bar
- barrister
- bath
- be
- beat
- beer
- beg
- benefit
- between
- billion
- bite
* * *♦ nm♦ vt1. [percibir con los ojos] to see;[mirar] to look at; [televisión, programa, espectáculo deportivo] to watch; [película, obra, concierto] to see;¿ves algo? can you see anything?;yo no veo nada I can't see a thing;he estado viendo tu trabajo I've been looking at your work;¿vemos la tele un rato? shall we watch some TV?;esta serie nunca la veo I never watch this series;¿has visto el museo? have you been to the museum?;yo te veo más delgada you look thinner to me;Méx Fam¿qué me ves? what are you looking at?;este edificio ha visto muchos sucesos históricos this building has seen a lot of historic events;los jubilados han visto aumentadas sus pensiones pensioners have had their pensions increased;ver a alguien hacer algo to see sb doing sth;los vi actuar en el festival I saw them acting at the festival;te vi bajar del autobús I saw you getting off the bus;¡si vieras qué bien lo pasamos! if only you knew what a good time we had!;¡si vieras qué cara se le puso! you should have seen her face!;ver venir algo/a alguien: este problema ya lo veía venir I could see this problem coming;lo veo venir I can see what he's up to;verlas venir: él prefiere quedarse a verlas venir he prefers to wait and see;¡quién lo ha visto y quién lo ve! it's amazing how much he's changed!;si no lo veo, no lo creo I'd never have believed it if I hadn't seen it with my own eyes;si te he visto no me acuerdo: pero ahora, si te he visto, no me acuerdo but now he/she/ etc doesn't want to know2. [entender, apreciar, considerar] to see;ya veo que estás de mal humor I can see you're in a bad mood;¿no ves que trata de disculparse? can't you see o tell she's trying to apologize?;¿ves lo que quiero decir? do you see what I mean?;ahora lo veo todo claro now I understand everything;a todo le ve pegas he sees problems in everything;yo no le veo solución a este problema I can't see a solution to this problem;¿tú cómo lo ves? how do you see it?;yo lo veo así I see it this way o like this;es una manera de ver las cosas that's one way of looking at it;yo no lo veo tan mal I don't think it's that bad;ahí donde la ves, era muy guapa de joven she was very pretty when she was young, you know;dejarse ver (por un sitio) to show one's face (somewhere);¿te gusta? – ¡a ver! do you like it? – of course I do!;¡habráse visto!: ¡habráse visto qué cara dura/mal genio tiene! you'd never believe what a cheek/temper he has!;¡hay que ver! [indica sorpresa] would you believe it!;[indica indignación] it makes me mad!;¡hay que ver qué lista es! you wouldn't believe how clever she is!;¡hay que ver cuánto se gasta estando de vacaciones! it's amazing how much you spend when you're on Br holiday o US vacation!;para que veas: no le tengo ningún rencor, ¡para que veas! I don't bear him any hard feelings, in case you were wondering;Famno poder ver a alguien (ni en pintura): no lo puedo ver I can't stand (the sight of) him3. [imaginar] to see;ya veo tu foto en los periódicos I can (just) see your photo in the newspapers;francamente, yo no la veo casada to be honest, I find it hard to see her getting married4. [comprobar] to see;ir a ver lo que pasa to go and see what's going on;ve a ver si quedan cervezas go and see if o have a look if there are any beers left;veré qué puedo hacer I'll see what I can do;queda por ver si ésta es la mejor solución it remains to be seen whether this is the best solution;eso está por ver, eso habrá que verlo that remains to be seen;veamos let's see5. [tratar, estudiar] [tema, problema] to look at;el lunes veremos la lección 6 we'll do lesson 6 on Monday;como ya hemos visto en anteriores capítulos… as we have seen in previous chapters…6. [reconocer] [sujeto: médico, especialista] to have o take a look at;Andes, RPel televisor no funciona, tengo que hacerlo ver the television's not working, I must get someone to have a look at it o get it seen to7. [visitar, citarse con] to see;tienes que ir a ver al médico you ought to see the doctor;ven a vernos cuando quieras come and see us any time you like;mañana vamos a ver a mis padres we're seeing my parents tomorrow;hace siglos que no la veo I haven't seen her for ages;últimamente no los veo mucho I haven't seen much of them recently9. [en juegos de naipes] to see;las veo I'll see you♦ vi1. [percibir con los ojos] to see;ver bien/mal to have good/poor eyesight;no veo bien de cerca/de lejos I'm long-sighted/short-sighted;¿ves bien ahí? can you see all right from there?;Famque no veo: tengo un hambre/sueño que no veo I'm incredibly hungry/tired;Famque no veas: hace un frío/calor que no veas it's incredibly cold/hot;los vecinos arman un ruido que no veas the neighbours are unbelievably noisy;hasta más ver [adiós] see you soon2. [hacer la comprobación] to see;la casa está en muy buenas condiciones – ya veo the house is in very good condition – so I see;es muy sencillo, ya verás it's quite simple, you'll see;creo que me queda uno en el almacén, iré a ver I think I have one left in the storeroom, I'll just go and see o look;vendrá en el periódico – voy a ver it'll be in the newspaper – I'll go and see o look;tú sigue sin estudiar y verás you'll soon see what happens if you carry on not studying;¿ves?, te lo dije (you) see? I told you so;ver para creer seeing is believing3. [decidir]¿lo harás? – ya veré will you do it? – I'll see;ya veremos we'll see4. [en juegos de naipes]¡veo! I'll see you!5. [como muletilla]verás, tengo algo muy importante que decirte listen o look, I've got something very important to say to you;¿qué ha pasado? – pues, verás, yo estaba… what happened? – well, you see, I was…6.a ver: a ver cuánto aguantas en esa postura let's see how long you can hold that position;a ver cuándo vienes a vernos you must come and see us some time;no subas al tejado, a ver si te vas a caer don't go up on the roof, you might fall;¡a ver si tienes más cuidado con lo que dices! you should be a bit more careful what you say!;¿a ver? [mirando con interés] let me see, let's have a look;Col¡a ver! [al teléfono] hello?;a ver, ¿qué te pasa? let's see, what's wrong?;a ver, antes de empezar… let's see, right, before starting…;vamos a ver let's see* * *<part visto>I v/t1 L.Am. ( mirar) look at; televisión watch2 see;sin ser visto unseen, without being seen;la vi ayer en la reunión I saw her yesterday at the meeting;no puede verla fig he can’t stand the sight of her;tengo un hambre que no veo fam I’m starving oravenous;me lo veía venir I could see it coming;te veo venir fig I know what you’re after3 ( visitar):fui a ver al médico I went to see the doctor4 ( opinar):¿cómo lo ves? what do you think?5 ( entender):me hizo ver que estaba equivocado she made me see that I was wrong;¿(lo) ves? (do) you see?7:no tiene nada que ver con it doesn’t have anything to do withII v/i1 L.Am. ( mirar) look;ve aquí dentro look in here2 see;no veo bien sin gafas I don’t see too well without my glasses3 ( considerar):está por ver that remains to be seen;ya veremos we’ll see;vamos a ver let’s see;a ver let’s see, now then:¡hay que ver! would you believe it!;¡para que veas! so there!* * *ver {88} vt1) : to seevimos la película: we saw the movie2) entender: to understandya lo veo: now I get it3) examinar: to examine, to look intolo veré: I'll take a look at it4) juzgar: to see, to judgea mi manera de ver: to my way of thinking5) visitar: to meet with, to visit6) averiguar: to find out7)a ver orvamos a ver : let's seever vi1) : to see2) enterarse: to learn, to find out3) entender: to understand* * *ver vb2. (mirar) to watch3. (parecer) to look -
5 relación
f.1 relation, association, relationship, connection.2 relation, treatment, intercourse, dealing.3 acquaintance, relation.4 account, recitation, narration, recital.5 report, recountal.6 friendship.7 relative, member of the family, relation.* * *1 (correspondencia) relation, relationship■ una relación amistosa a friendship, a friendly relationship2 (conexión) link, connection3 (lista) list, record4 (relato) account, telling5 (en matemática) ratio1 (conocidos) acquaintances; (contactos) contacts, connections\con relación a / en relación a with regard to, regardingestar en buenas relaciones con alguien to be on good terms with somebodyestar en relación con alguien to be in contact with somebodyhacer relación a algo to refer to somethingtener buenas relaciones to be well connectedtener relaciones con alguien (salir) to go out with somebodyrelación de compresión TÉCNICA compression ratiorelaciones diplomáticas diplomatic relationsrelaciones públicas public relationsrelaciones sexuales sexual relations* * *noun f.1) relation2) relationship3) account4) connection5) liaison•- relación sexual* * *SF1) (=vínculo) connectionno existe ninguna relación entre los dos accidentes — there is no connection between the two accidents
existe una relación entre el tabaco y el cáncer — there is a connection o relation o relationship between cigarettes and cancer
•
guardar o tener relación con algo — [suceso] to be connected with sth, be related to sth; [persona] to be connected with sthno guardar relación (alguna) con algo — (=no parecerse) to bear no relation (whatsoever) to sth; (=no estar relacionado) to have no connection o relation (at all) with sth
relación calidad/precio — value for money
tener buena relación calidad/precio — to be good value for money
2)• con relación a, en relación a o con — (=comparado con) compared to, compared with; (=en lo referente a) with regard to, in connection with
un aumento del 3% con relación al año anterior — an increase of 3% over o compared to o compared with the previous year
con relación a la encuesta publicada por este periódico — with regard to o in connection with the survey published by this newspaper
3) (=entre personas)a) [en el momento presente] relations pl¿cómo es su relación o son sus relaciones con su jefe? — how are relations between you and your boss?
•
estar en o mantener buenas relaciones con — [+ persona] to be on good terms with; [+ organización] to have good relations with•
romper las relaciones con — [+ país, organización] to break off relations with; [+ familiar, amigo] to break off all contact withb) [de larga duración] relationship¿cómo eran las relaciones con su padre? — what was your relationship with your father like?
tenía una relación de amistad con algunos de sus alumnos — he had a friendly relationship with some of his students
¿sigues manteniendo las relaciones con tus antiguos compañeros de universidad? — do you still keep in touch with people from your university days?
4) [con empresa, organización] connection¿tiene alguna relación con esa empresa? — do you have any connection with that company?
ha sido detenido por sus relaciones con la Mafia — he has been arrested because of his connections with the Mafia
relaciones laborales — labour relations, labor relations (EEUU)
relaciones públicas — (=actividad) public relations, PR; (=profesional) public relations officer, PR officer
5) (tb: relación amorosa) relationshipno veían con buenos ojos sus relaciones con una extranjera — they did not view his relationship with a foreign woman favourably
mantener o tener relaciones sexuales con algn — [de forma esporádica] to have sex with sb; [de forma continuada] to be in a sexual relationship with sb
relaciones prematrimoniales — premarital sex, sex before marriage
7) (=referencia)•
hacer relación a algo — to refer to sthtener (buenas) relaciones — to be well connected, have good contacts o connections
9) (Mat) (=proporción) ratiolos superan numéricamente en una relación 46-36% — they outnumber them by a ratio of 46-36%
10) frm (=narración) account•
hacer una relación de algo — to give an account of sth11) (=lista) listla relación de aprobados se publicará en marzo — the list of those who have passed will be issued in March
el usuario dispone, junto a la factura telefónica, de una relación de sus llamadas — the customer receives, together with the telephone bill, a breakdown of calls made
12) (Jur) (=informe) record, (official) return* * *1)a) ( conexión) connectioncon relación a or en relación con — ( con respecto a) in connection with; ( en comparación con) relative to
en relación con su carta... — with regard to o regarding your letter...
b) ( correspondencia)en una relación de diez a uno — (Mat) in a ratio of ten to one
2)a) ( trato)relaciones diplomáticas/comerciales — diplomatic/trade relations
es nulo en lo que respecta a las relaciones humanas — he's hopeless when it comes to dealing with people
b) relaciones femenino plural ( influencias) contacts (pl), connections (pl)3)a) ( exposición) accountb) ( lista) list* * *= association, chaining, connection [connexion], connectivity, dealing, interaction, interplay, involvement, link, ratio, relation, relationship, relationship link, relatedness, alliance, liaison, exposure, tie, tie-up.Ex. It is possible and convenient to select a viewpoint on the scope, associations and labels for subjects which coincides with the way in which subjects are handled in the literature.Ex. The information seeking patterns of a variety of academic social scientists were broken down into 6 characteristics: starting; chaining; browsing; differentiating; monitoring; and extracting.Ex. Access is via modified television set, a telephone (and its connections) and a simple keypad.Ex. An information system architecture defines a structure for describing communications connectivity between users of information and sources of information.Ex. The most serious problem for librarians in their dealings with media materials is the massive multiplication of formats, making it difficult for librarians to decide what to buy in what format.Ex. One trend for the future is likely to be the development of hosts which are designed for interaction with the end user.Ex. In the case of the book, it is the interplay of such multifarious trends that will determine its destiny.Ex. Clearly, anyone having any dealings at all with the CAP needs a general understanding of how the system works, at a level which is appropriate to their involvement.Ex. Explanatory references give a little more explanation as to why the link between two names is being made in the catalogue or index.Ex. The microfiche is a common form for catalogues and indexes, usually 208 or 270 frames per fiche, in a piece of film and with a reduction ratio of 42 or 48:1.Ex. The catalogue often forms the basis for co-operation and good relations between the libraries in a region.Ex. Related works are separately catalogued works that have a relationship to another work.Ex. The bibliographic record for the volume is also a monographic record, but with a series entry and a relationship link to the bibliographic record for the series as a whole.Ex. The frequency of co-occurrence of articles from different subfields in selected periodicals is used for measuring the degree of relatedness between these subfields.Ex. This type of alliance is already evident in countries like Thailand, where library science students and educators have been actively involved in writing and illustrating children's books.Ex. It is important to make sure that there is close liaison between the cataloguing department and the order department, otherwise cards are liable to be ordered twice or in insufficient quantity to meet the total demand.Ex. This article also examines the need for exposure to AI by all students in order to become familiar with capabilities and limitations of AI-based systems.Ex. Eastern European countries longing for western scientific ties have wanted to participate in the Internet for a long time, but were excluded by government regulations.Ex. The report of findings may consist simply of a few pages, or be a trends and proposals report, or may suggest tie-ups with other groups.----* beneficios en relación con la inversión = return on investment (ROI).* bloque funcional de relaciones entre registros = linking entry block.* buena relación calidad-precio = value for money.* buscar el origen de la relación entre = trace + the relationship between.* campaña de relaciones públicas = public relations campaign.* campo de relación = linking field.* con relación a = as regards, re, in relation to, in connection with, regarding, concerning.* crear relaciones = structure + relationships.* definir relaciones = structure + relationships.* de segunda importancia en relación con = secondary to.* diagrama de relaciones = relationship display.* encargado de relaciones públicas = public liaison.* en relación a = as for.* en relación con = in association with, in conjunction with, in connection with, in relation to, in respect of, in terms of, in the way of, relating to, relative to, vis à vis, with reference to, with regard(s) to, apropos of, as it relates to, in the context of, on the matter of, re, regarding, apropos to, in reference to, concerning, in keeping with.* en relación proporcional con = in proportion to.* entablar relaciones = enter into + relations, enter into + relationships, build + relationships, develop + relationships, develop + relations, build + relations.* entablar relaciones comerciales = transact.* entablar relaciones con = forge + links with, forge + relationships with, forge + ties.* establecer relaciones = build + relationships, develop + relationships, develop + relations, build + relations, structure + relationships.* establecer relaciones con = forge + links with, forge + relationships with, forge + ties.* estrechar la relación = strengthen + links.* estropear una relación = poison + a relationship.* fortalecer la relación = strengthen + links.* ganancias en relación con la inversión = return on investment (ROI).* grado de relación = relatedness measure.* guardar relación con = bear + relation to, stand in + relation to, stand in + relationship to, bear + relationship to, be commensurate with.* guardar una relación directamente proporcional = vary + proportionately.* guardar una relación inversamente proporcional = vary + inversely.* hacer una relación de = list.* indicador de relación = relation indicator, relational operator, role operator.* ley de relación exponencial inversa al cuadrado = inverse square law.* ley de relación exponencial inversa al cubo = inverse cube law.* mantener relaciones = maintain + contact, maintain + relationships, maintain + relations.* mantener relaciones comerciales = do + business.* mantener una relación con = carry on + relationship with.* mejor relación calidad-precio, la = best value for money, the.* negar tener relación con = disclaim + connection with.* no guardar relación con = be incommensurate with.* número de relación = linking number.* operador de relación = link, relational operator, linking device.* persona encargada de las relaciones públicas = PR man [PR men, -pl.].* poner en relación = bring into + relationship.* que guarde relación con = in keeping with.* relación "es un tipo de" = is-a relationship.* relación afín = affinitive relationship.* relación amorosa = love affair.* relación ascendente = upward reference.* relación asociativa = associative relation, collateral link, collateral reference.* relación calidad-precio = price-performance ratio.* relación causa-efecto = cause-effect relation, causal relationship.* relación clase-tipo = type-token ratio.* relación comparativa = comparative relation.* relación consecutiva = consecutive relation.* relación contractual = contractual relationship.* relación coordinada = coordinate relation.* relación costes-beneficios = cost-benefit ratio.* relación costos-beneficios = cost-benefit ratio.* relación de aplicación = bias relation.* relación de confianza = trusting relationship.* relación de contenido = contents notes.* relación de equivalencia = equivalence relationship.* relación de inclusión = part-whole relation.* relación de poder = power relationship.* relación de preferencia = preferential relation, preferential relationship.* relación descendente = downward reference.* relación de trabajo = working relation, working relationship, work relationship, work relation.* relación directa = direct relationship, linear relationship, linear relation.* relación directamente proporcional significativa = significant direct relationship.* relación directa significativa = significant direct relationship.* relación entre compañeros = peer interaction.* relación entre cuasisinónimos = near-synonymous relationship.* relaciones = intercourse.* relaciones comerciales = business dealings, commercial relations, trade relations.* relaciones de género = gender relations.* relaciones de poder = power relations.* relaciones diplomáticas = diplomatic relations.* relaciones entre hombres y mujeres = gender relations.* relaciones humanas = human relations, human relationships.* relaciones industriales = industrial relations.* relaciones jerárquicas = role relationships.* relaciones laborales = labour relations, employment relations.* relación específica = downward reference.* relaciones prematrimoniales = premarital sex.* relaciones públicas = public relations (PR), PR activities, public relations exercise, public liaison.* relaciones sexuales = sexual intercourse, intercourse.* relaciones sexuales promiscuas = casual sex(ual) encounters, casual sex.* relaciones sociales = social relations.* relación estrecha = close contact.* relación formal = formal relation.* relación genérica = generic relation, generic relationship, upwards link, upward reference.* relación género/especie = genus/species relationship.* relación internacional = international relation.* relación interracial = interracial relationship.* relación inversa = inverse relationship.* relación inversamente proporcional significativa = inverse relationship, significant inverse relationship.* relación inversa significativa = significant inverse relationship.* relación jerárquica = hierarchical relation, hierarchical relationship.* relación laboral = working relation, working relationship, work relationship, work relation.* relación negativa = negative relationship.* relación parte-todo = whole/part relationship, whole-part relationship.* relación positiva = positive relationship.* relación semántica = semantic relation, semantic relationship.* relación sexual = sexual relationship.* relación sexual sin protección = unprotected sex.* relación simbiótica = symbiotic relationship.* relación sintáctica = syntactic relation, syntactic relationship, syntactical relationship.* relativo a la relación costos-beneficios = cost-benefit, cost-benefit.* romper una relación = break off + relationship, sever + connection.* sin relación = unrelated, unconnected.* sin relación con = unrelated to.* sociología de las relaciones industriales = industrial sociology, sociology of industrial relations.* tener relación con = have + bearing on.* tener relaciones amorosas = have + an affair.* tener relaciones con = have + dealings with.* tener relaciones sexuales con = have + intercourse with.* * *1)a) ( conexión) connectioncon relación a or en relación con — ( con respecto a) in connection with; ( en comparación con) relative to
en relación con su carta... — with regard to o regarding your letter...
b) ( correspondencia)en una relación de diez a uno — (Mat) in a ratio of ten to one
2)a) ( trato)relaciones diplomáticas/comerciales — diplomatic/trade relations
es nulo en lo que respecta a las relaciones humanas — he's hopeless when it comes to dealing with people
b) relaciones femenino plural ( influencias) contacts (pl), connections (pl)3)a) ( exposición) accountb) ( lista) list* * *= association, chaining, connection [connexion], connectivity, dealing, interaction, interplay, involvement, link, ratio, relation, relationship, relationship link, relatedness, alliance, liaison, exposure, tie, tie-up.Ex: It is possible and convenient to select a viewpoint on the scope, associations and labels for subjects which coincides with the way in which subjects are handled in the literature.
Ex: The information seeking patterns of a variety of academic social scientists were broken down into 6 characteristics: starting; chaining; browsing; differentiating; monitoring; and extracting.Ex: Access is via modified television set, a telephone (and its connections) and a simple keypad.Ex: An information system architecture defines a structure for describing communications connectivity between users of information and sources of information.Ex: The most serious problem for librarians in their dealings with media materials is the massive multiplication of formats, making it difficult for librarians to decide what to buy in what format.Ex: One trend for the future is likely to be the development of hosts which are designed for interaction with the end user.Ex: In the case of the book, it is the interplay of such multifarious trends that will determine its destiny.Ex: Clearly, anyone having any dealings at all with the CAP needs a general understanding of how the system works, at a level which is appropriate to their involvement.Ex: Explanatory references give a little more explanation as to why the link between two names is being made in the catalogue or index.Ex: The microfiche is a common form for catalogues and indexes, usually 208 or 270 frames per fiche, in a piece of film and with a reduction ratio of 42 or 48:1.Ex: The catalogue often forms the basis for co-operation and good relations between the libraries in a region.Ex: Related works are separately catalogued works that have a relationship to another work.Ex: The bibliographic record for the volume is also a monographic record, but with a series entry and a relationship link to the bibliographic record for the series as a whole.Ex: The frequency of co-occurrence of articles from different subfields in selected periodicals is used for measuring the degree of relatedness between these subfields.Ex: This type of alliance is already evident in countries like Thailand, where library science students and educators have been actively involved in writing and illustrating children's books.Ex: It is important to make sure that there is close liaison between the cataloguing department and the order department, otherwise cards are liable to be ordered twice or in insufficient quantity to meet the total demand.Ex: This article also examines the need for exposure to AI by all students in order to become familiar with capabilities and limitations of AI-based systems.Ex: Eastern European countries longing for western scientific ties have wanted to participate in the Internet for a long time, but were excluded by government regulations.Ex: The report of findings may consist simply of a few pages, or be a trends and proposals report, or may suggest tie-ups with other groups.* beneficios en relación con la inversión = return on investment (ROI).* bloque funcional de relaciones entre registros = linking entry block.* buena relación calidad-precio = value for money.* buscar el origen de la relación entre = trace + the relationship between.* campaña de relaciones públicas = public relations campaign.* campo de relación = linking field.* con relación a = as regards, re, in relation to, in connection with, regarding, concerning.* crear relaciones = structure + relationships.* definir relaciones = structure + relationships.* de segunda importancia en relación con = secondary to.* diagrama de relaciones = relationship display.* encargado de relaciones públicas = public liaison.* en relación a = as for.* en relación con = in association with, in conjunction with, in connection with, in relation to, in respect of, in terms of, in the way of, relating to, relative to, vis à vis, with reference to, with regard(s) to, apropos of, as it relates to, in the context of, on the matter of, re, regarding, apropos to, in reference to, concerning, in keeping with.* en relación proporcional con = in proportion to.* entablar relaciones = enter into + relations, enter into + relationships, build + relationships, develop + relationships, develop + relations, build + relations.* entablar relaciones comerciales = transact.* entablar relaciones con = forge + links with, forge + relationships with, forge + ties.* establecer relaciones = build + relationships, develop + relationships, develop + relations, build + relations, structure + relationships.* establecer relaciones con = forge + links with, forge + relationships with, forge + ties.* estrechar la relación = strengthen + links.* estropear una relación = poison + a relationship.* fortalecer la relación = strengthen + links.* ganancias en relación con la inversión = return on investment (ROI).* grado de relación = relatedness measure.* guardar relación con = bear + relation to, stand in + relation to, stand in + relationship to, bear + relationship to, be commensurate with.* guardar una relación directamente proporcional = vary + proportionately.* guardar una relación inversamente proporcional = vary + inversely.* hacer una relación de = list.* indicador de relación = relation indicator, relational operator, role operator.* ley de relación exponencial inversa al cuadrado = inverse square law.* ley de relación exponencial inversa al cubo = inverse cube law.* mantener relaciones = maintain + contact, maintain + relationships, maintain + relations.* mantener relaciones comerciales = do + business.* mantener una relación con = carry on + relationship with.* mejor relación calidad-precio, la = best value for money, the.* negar tener relación con = disclaim + connection with.* no guardar relación con = be incommensurate with.* número de relación = linking number.* operador de relación = link, relational operator, linking device.* persona encargada de las relaciones públicas = PR man [PR men, -pl.].* poner en relación = bring into + relationship.* que guarde relación con = in keeping with.* relación "es un tipo de" = is-a relationship.* relación afín = affinitive relationship.* relación amorosa = love affair.* relación ascendente = upward reference.* relación asociativa = associative relation, collateral link, collateral reference.* relación calidad-precio = price-performance ratio.* relación causa-efecto = cause-effect relation, causal relationship.* relación clase-tipo = type-token ratio.* relación comparativa = comparative relation.* relación consecutiva = consecutive relation.* relación contractual = contractual relationship.* relación coordinada = coordinate relation.* relación costes-beneficios = cost-benefit ratio.* relación costos-beneficios = cost-benefit ratio.* relación de aplicación = bias relation.* relación de confianza = trusting relationship.* relación de contenido = contents notes.* relación de equivalencia = equivalence relationship.* relación de inclusión = part-whole relation.* relación de poder = power relationship.* relación de preferencia = preferential relation, preferential relationship.* relación descendente = downward reference.* relación de trabajo = working relation, working relationship, work relationship, work relation.* relación directa = direct relationship, linear relationship, linear relation.* relación directamente proporcional significativa = significant direct relationship.* relación directa significativa = significant direct relationship.* relación entre compañeros = peer interaction.* relación entre cuasisinónimos = near-synonymous relationship.* relaciones = intercourse.* relaciones comerciales = business dealings, commercial relations, trade relations.* relaciones de género = gender relations.* relaciones de poder = power relations.* relaciones diplomáticas = diplomatic relations.* relaciones entre hombres y mujeres = gender relations.* relaciones humanas = human relations, human relationships.* relaciones industriales = industrial relations.* relaciones jerárquicas = role relationships.* relaciones laborales = labour relations, employment relations.* relación específica = downward reference.* relaciones prematrimoniales = premarital sex.* relaciones públicas = public relations (PR), PR activities, public relations exercise, public liaison.* relaciones sexuales = sexual intercourse, intercourse.* relaciones sexuales promiscuas = casual sex(ual) encounters, casual sex.* relaciones sociales = social relations.* relación estrecha = close contact.* relación formal = formal relation.* relación genérica = generic relation, generic relationship, upwards link, upward reference.* relación género/especie = genus/species relationship.* relación internacional = international relation.* relación interracial = interracial relationship.* relación inversa = inverse relationship.* relación inversamente proporcional significativa = inverse relationship, significant inverse relationship.* relación inversa significativa = significant inverse relationship.* relación jerárquica = hierarchical relation, hierarchical relationship.* relación laboral = working relation, working relationship, work relationship, work relation.* relación negativa = negative relationship.* relación parte-todo = whole/part relationship, whole-part relationship.* relación positiva = positive relationship.* relación semántica = semantic relation, semantic relationship.* relación sexual = sexual relationship.* relación sexual sin protección = unprotected sex.* relación simbiótica = symbiotic relationship.* relación sintáctica = syntactic relation, syntactic relationship, syntactical relationship.* relativo a la relación costos-beneficios = cost-benefit, cost-benefit.* romper una relación = break off + relationship, sever + connection.* sin relación = unrelated, unconnected.* sin relación con = unrelated to.* sociología de las relaciones industriales = industrial sociology, sociology of industrial relations.* tener relación con = have + bearing on.* tener relaciones amorosas = have + an affair.* tener relaciones con = have + dealings with.* tener relaciones sexuales con = have + intercourse with.* * *A1 (conexión) connectionesto no tiene or no guarda ninguna relación con los hechos this has no connection with o bears no relation to the factsexiste una relación entre los dos sucesos there is a connection o link between the two eventscon relación a or en relación con (con respecto a) in connection with; (en comparación con) relative toen relación con su carta de fecha … in connection with o with regard to your letter dated …hubo un descenso con relación al año anterior there was a decrease relative to the previous year2tiene una excelente relación calidad-precio it is excellent value for moneyuna relación causa-efecto a relationship of cause and effectCompuesto:equivalence relationB1(trato): ha establecido una buena relación con él she has built up a good relationship with himrelaciones amistosas/sexuales friendly/sexual relationsrelaciones prematrimoniales premarital sextuvo relaciones amorosas con una famosa actriz he had an affair with a famous actressmantienen relaciones formales desde hace años they have been courting for yearssiempre ha tenido muy buenas relaciones con su jefe she has always had o enjoyed a very good relationship with her bossahora estoy en buenas relaciones con él I'm on good terms with him nowrelaciones comerciales trading o trade relationshan roto las relaciones diplomáticas they have broken off diplomatic relationses nulo en lo que respecta a las relaciones humanas he's hopeless when it comes to dealing with people o when it comes to the human side of thingslas relaciones entre padres e hijos the relationship between parents and their childrentiene buenas relaciones en la empresa he has some good contacts o connections in the companyCompuestos:fpl foreign affairs (pl)C1 (exposición) accounthizo una detallada relación de los hechos she gave a detailed account of the facts2 (lista) list* * *
relación sustantivo femenino
1
con relación a or en relación con ( con respecto a) in connection with;
( en comparación con) relative to;◊ en relación con su carta … with regard to o regarding your letter …b) ( correspondencia):
una relación causa-efecto a relationship of cause and effect
2
estoy en buenas relaciones con él I'm on good terms with himb)
(trato comercial, diplomático) relations (pl);
( trato carnal) sex;
relaciones prematrimoniales premarital sex;
relaciones públicas ( actividad) public relations (pl);
( persona) public relations officer;
(de cantante, artista) PR;
3
relación sustantivo femenino
1 (entre personas) relationship: no tengo relación alguna con ellos, I don't maintain any form of contact with them
estar en buenas relaciones con alguien, to be on good terms with sb
tener relaciones influyentes, to have good contacts
2 (entre ideas o cosas) connection, relation
con relación a su pregunta, regarding your question
3 (de nombres, elementos, etc) list
4 (de un hecho o situación) account: la relación de los hechos es algo confusa, the description of the facts is somewhat confusing
5 Mat ratio, proportion
6 relaciones públicas, (actividad) public relations
(persona) public relations officer
' relación' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
ajena
- ajeno
- causa
- cimentar
- comercio
- con
- consonancia
- cortar
- definitivamente
- desconectarse
- enlace
- enrarecerse
- entrañable
- escarceo
- extramatrimonial
- hermandad
- intimidad
- laboral
- lazo
- murmuración
- paréntesis
- proporción
- regañar
- relucir
- rencilla
- romperse
- salir
- sexo
- tambalearse
- tempestuosa
- tempestuoso
- tirantez
- trabajada
- trabajado
- tratar
- tratarse
- trato
- ver
- vendedor
- vendedora
- asfixiante
- asunto
- aventura
- clandestino
- comunicación
- conexión
- conocer
- consolidar
- correspondencia
- desgastar
English:
association
- bearing
- blossom
- breakup
- bust up
- close
- commensurate
- connect
- connected
- connection
- damage
- fall apart
- intimate
- involvement
- liaison
- money
- of
- pertinent
- record
- relation
- relationship
- rob
- stormy
- strain
- strained
- strengthen
- terminate
- to
- two-timer
- unrelated
- value
- walk out
- acquaintance
- disclaim
- further
- involve
- irrelevant
- obviously
- put
- rapport
- re
- reference
- regard
- relevance
- unconnected
* * *♦ nf1. [nexo] relation, connection;con relación a, en relación con in relation to, with regard to;no hay ninguna relación entre los dos secuestros the two kidnappings are unrelated o unconnected;guardar relación con algo to be related to sth;no guardar relación con algo to bear no relation to sth;relación calidad-precio value for money;2. [comunicación, trato] relations, relationship;mantener relaciones con alguien to keep in touch with sb;relaciones comerciales [vínculos] business links; [comercio] trade;relaciones diplomáticas diplomatic relations;han roto las relaciones diplomáticas they have broken off diplomatic relations;relaciones internacionales international relations;relaciones laborales industrial relations;relación de pareja: [m5] los problemas de las relaciones de pareja relationship problems;dice que no necesita de la relación de pareja she says she doesn't need to be in a relationship with anybody;relaciones de parentesco kinship;relaciones personales personal relationships;relaciones públicas [actividad] public relations, PR3. [lista] list4. [descripción] account5. [informe] report6.relaciones [noviazgo] relationship;llevan cinco años de relaciones they've been going out together for five years;un cursillo sobre las relaciones de pareja a course on being in a relationship;relaciones prematrimoniales premarital sex;mantener relaciones prematrimoniales to have premarital sex;relaciones sexuales sexual relations7.relaciones [contactos] contacts, connections;tener buenas relaciones to be well connected8. Mat ratio♦ nmf invrelaciones públicas [persona] public relations officer, PR officer* * *f1 relationship;la relación calidad-precio es muy buena it’s good value for money;relación causa-efecto cause and effect relationship;mantener relaciones (amorosas) con alguien have an affair with s.o.2 ( conexión) relation;no guardar relación con bear no relation to;con oen relación a with o in relation to* * *1) : relation, connection, relevance2) : relationship3) relato: account4) lista: list5)en relación con : in relation to, concerning6)relacionespúblicas : public relations* * *relación n1. (trato) relationship2. (correspondencia, unión) connectioncon relación a / en relación con with regard to / in relation to -
6 molestar
v.1 to bother.perdone que le moleste… I'm sorry to bother you…¿le molesta que fume? do you mind if I smoke?Sus palabras acedaron a María His words Maryoyed Mary.2 to upset.me molestó que no me saludaras I was rather upset that you didn't say hello to me3 to be bothered by.Me molesta ese ruido I am bothered by that noise.4 to ail.* * *1 (interrumpir) to disturb■ no lo molestes, que está durmiendo don't disturb him, he's asleep2 (perturbar) to bother, annoy, upset3 (importunar) to pester■ ¡deja de molestarme ya! stop pestering me!4 (hacer daño - apretar) to hurt, be too tight; (- picar) to irritate5 (ofender) to upset1 (tomarse la molestia) to bother■ no se moleste en venir, ya se lo mandaremos a casa don't bother coming, we'll send it round to you2 (ofenderse) to take offence* * *verb1) to annoy, bother2) disturb3) trouble•* * *1. VT1) (=importunar) to bother, annoy¿no la estarán molestando, verdad? — they're not bothering o annoying you, are they?
no la molestes más con tus tonterías — stop pestering o bothering o annoying her with your silly games
2) (=interrumpir) to disturbsiento molestarte, pero necesito que me ayudes — I'm sorry to disturb o trouble o bother you, but I need your help
3) (=ofender) to upset2. VI1) (=importunar) to be a nuisancequita de en medio, que siempre estás molestando — get out of the way, you're always being a nuisance
no quisiera molestar, pero necesito hablar contigo — I don't want to bother you o be a nuisance, but I need to talk to you
me molesta mucho que me hablen así — it really annoys o irritates me when they talk to me like that
ese ruido me molesta — that noise is bothering o annoying o irritating me
me molesta el jarrón, ¿puedes apartarlo? — the vase is in the way, can you move it?
2) (=incomodar) to feel uncomfortable, bother¿te molesta el humo? — does the smoke bother you?
si le sigue molestando, acuda a su médico — if it goes on giving you trouble, see your doctor
3) (=ofender) to upset4) (=importar)[en preguntas]¿le molesta la radio? — does the radio bother you?, do you mind the radio being on?
¿te molestaría prestarme un paraguas? — would you mind lending me an umbrella?
¿le molesta que abra la ventana o si abro la ventana? — do you mind if I open the window?
3.See:* * *1.verbo transitivo1)a) ( importunar) to botherperdone que lo moleste — sorry to trouble o bother you
b) ( interrumpir) to disturb2) (ofender, disgustar) to upset2.molestar vi1) ( importunar) (+me/te/le etc)¿no te molesta ese ruido? — doesn't that noise bother you?
¿le molesta si fumo? — do you mind if I smoke?
me molesta su arrogancia — her arrogance irritates o annoys me
no me duele, pero me molesta — it doesn't hurt but it's uncomfortable
2) ( fastidiar) to be a nuisanceno quiero molestar — I don't want to be a nuisance o to cause any trouble
3.vino a ayudar pero no hizo más que molestar — he came to help, but he just made a nuisance of himself
molestarsev pron1) ( disgustarse) to get upsetse molestó por lo que le dije — he was upset o offended by what I said
2) ( tomarse el trabajo) to bother, trouble oneself (frml)no se moleste — it's all right o please, don't bother
¿para qué vas a molestarte? — why should you put yourself out?
molestarse EN + INF: ni se molestó en llamarme he didn't even bother to call me; se molestó en venir a verme — she took the trouble to come and see me
* * *= bother, irk, pester, disrupt, irritate, trouble, hassle, bug, tread on + toes, spite, annoy, nag (at), disturb, upset, niggle, importune, gall, peeve.Ex. Why bother, then, to create an alphabetical index to the classified file when you already have a printed alphabetical index to the schedules of the classification scheme?.Ex. She had been told from time to time that he seemed to derive satisfaction from needling the staff, but she had never been able to pin down specifically what he does that irks them.Ex. And there are those whom I have pestered from time to time over the past four years, and who have patiently answered my importunity.Ex. Essentially, problem patrons can be considered in three groups: (1) the dangerous or apparently dangerous; (2) the patron who disrupts readers; and (3) the nuisance whose focus is the librarian.Ex. Their education must accordingly be designed to prepare them for that future, however much this may irritate the myopics whose only concern is for the present.Ex. This is a problem that has frequently troubled teachers.Ex. Richins also included inconveniences such as special trips to complain, time and effort required to fill out form, being treated rudely, and having to hassle someone.Ex. I have a question that has been bugging me since I upgraded to ProCite 5 some time ago.Ex. For all the indisputable good the Dalai Lama does in terms of spiritual guidance, he seems reluctant to tread on any political toes.Ex. Men's abuse of children is in many instances instrumental in order to coerce or retaliate against women, echoing the Greek myth of Medea who killed her own children to spite her father.Ex. Library pests are any humans, large or microscopic beasts, library equipment or installations, or chemical and biological substances that hamper or annoy the reader.Ex. This a book that I had admired but that had nagged at me for years.Ex. Transcribe the data as found, however, if case endings are affected, if the grammatical construction of the data would be disturbed, or if one element is inseparably linked to another.Ex. Especially if the new subject is one which upsets the previous structure of relationships, it will be difficult to fit into the existing order.Ex. He was under the knife last week to treat the knee problem that has been niggling him.Ex. He was a shiftless, good-for-nothing man and his shrewish wife was constantly importuning him.Ex. It was the American attitude of superiority that galled them the most.Ex. Things like talking over the performances and cutting to commercials in the middle of performances were really peaving the people who watched.----* molestarse = stir + uneasily, get + Posesivo + knickers in a twist, get + Posesivo + panties in a bundle, begrudge, grudge, pique.* molestarse por = be bothered by, bridle at.* * *1.verbo transitivo1)a) ( importunar) to botherperdone que lo moleste — sorry to trouble o bother you
b) ( interrumpir) to disturb2) (ofender, disgustar) to upset2.molestar vi1) ( importunar) (+me/te/le etc)¿no te molesta ese ruido? — doesn't that noise bother you?
¿le molesta si fumo? — do you mind if I smoke?
me molesta su arrogancia — her arrogance irritates o annoys me
no me duele, pero me molesta — it doesn't hurt but it's uncomfortable
2) ( fastidiar) to be a nuisanceno quiero molestar — I don't want to be a nuisance o to cause any trouble
3.vino a ayudar pero no hizo más que molestar — he came to help, but he just made a nuisance of himself
molestarsev pron1) ( disgustarse) to get upsetse molestó por lo que le dije — he was upset o offended by what I said
2) ( tomarse el trabajo) to bother, trouble oneself (frml)no se moleste — it's all right o please, don't bother
¿para qué vas a molestarte? — why should you put yourself out?
molestarse EN + INF: ni se molestó en llamarme he didn't even bother to call me; se molestó en venir a verme — she took the trouble to come and see me
* * *= bother, irk, pester, disrupt, irritate, trouble, hassle, bug, tread on + toes, spite, annoy, nag (at), disturb, upset, niggle, importune, gall, peeve.Ex: Why bother, then, to create an alphabetical index to the classified file when you already have a printed alphabetical index to the schedules of the classification scheme?.
Ex: She had been told from time to time that he seemed to derive satisfaction from needling the staff, but she had never been able to pin down specifically what he does that irks them.Ex: And there are those whom I have pestered from time to time over the past four years, and who have patiently answered my importunity.Ex: Essentially, problem patrons can be considered in three groups: (1) the dangerous or apparently dangerous; (2) the patron who disrupts readers; and (3) the nuisance whose focus is the librarian.Ex: Their education must accordingly be designed to prepare them for that future, however much this may irritate the myopics whose only concern is for the present.Ex: This is a problem that has frequently troubled teachers.Ex: Richins also included inconveniences such as special trips to complain, time and effort required to fill out form, being treated rudely, and having to hassle someone.Ex: I have a question that has been bugging me since I upgraded to ProCite 5 some time ago.Ex: For all the indisputable good the Dalai Lama does in terms of spiritual guidance, he seems reluctant to tread on any political toes.Ex: Men's abuse of children is in many instances instrumental in order to coerce or retaliate against women, echoing the Greek myth of Medea who killed her own children to spite her father.Ex: Library pests are any humans, large or microscopic beasts, library equipment or installations, or chemical and biological substances that hamper or annoy the reader.Ex: This a book that I had admired but that had nagged at me for years.Ex: Transcribe the data as found, however, if case endings are affected, if the grammatical construction of the data would be disturbed, or if one element is inseparably linked to another.Ex: Especially if the new subject is one which upsets the previous structure of relationships, it will be difficult to fit into the existing order.Ex: He was under the knife last week to treat the knee problem that has been niggling him.Ex: He was a shiftless, good-for-nothing man and his shrewish wife was constantly importuning him.Ex: It was the American attitude of superiority that galled them the most.Ex: Things like talking over the performances and cutting to commercials in the middle of performances were really peaving the people who watched.* molestarse = stir + uneasily, get + Posesivo + knickers in a twist, get + Posesivo + panties in a bundle, begrudge, grudge, pique.* molestarse por = be bothered by, bridle at.* * *molestar [A1 ]vtA1 (importunar) to botherperdone que lo moleste, pero quisiera pedirle algo sorry to trouble o bother you, but I'd like to ask you something¿este señor la está molestando, señorita? is this man bothering you, Miss?2 (interrumpir) to disturbno la molestes, está estudiando don't disturb her, she's studyingque no me moleste nadie, voy a dormir un rato don't let anybody disturb me, I'm going to take a napB (ofender, disgustar) to upsetperdona si te he molestado I'm sorry if I've upset you■ molestarviA(importunar): ¿no te molesta ese ruido? doesn't that noise bother you?[ S ] se ruega no molestar please do not disturb¿le molesta si fumo? do you mind if I smoke?me molesta su arrogancia her arrogance irritates o annoys meya sabes que me molesta que hables de él you know I don't like you to talk about him, you know I get upset o it upsets me when you talk about himnunca uso pulseras, me molestan para trabajar I never wear bracelets, they get in the way when I'm workingno me duele, pero me molesta it doesn't hurt but it's uncomfortable o it bothers mesi le molesta mucho, puedo ponerle una inyección if it's very sore o painful, I could give you an injectionB (fastidiar) to be a nuisancesi vas a molestar, te vas de clase if you're going to be a nuisance, you can leave the classroomvino a ayudar pero no hizo más que molestar he came to help, but he just got in the way o made a nuisance of himselfson unos niños encantadores, nunca molestan they're lovely children, they're never any trouble o they're no trouble at allno quiero molestar I don't want to be a nuisance o to get in the way o to cause any troubleA (disgustarse) to get upsetno debes molestarte, lo hizo sin querer don't get upset, he didn't mean to do itmolestarse POR algo:se molestó por algo he got upset about somethingespero que no se haya molestado por lo que le dije I hope you weren't upset o offended by what I saidmolestarse CON algn to get annoyed WITH sb, get cross WITH sb ( BrE)se molestó conmigo porque no lo invité he got annoyed o cross with me because I didn't invite him, he was put out o upset because I didn't invite himB (tomarse el trabajo) to bother, trouble oneself ( frml)no se moleste, me voy enseguida it's all right o please, don't bother o don't worry, I'm just leavingno se molesta por nadie, sólo piensa en él he doesn't bother o worry about anybody else, all he thinks about is himself¿para qué vas a molestarte? why should you put yourself out?molestarse EN + INF:ni se molestó en llamarme he didn't even bother to call mese molestó en venir hasta aquí a avisarnos she took the trouble to come o she went to the trouble of coming all this way to tell usyo no me voy a molestar en cocinar para ellos I'm not going to put myself out cooking for them* * *
molestar ( conjugate molestar) verbo transitivo
1
◊ perdone que lo moleste sorry to trouble o bother you
2 (ofender, disgustar) to upset
verbo intransitivo
1 ( importunar):◊ ¿le molesta si fumo? do you mind if I smoke?;
me molesta su arrogancia her arrogance irritates o annoys me;
no me duele, pero me molesta it doesn't hurt but it's uncomfortable
2 ( fastidiar) to be a nuisance;◊ no quiero molestar I don't want to be a nuisance o to cause any trouble
molestarse verbo pronominal
1 ( disgustarse) to get upset;
molestarse POR algo to get upset about sth;
molestarse CON algn to get annoyed with sb
2 ( tomarse el trabajo) to bother, trouble oneself (frml);
se molestó en venir hasta aquí a avisarnos she took the trouble to come all this way to tell us
molestar verbo transitivo
1 (causar enojo, incomodidad) to disturb, bother: ¿le molestaría contestar a unas preguntas?, would you mind answering some questions?
me molesta que grites, it annoys me when you shout
2 (causar dolor, incomodidad) to hurt
' molestar' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
dañar
- dejar
- hartar
- jambar
- jorobar
- marear
- picar
- reventar
- ruido
- sino
- vivir
- chingar
- chocar
- chorear
- embromar
- enredar
- fastidiar
- fregar
- huevear
- importar
- joder
- nomás
- solo
English:
aggravate
- annoy
- bother
- bug
- disturb
- gall
- inconvenience
- intrude
- irk
- irritate
- nettle
- pester
- put out
- roil
- trouble
- worry
- heckler
- impose
- put
- spite
* * *♦ vt1. [perturbar] to bother;el calor no me molesta the heat doesn't bother me;esa luz tan brillante me molesta that bright light is hurting my eyes;deja ya de molestar al gato leave the cat alone;¡deja de molestarme! stop annoying me!;¿te están molestando los niños? are the children bothering you?;las moscas no paraban de molestarnos the flies were a real nuisance;¿te molesta la radio? is the radio bothering you?;¿te molesta si abro la ventana? do you mind if I open the window?;perdone que le moleste… I'm sorry to bother you…me molesta un poco la herida my wound is rather uncomfortable o a bit sore;vuelva dentro de un mes si le sigue molestando come back in a month's time if it's still troubling you3. [ofender] to upset;me molestó que no me saludaras I was rather upset that you didn't say hello to me;… todo esto dicho sin ánimo de molestar a nadie I don't want to cause anyone offence but…♦ vivámonos, aquí no hacemos más que molestar let's go, we're in the way here;deja ya de molestar con tantas preguntas stop being such a nuisance and asking all those questions;¿molesto? – no, no, pasa am I interrupting? – no, not at all, come in;no querría molestar, pero necesito hablar contigo un momento I don't want to interrupt, but I need to have a word with you;puedes aparcar el camión allí, que no molesta you can park the truck over there where it won't be in the way;no molestar [en letrero] do not disturb* * *v/t1 bother, annoy2 ( doler) trouble;no molestar do not disturb* * *molestar vt1) fastidiar: to annoy, to bother2) : to disturb, to disruptmolestar vi: to be a nuisance* * *molestar vb1. (interrumpir) to disturbno lo molestes, está descansando don't disturb him he's resting2. (importunar) to bother5. (importar) to mind¿le molesta que fume? do you mind if I smoke? -
7 Artificial Intelligence
In my opinion, none of [these programs] does even remote justice to the complexity of human mental processes. Unlike men, "artificially intelligent" programs tend to be single minded, undistractable, and unemotional. (Neisser, 1967, p. 9)Future progress in [artificial intelligence] will depend on the development of both practical and theoretical knowledge.... As regards theoretical knowledge, some have sought a unified theory of artificial intelligence. My view is that artificial intelligence is (or soon will be) an engineering discipline since its primary goal is to build things. (Nilsson, 1971, pp. vii-viii)Most workers in AI [artificial intelligence] research and in related fields confess to a pronounced feeling of disappointment in what has been achieved in the last 25 years. Workers entered the field around 1950, and even around 1960, with high hopes that are very far from being realized in 1972. In no part of the field have the discoveries made so far produced the major impact that was then promised.... In the meantime, claims and predictions regarding the potential results of AI research had been publicized which went even farther than the expectations of the majority of workers in the field, whose embarrassments have been added to by the lamentable failure of such inflated predictions....When able and respected scientists write in letters to the present author that AI, the major goal of computing science, represents "another step in the general process of evolution"; that possibilities in the 1980s include an all-purpose intelligence on a human-scale knowledge base; that awe-inspiring possibilities suggest themselves based on machine intelligence exceeding human intelligence by the year 2000 [one has the right to be skeptical]. (Lighthill, 1972, p. 17)4) Just as Astronomy Succeeded Astrology, the Discovery of Intellectual Processes in Machines Should Lead to a Science, EventuallyJust as astronomy succeeded astrology, following Kepler's discovery of planetary regularities, the discoveries of these many principles in empirical explorations on intellectual processes in machines should lead to a science, eventually. (Minsky & Papert, 1973, p. 11)5) Problems in Machine Intelligence Arise Because Things Obvious to Any Person Are Not Represented in the ProgramMany problems arise in experiments on machine intelligence because things obvious to any person are not represented in any program. One can pull with a string, but one cannot push with one.... Simple facts like these caused serious problems when Charniak attempted to extend Bobrow's "Student" program to more realistic applications, and they have not been faced up to until now. (Minsky & Papert, 1973, p. 77)What do we mean by [a symbolic] "description"? We do not mean to suggest that our descriptions must be made of strings of ordinary language words (although they might be). The simplest kind of description is a structure in which some features of a situation are represented by single ("primitive") symbols, and relations between those features are represented by other symbols-or by other features of the way the description is put together. (Minsky & Papert, 1973, p. 11)[AI is] the use of computer programs and programming techniques to cast light on the principles of intelligence in general and human thought in particular. (Boden, 1977, p. 5)The word you look for and hardly ever see in the early AI literature is the word knowledge. They didn't believe you have to know anything, you could always rework it all.... In fact 1967 is the turning point in my mind when there was enough feeling that the old ideas of general principles had to go.... I came up with an argument for what I called the primacy of expertise, and at the time I called the other guys the generalists. (Moses, quoted in McCorduck, 1979, pp. 228-229)9) Artificial Intelligence Is Psychology in a Particularly Pure and Abstract FormThe basic idea of cognitive science is that intelligent beings are semantic engines-in other words, automatic formal systems with interpretations under which they consistently make sense. We can now see why this includes psychology and artificial intelligence on a more or less equal footing: people and intelligent computers (if and when there are any) turn out to be merely different manifestations of the same underlying phenomenon. Moreover, with universal hardware, any semantic engine can in principle be formally imitated by a computer if only the right program can be found. And that will guarantee semantic imitation as well, since (given the appropriate formal behavior) the semantics is "taking care of itself" anyway. Thus we also see why, from this perspective, artificial intelligence can be regarded as psychology in a particularly pure and abstract form. The same fundamental structures are under investigation, but in AI, all the relevant parameters are under direct experimental control (in the programming), without any messy physiology or ethics to get in the way. (Haugeland, 1981b, p. 31)There are many different kinds of reasoning one might imagine:Formal reasoning involves the syntactic manipulation of data structures to deduce new ones following prespecified rules of inference. Mathematical logic is the archetypical formal representation. Procedural reasoning uses simulation to answer questions and solve problems. When we use a program to answer What is the sum of 3 and 4? it uses, or "runs," a procedural model of arithmetic. Reasoning by analogy seems to be a very natural mode of thought for humans but, so far, difficult to accomplish in AI programs. The idea is that when you ask the question Can robins fly? the system might reason that "robins are like sparrows, and I know that sparrows can fly, so robins probably can fly."Generalization and abstraction are also natural reasoning process for humans that are difficult to pin down well enough to implement in a program. If one knows that Robins have wings, that Sparrows have wings, and that Blue jays have wings, eventually one will believe that All birds have wings. This capability may be at the core of most human learning, but it has not yet become a useful technique in AI.... Meta- level reasoning is demonstrated by the way one answers the question What is Paul Newman's telephone number? You might reason that "if I knew Paul Newman's number, I would know that I knew it, because it is a notable fact." This involves using "knowledge about what you know," in particular, about the extent of your knowledge and about the importance of certain facts. Recent research in psychology and AI indicates that meta-level reasoning may play a central role in human cognitive processing. (Barr & Feigenbaum, 1981, pp. 146-147)Suffice it to say that programs already exist that can do things-or, at the very least, appear to be beginning to do things-which ill-informed critics have asserted a priori to be impossible. Examples include: perceiving in a holistic as opposed to an atomistic way; using language creatively; translating sensibly from one language to another by way of a language-neutral semantic representation; planning acts in a broad and sketchy fashion, the details being decided only in execution; distinguishing between different species of emotional reaction according to the psychological context of the subject. (Boden, 1981, p. 33)Can the synthesis of Man and Machine ever be stable, or will the purely organic component become such a hindrance that it has to be discarded? If this eventually happens-and I have... good reasons for thinking that it must-we have nothing to regret and certainly nothing to fear. (Clarke, 1984, p. 243)The thesis of GOFAI... is not that the processes underlying intelligence can be described symbolically... but that they are symbolic. (Haugeland, 1985, p. 113)14) Artificial Intelligence Provides a Useful Approach to Psychological and Psychiatric Theory FormationIt is all very well formulating psychological and psychiatric theories verbally but, when using natural language (even technical jargon), it is difficult to recognise when a theory is complete; oversights are all too easily made, gaps too readily left. This is a point which is generally recognised to be true and it is for precisely this reason that the behavioural sciences attempt to follow the natural sciences in using "classical" mathematics as a more rigorous descriptive language. However, it is an unfortunate fact that, with a few notable exceptions, there has been a marked lack of success in this application. It is my belief that a different approach-a different mathematics-is needed, and that AI provides just this approach. (Hand, quoted in Hand, 1985, pp. 6-7)We might distinguish among four kinds of AI.Research of this kind involves building and programming computers to perform tasks which, to paraphrase Marvin Minsky, would require intelligence if they were done by us. Researchers in nonpsychological AI make no claims whatsoever about the psychological realism of their programs or the devices they build, that is, about whether or not computers perform tasks as humans do.Research here is guided by the view that the computer is a useful tool in the study of mind. In particular, we can write computer programs or build devices that simulate alleged psychological processes in humans and then test our predictions about how the alleged processes work. We can weave these programs and devices together with other programs and devices that simulate different alleged mental processes and thereby test the degree to which the AI system as a whole simulates human mentality. According to weak psychological AI, working with computer models is a way of refining and testing hypotheses about processes that are allegedly realized in human minds.... According to this view, our minds are computers and therefore can be duplicated by other computers. Sherry Turkle writes that the "real ambition is of mythic proportions, making a general purpose intelligence, a mind." (Turkle, 1984, p. 240) The authors of a major text announce that "the ultimate goal of AI research is to build a person or, more humbly, an animal." (Charniak & McDermott, 1985, p. 7)Research in this field, like strong psychological AI, takes seriously the functionalist view that mentality can be realized in many different types of physical devices. Suprapsychological AI, however, accuses strong psychological AI of being chauvinisticof being only interested in human intelligence! Suprapsychological AI claims to be interested in all the conceivable ways intelligence can be realized. (Flanagan, 1991, pp. 241-242)16) Determination of Relevance of Rules in Particular ContextsEven if the [rules] were stored in a context-free form the computer still couldn't use them. To do that the computer requires rules enabling it to draw on just those [ rules] which are relevant in each particular context. Determination of relevance will have to be based on further facts and rules, but the question will again arise as to which facts and rules are relevant for making each particular determination. One could always invoke further facts and rules to answer this question, but of course these must be only the relevant ones. And so it goes. It seems that AI workers will never be able to get started here unless they can settle the problem of relevance beforehand by cataloguing types of context and listing just those facts which are relevant in each. (Dreyfus & Dreyfus, 1986, p. 80)Perhaps the single most important idea to artificial intelligence is that there is no fundamental difference between form and content, that meaning can be captured in a set of symbols such as a semantic net. (G. Johnson, 1986, p. 250)Artificial intelligence is based on the assumption that the mind can be described as some kind of formal system manipulating symbols that stand for things in the world. Thus it doesn't matter what the brain is made of, or what it uses for tokens in the great game of thinking. Using an equivalent set of tokens and rules, we can do thinking with a digital computer, just as we can play chess using cups, salt and pepper shakers, knives, forks, and spoons. Using the right software, one system (the mind) can be mapped into the other (the computer). (G. Johnson, 1986, p. 250)19) A Statement of the Primary and Secondary Purposes of Artificial IntelligenceThe primary goal of Artificial Intelligence is to make machines smarter.The secondary goals of Artificial Intelligence are to understand what intelligence is (the Nobel laureate purpose) and to make machines more useful (the entrepreneurial purpose). (Winston, 1987, p. 1)The theoretical ideas of older branches of engineering are captured in the language of mathematics. We contend that mathematical logic provides the basis for theory in AI. Although many computer scientists already count logic as fundamental to computer science in general, we put forward an even stronger form of the logic-is-important argument....AI deals mainly with the problem of representing and using declarative (as opposed to procedural) knowledge. Declarative knowledge is the kind that is expressed as sentences, and AI needs a language in which to state these sentences. Because the languages in which this knowledge usually is originally captured (natural languages such as English) are not suitable for computer representations, some other language with the appropriate properties must be used. It turns out, we think, that the appropriate properties include at least those that have been uppermost in the minds of logicians in their development of logical languages such as the predicate calculus. Thus, we think that any language for expressing knowledge in AI systems must be at least as expressive as the first-order predicate calculus. (Genesereth & Nilsson, 1987, p. viii)21) Perceptual Structures Can Be Represented as Lists of Elementary PropositionsIn artificial intelligence studies, perceptual structures are represented as assemblages of description lists, the elementary components of which are propositions asserting that certain relations hold among elements. (Chase & Simon, 1988, p. 490)Artificial intelligence (AI) is sometimes defined as the study of how to build and/or program computers to enable them to do the sorts of things that minds can do. Some of these things are commonly regarded as requiring intelligence: offering a medical diagnosis and/or prescription, giving legal or scientific advice, proving theorems in logic or mathematics. Others are not, because they can be done by all normal adults irrespective of educational background (and sometimes by non-human animals too), and typically involve no conscious control: seeing things in sunlight and shadows, finding a path through cluttered terrain, fitting pegs into holes, speaking one's own native tongue, and using one's common sense. Because it covers AI research dealing with both these classes of mental capacity, this definition is preferable to one describing AI as making computers do "things that would require intelligence if done by people." However, it presupposes that computers could do what minds can do, that they might really diagnose, advise, infer, and understand. One could avoid this problematic assumption (and also side-step questions about whether computers do things in the same way as we do) by defining AI instead as "the development of computers whose observable performance has features which in humans we would attribute to mental processes." This bland characterization would be acceptable to some AI workers, especially amongst those focusing on the production of technological tools for commercial purposes. But many others would favour a more controversial definition, seeing AI as the science of intelligence in general-or, more accurately, as the intellectual core of cognitive science. As such, its goal is to provide a systematic theory that can explain (and perhaps enable us to replicate) both the general categories of intentionality and the diverse psychological capacities grounded in them. (Boden, 1990b, pp. 1-2)Because the ability to store data somewhat corresponds to what we call memory in human beings, and because the ability to follow logical procedures somewhat corresponds to what we call reasoning in human beings, many members of the cult have concluded that what computers do somewhat corresponds to what we call thinking. It is no great difficulty to persuade the general public of that conclusion since computers process data very fast in small spaces well below the level of visibility; they do not look like other machines when they are at work. They seem to be running along as smoothly and silently as the brain does when it remembers and reasons and thinks. On the other hand, those who design and build computers know exactly how the machines are working down in the hidden depths of their semiconductors. Computers can be taken apart, scrutinized, and put back together. Their activities can be tracked, analyzed, measured, and thus clearly understood-which is far from possible with the brain. This gives rise to the tempting assumption on the part of the builders and designers that computers can tell us something about brains, indeed, that the computer can serve as a model of the mind, which then comes to be seen as some manner of information processing machine, and possibly not as good at the job as the machine. (Roszak, 1994, pp. xiv-xv)The inner workings of the human mind are far more intricate than the most complicated systems of modern technology. Researchers in the field of artificial intelligence have been attempting to develop programs that will enable computers to display intelligent behavior. Although this field has been an active one for more than thirty-five years and has had many notable successes, AI researchers still do not know how to create a program that matches human intelligence. No existing program can recall facts, solve problems, reason, learn, and process language with human facility. This lack of success has occurred not because computers are inferior to human brains but rather because we do not yet know in sufficient detail how intelligence is organized in the brain. (Anderson, 1995, p. 2)Historical dictionary of quotations in cognitive science > Artificial Intelligence
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8 ὡς
ὡς (Hom.+; loanw. in rabb.) relative adv. of the relative pron. ὅς. It is used as① a comparative particle, marking the manner in which someth. proceeds, as, likeⓐ corresponding to οὕτως=‘so, in such a way’: σωθήσεται, οὕτως ὡς διὰ πυρός he will be saved, (but only) in such a way as (one, in an attempt to save oneself, must go) through fire (and therefore suffer fr. burns) 1 Cor 3:15. τὴν ἑαυτοῦ γυναῖκα οὕτως ἀγαπάτω ὡς ἑαυτόν Eph 5:33; cp. vs. 28. ἡμέρα κυρίου ὡς κλέπτης οὕτως ἔρχεται 1 Th 5:2. The word οὕτως can also be omitted ἀσφαλίσασθε ὡς οἴδατε make it as secure as you know how = as you can Mt 27:65. ὡς οὐκ οἶδεν αὐτός (in such a way) as he himself does not know = he himself does not know how, without his knowing (just) how Mk 4:27. ὡς ἀνῆκεν (in such a way) as is fitting Col 3:18. Cp. 4:4; Eph 6:20; Tit 1:5 (cp. Just., A I, 3, 1 ὡς πρέπον ἐστίν). ὡς πᾶσα γυνὴ γεννᾷ GJs 11:2; ὡς ἀπεκαλύφθη AcPlCor 1:8.ⓑ special usesα. in ellipses (TestAbr A 12 p. 90, 22 [Stone p. 28] θρόνος … ἐξαστράπτων ὡς πῦρ; TestJob 20:3 χρήσασθαι … ὡς ἐβούλετο; JosAs 12:7 πρὸς σὲ κατέφυγον ὡς παιδίον ἐπὶ τὸν πατέρα) ἐλάλουν ὡς νήπιος I used to speak as a child (is accustomed to speak) 1 Cor 13:11a; cp. bc; Mk 10:15; Eph 6:6a; Phil 2:22; Col 3:22. ὡς τέκνα φωτὸς περιπατεῖτε walk as (is appropriate for) children of light Eph 5:8; cp. 6:6b. ὡς ἐν ἡμέρᾳ as (it is one’s duty to walk) in the daylight Ro 13:13. The Israelites went through the Red Sea ὡς διὰ ξηρᾶς γῆς as (one travels) over dry land Hb 11:29. οὐ λέγει ὡς ἐπὶ πολλῶν ἀλλʼ ὡς ἐφʼ ἑνός he speaks not as one would of a plurality (s. ἐπί 8), but as of a single thing Gal 3:16.—Ro 15:15; 1 Pt 5:3. Also referring back to οὕτως (GrBar 6:16 ὡς γὰρ τὰ δίστομα οὕτως καὶ ὁ ἀλέκτωρ μηνύει τοῖς ἐν τῷ κόσμῳ like articulate beings the rooster informs earth’s inhabitants) οὕτως τρέχω ὡς οὐκ ἀδήλως I run as (a person) with a fixed goal 1 Cor 9:26a. Cp. ibid. b; Js 2:12.β. ὡς and the words that go w. it can be the subj. or obj., of a clause: γενηθήτω σοι ὡς θέλεις let it be done (= it will be done) for you as you wish Mt 15:28. Cp. 8:13; Lk 14:22 v.l. (for ὅ; cp. ὡς τὸ θέλημά σου OdeSol 11:21). The predicate belonging to such a subj. is to be supplied in οὐχ ὡς ἐγὼ θέλω (γενηθήτω) Mt 26:39a.—ἐποίησεν ὡς προσέταξεν αὐτῷ ὁ ἄγγελος he did as (= that which) the angel commanded him (to do) Mt 1:24; cp. 26:19 (on the structure s. RPesch, BZ 10, ’66, 220–45; 11, ’67, 79–95; cp. the formula Job 42:9 and the contrasting negation Ex 1:17; s. also Ex 3:21f); 28:15.—Practically equivalent to ὅ, which is a v.l. for it Mk 14:72 (JBirdsall, NovT 2, ’58, 272–75; cp. Lk 14:22 above).γ. ἕκαστος ὡς each one as or according to what Ro 12:3; 1 Cor 3:5; 7:17ab; Rv 22:12. ὡς ἦν δυνατὸς ἕκαστος each person interpreted them as best each could Papias (2:16).δ. in indirect questions (X., Cyr. 1, 5, 11 ἀπαίδευτοι ὡς χρὴ συμμάχοις χρῆσθαι) ἐξηγοῦντο ὡς ἐγνώσθη αὐτοῖς ἐν τῇ κλάσει τοῦ ἄρτου they told how he had made himself known to them when they broke bread together Lk 24:35. Cp. Mk 12:26 v.l. (for πῶς); Lk 8:47; 23:55; Ac 10:38; 20:20; Ro 11:2; 2 Cor 7:15.② a conjunction marking a point of comparison, as. This ‘as’ can have a ‘so’ expressly corresponding to it or not, as the case may be; further, both sides of the comparison can be expressed in complete clauses, or one or even both may be abbreviated.ⓐ ὡς is correlative w. οὕτως=so. οὕτως … ὡς (so, in such a way) … as: οὐδέποτε ἐλάλησεν οὕτως ἄνθρωπος ὡς οὗτος λαλεῖ ὁ ἄνθρωπος J 7:46. ὡς … οὕτως Ac 8:32 (Is 53:7); 23:11; Ro 5:15 (ὡς τὸ παράπτωμα, οὕτως καὶ τὸ χάρισμα, both halves to be completed), 18. ὡς κοινωνοί ἐστε τῶν παθημάτων, οὕτως καὶ τῆς παρακλήσεως as you are comrades in suffering, so (shall you be) in comfort as well 2 Cor 1:7. Cp. 7:14; 11:3 v.l.—ὡς … καί as … so (Plut., Mor. 39e; Ath. 15, 2) Mt 6:10; Ac 7:51; 2 Cor 13:2; Gal 1:9; Phil 1:20.ⓑ The clause beginning w. ὡς can easily be understood and supplied in many cases; when this occurs, the noun upon which the comparison depends can often stand alone, and in these cases ὡς acts as a particle denoting comparison. οἱ δίκαιοι ἐκλάμψουσιν ὡς ὁ ἥλιος the righteous will shine out as the sun (shines) Mt 13:43. ὡς ἐπὶ λῃστὴν ἐξήλθατε συλλαβεῖν με as (one goes out) against a robber, (so) you have gone out to arrest me 26:55 (Mel., P. 79, 574 ὡς ἐπὶ φόνιον λῄστην). γίνεσθε φρόνιμοι ὡς οἱ ὄφεις be (as) wise as serpents (are) 10:16b. Cp. Lk 12:27; 21:35; 22:31; J 15:6; 2 Ti 2:17; 1 Pt 5:8.ⓒ Semitic infl. is felt in the manner in which ὡς, combined w. a subst., takes the place of a subst. or an adj.α. a substantiveא. as subj. (cp. Da 7:13 ὡς υἱὸς ἀνθρώπου ἤρχετο; cp. 10:16, 18) ἐνώπιον τοῦ θρόνου (ἦν) ὡς θάλασσα ὑαλίνη before the throne there was something like a sea of glass Rv 4:6. Cp. 8:8; 9:7a. ἀφʼ ἑνὸς ἐγενήθησαν ὡς ἡ ἄμμος from one man they have come into being as the sand, i.e. countless descendants Hb 11:12.ב. as obj. (JosAs 17:6 εἶδεν Ἀσενὲθ ὡς ἅρμα πυρός) ᾂδουσιν ὡς ᾠδὴν καινήν they were singing, as it were, a new song Rv 14:3. ἤκουσα ὡς φωνήν I heard what sounded like a shout 19:1, 6abc; cp. 6:1.β. as adjective, pred. (mostly εἶναι, γίνεσθαι ὡς; the latter also in rendering of ךְּ to express the basic reality of something: GDelling, Jüd. Lehre u. Frömmigkeit ’67, p. 58, on ParJer 9:7) ἐὰν μὴ γένησθε ὡς τὰ παιδία if you do not become child-like Mt 18:3. ὡς ἄγγελοί εἰσιν they are similar to angels 22:30. πᾶσα σὰρξ ὡς χόρτος 1 Pt 1:24. Cp. Mk 6:34; 12:25; Lk 22:26ab; Ro 9:27 (Is 10:22); 29a (Is 1:9a); 1 Cor 4:13; 7:7f, 29–31; 9:20f; 2 Pt 3:8ab (Ps 89:4); Rv 6:12ab al. (cp. GrBar 14:1 ἐγένετο φωνὴ ὡς βροντή). Sim. also ποίησόν με ὡς ἕνα τῶν μισθίων σου treat me like one of your day laborers Lk 15:19.—The adj. or adjectival expr. for which this form stands may be used as an attribute πίστιν ὡς κόκκον σινάπεως faith like a mustard seed=faith no greater than a tiny mustard seed Mt 17:20; Lk 17:6. προφήτης ὡς εἷς τῶν προφητῶν Mk 6:15. Cp. Ac 3:22; 7:37 (both Dt 18:15); 10:11; 11:5. ἐγένετο ὡς εἷς τῶν φευγόντων AcPl Ha 5, 18. ἀρνίον ὡς ἐσφαγμένον a lamb that appeared to have been slaughtered Rv 5:6.—In expressions like τρίχας ὡς τρίχας γυναικῶν 9:8a the second τρίχας can be omitted as self-evident (Ps 54:7 v.l.): ἡ φωνὴ ὡς σάλπιγγος 4:1; cp. 1:10; 9:8b; 13:2a; 14:2c; 16:3.ⓓ other noteworthy usesα. ὡς as can introduce an example ὡς καὶ Ἠλίας ἐποίησεν Lk 9:54 v.l.; cp. 1 Pt 3:6; or, in the combination ὡς γέγραπται, a scripture quotation Mk 1:2 v.l.; 7:6; Lk 3:4; Ac 13:33; cp. Ro 9:25; or even an authoritative human opinion Ac 17:28; 22:5; 25:10; or any other decisive reason Mt 5:48; 6:12 (ὡς καί).β. ὡς introduces short clauses: ὡς εἰώθει as his custom was Mk 10:1. Cp. Hs 5, 1, 2. ὡς λογίζομαι as I think 1 Pt 5:12. ὡς ἐνομίζετο as was supposed Lk 3:23 (Diog. L. 3, 2 ὡς Ἀθήνησιν ἦν λόγος [about Plato’s origin]; TestAbr A 5 p. 82, 32 [Stone p. 12] ὡς ἐμοὶ δοκεῖ; Just., A I, 6, 2 ὡς ἐδιδάχθημεν). ὡς ἦν as he was Mk 4:36. ὡς ἔφην Papias (2:15) (ApcMos 42; cp. Just., A I, 21, 6 ὡς προέφημεν).γ. The expr. οὕτως ἐστὶν ἡ βασιλεία τοῦ θεοῦ ὡς ἄνθρωπος βάλῃ τὸν σπόρον Mk 4:26 may well exhibit colloquial syntax; but some think that ἄν (so one v.l. [=ἐάν, which is read by many mss.]) once stood before ἄνθρωπος and was lost inadvertently. S. the comm., e.g. EKlostermann, Hdb. z. NT4 ’50 ad loc.; s. also Jülicher, Gleichn. 539; B-D-F §380, 4; Mlt. 185 w. notes; Rdm.2 154; Rob. 928; 968.③ marker introducing the perspective from which a pers., thing, or activity is viewed or understood as to character, function, or role, asⓐ w. focus on quality, circumstance, or roleα. as (JosAs 26:7 ἔγνω … Λευὶς … ταῦτα πάντα ὡς προφήτης; Just., A I, 7, 4 ἵνα ὡς ἄδικος κολάζηται) τί ἔτι κἀγὼ ὡς ἁμαρτωλὸς κρίνομαι; why am I still being condemned as a sinner? Ro 3:7. ὡς σοφὸς ἀρχιτέκτων 1 Cor 3:10. ὡς ἀρτιγέννητα βρέφη as newborn children (in reference to desire for maternal milk) 1 Pt 2:2. μή τις ὑμῶν πασχέτω ὡς φονεύς 4:15a; cp. b, 16.—1:14; 1 Cor 7:25; 2 Cor 6:4; Eph 5:1; Col 3:12; 1 Th 2:4, 7a.—In the oblique cases, genitive (ApcSed 16:2 ὡς νέου αὐτοῦ ἐπαράβλεπον τὰ πταίσματα αὐτοῦ; Just., A I, 14, 4 ὑμέτερον ἔστω ὡς δυνατῶν βασιλέων): τιμίῳ αἵματι ὡς ἀμνοῦ ἀμώμου Χριστοῦ with the precious blood of Christ, as of a lamb without blemish 1 Pt 1:19. δόξαν ὡς μονογενοῦς παρὰ πατρός glory as of an only-begotten son, coming from the Father J 1:14. Cp. Hb 12:27. Dative (Ath. 14, 2 θύουσιν ὡς θεοῖς; 28, 3 πιστεύειν ὡς μυθοποιῷ; Stephan. Byz. s.v. Κυνόσαργες: Ἡρακλεῖ ὡς θεῷ θύων): λαλῆσαι ὑμῖν ὡς πνευματικοῖς 1 Cor 3:1a; cp. bc; 10:15; 2 Cor 6:13; Hb 12:5; 1 Pt 2:13f; 3:7ab; 2 Pt 1:19. Accusative (JosAs 22:8 ἠγάπα αὐτὸν ὡς ἄνδρα προφήτην; Just., A I, 4, 4 τὸ ὄνομα ὡς ἔλεγχον λαμβάνετε; Tat. 27, 1 ὡς ἀθεωτάτους ἡμᾶς ἐκκηρύσσετε; Ath. 16, 4 οὐ προσκυνῶ αὐτὰ ὡς θεοὺς): οὐχ ὡς θεὸν ἐδόξασαν Ro 1:21; 1 Cor 4:14; 8:7; Tit 1:7; Phlm 16; Hb 6:19; 11:9. παρακαλῶ ὡς παροίκους καὶ παρεπιδήμους 1 Pt 2:11 (from the perspective of their conversion experience the recipients of the letter are compared to temporary residents and disenfranchised foreigners, cp. the imagery 1 Pt 1:19 above and s. παρεπίδημος and πάροικος 2).—This is prob. also the place for ὸ̔ ἐὰν ποιῆτε, ἐργάζεσθε ὡς τῷ κυρίῳ whatever you have to do, do it as work for the Lord Col 3:23. Cp. Eph 5:22. εἴ τις λαλεῖ ὡς λόγια θεοῦ if anyone preaches, (let the pers. do so) as if (engaged in proclaiming the) words of God 1 Pt 4:11a; cp. ibid. b; 2 Cor 2:17bc; Eph 6:5, 7.β. ὡς w. ptc. gives the reason for an action as one who, because (X., Cyr. 7, 5, 13 κατεγέλων τῆς πολιορκίας ὡς ἔχοντες τὰ ἐπιτήδεια; Appian, Liby. 56 §244 μέμφεσθαι τοῖς θεοῖς ὡς ἐπιβουλεύουσι=as being hostile; Polyaenus 2, 1, 1; 3, 10, 3 ὡς ἔχων=just as if he had; TestAbr B 8 p. 112, 17 [Stone p. 72] ὡς αὐτῷ ὄντι φίλῳ μου (do it for) him [Abraham] as a friend of mine; TestJob 17:5 καθʼ ἡμῶν ὡς τυραννούντων against us as though we were tyrants; ApcMos 23 ὡς νομίζοντες on the assumption that (we would not be discovered); Jos., Ant. 1, 251; Ath. 16, 1 ὁ δὲ κόσμος οὐχ ὡς δεομένου τοῦ θεοῦ γέγονεν; SIG 1168, 35); Paul says: I appealed to the Emperor οὐχ ὡς τοῦ ἔθνους μου ἔχων τι κατηγορεῖν not that I had any charge to bring against my (own) people Ac 28:19 (PCairZen 44, 23 [257 B.C.] οὐχ ὡς μενῶν=not as if it were my purpose to remain there). ὡς foll. by the gen. abs. ὡς τὰ πάντα ἡμῖν τῆς θείας δυνάμεως αὐτοῦ δεδωρημένης because his divine power has granted us everything 2 Pt 1:3. Cp. Dg. 5:16.—Only in isolated instances does ὡς show causal force when used w. a finite verb for, seeing that (PLeid 16, 1, 20; Lucian, Dial. Mort. 17, 2, end, Vit. Auct. 25; Aesop, Fab. 109 P.=148 H.; 111 H-H.: ὡς εὐθέως ἐξελεύσομαι=because; Tetrast. Iamb. 1, 6, 3; Nicetas Eugen. 6, 131 H. Cp. Herodas 10, 3: ὡς=because [with the copula ‘is’ to be supplied]) Mt 6:12 (ὡς καί as Mk 7:37 v.l.; TestDan 3:1 v.l.; the parallel Lk 11:4 has γάρ). AcPlCor 1:6 ὡς οὖν ὁ κύριος ἠλέησεν ἡμᾶς inasmuch as the Lord has shown us mercy (by permitting us). So, more oft., καθώς (q.v. 3).γ. ὡς before the predicate acc. or nom. w. certain verbs functions pleonastically and further contributes to the aspect of perspective ὡς προφήτην ἔχουσιν τὸν Ἰωάννην Mt 21:26. Cp. Lk 16:1. λογίζεσθαί τινα ὡς foll. by acc. look upon someone as 1 Cor 4:1; 2 Cor 10:2 (for this pass. s. also c below). Cp. 2 Th 3:15ab; Phil 2:7; Js 2:9.ⓑ w. focus on a conclusion existing only in someone’s imagination or based solely on someone’s assertion (PsSol 8:30; Jos., Bell. 3, 346; Just., A I, 27, 5; Mel., P. 58, 422) προσηνέγκατέ μοι τὸν ἄνθρωπον τοῦτον ὡς ἀποστρέφοντα τὸν λαόν, καὶ ἰδοὺ … you have brought this fellow before me as one who (as you claim) is misleading the people, and now … Lk 23:14. τί καυχᾶσαι ὡς μὴ λαβών; why do you boast, as though you (as you think) had not received? 1 Cor 4:7. Cp. Ac 3:12; 23:15, 20; 27:30. ὡς μὴ ἐρχομένου μου as though I were not coming (acc. to their mistaken idea) 1 Cor 4:18. ὡς μελλούσης τῆς πόλεως αἴρεσθαι assuming that the city was being destroyed AcPl Ha 5, 16.ⓒ w. focus on what is objectively false or erroneous ἐπιστολὴ ὡς διʼ ἡμῶν a letter (falsely) alleged to be from us 2 Th 2:2a (Diod S 33, 5, 5 ἔπεμψαν ὡς παρὰ τῶν πρεσβευτῶν ἐπιστολήν they sent a letter which purported to come from the emissaries; Diog. L. 10:3 falsified ἐπιστολαὶ ὡς Ἐπικούρου; Just., A, II, 5, 5 ὡς ἀπʼ αὐτοῦ σπορᾷ γενομένους υἱούς). τοὺς λογιζομένους ἡμᾶς ὡς κατὰ σάρκα περιπατοῦντας 2 Cor 10:2 (s. also aγ above). Cp. 11:17; 13:7. Israel wishes to become righteous οὐκ ἐκ πίστεως ἀλλʼ ὡς ἐξ ἔργων not through faith but through deeds (the latter way being objectively wrong) Ro 9:32 (Rdm.2 26f). ὡς ἐκ παραδόσεως ἀγράφου εἰς αὐτὸν ἥκοντα (other matters he recounts) as having reached him through unwritten tradition (Eus. about Papias) Papias (2:11).④ conj., marker of result in connection with indication of purpose=ὥστε so that (Trag., Hdt.+, though nearly always w. the inf.; so also POxy 1040, 11; PFlor 370, 10; Wsd 5:12; TestJob 39:7; ApcMos 38; Jos., Ant. 12, 229; Just., A I, 56, 2; Tat. 12, 2. W. the indic. X., Cyr. 5, 4, 11 οὕτω μοι ἐβοήθησας ὡς σέσῳσμαι; Philostrat., Vi. Apoll. 8, 7 p. 324, 25f; Jos., Bell. 3, 343; Ath. 15, 3; 22, 2) Hb 3:11; 4:3 (both Ps 94:11). ὡς αὐτὸν καθόλου τὸ φῶς μὴ βλέπειν Papias (3:2) (s. φῶς 1a). ὡς πάντας ἄχθεσθαι (s. ἄχθομαι) AcPl Ha 4, 14. ὡς πάντας … ἀγαλλιᾶσθαι 6, 31 al.⑤ marker of discourse content, that, the fact that after verbs of knowing, saying (even introducing direct discourse: Maximus Tyr. 5:4f), hearing, etc.=ὅτι that (X., An. 1, 3, 5; Menand., Sam. 590 S. [245 Kö.]; Aeneas Tact. 402; 1342; PTebt 10, 6 [119 B.C.]; 1 Km 13:11; EpArist; Philo, Op. M. 9; Jos., Ant. 7, 39; 9, 162; 15, 249 al.; Just., A I, 60, 2; Tat. 39, 2; 41, 1; Ath. 30, 4.—ORiemann, RevPhilol n.s. 6, 1882, 73–75; HKallenberg, RhM n.s. 68, 1913, 465–76; B-D-F §396) ἀναγινώσκειν Mk 12:26 v.l. (for πῶς); Lk 6:4 (w. πῶς as v.l.). μνησθῆναι Lk 24:6 (D ὅσα); cp. 22:61 (=Lat. quomodo, as in ms. c of the Old Itala; cp. Plautus, Poen. 3, 1, 54–56). ἐπίστασθαι (Jos., Ant. 7, 372) Ac 10:28; 20:18b v.l. (for πῶς). εἰδέναι (MAI 37, 1912, 183 [= Kl. T. 110, 81, 10] ἴστε ὡς [131/132 A.D.]) 1 Th 2:11a. μάρτυς ὡς Ro 1:9; Phil 1:8; 1 Th 2:10.—ὡς ὅτι s. ὅτι 5b.⑥ w. numerals, a degree that approximates a point on a scale of extent, about, approximately, nearly (Hdt., Thu. et al.; PAmh 72, 12; PTebt 381, 4 [VSchuman, ClW 28, ’34/35, 95f: pap]; Jos., Ant. 6, 95; Ruth 1:4; 1 Km 14:2; TestJob 31:2; JosAs 1:6) ὡς δισχίλιοι Mk 5:13. Cp. 8:9; Lk 1:56; 8:42; J 1:39; 4:6; 6:10, 19; 19:14, 39; 21:8; Ac 4:4; 5:7, 36; 13:18, 20; 27:37 v.l. (Hemer, Acts 149 n. 140); Rv 8:1.⑦ a relatively high point on a scale involving exclamation, how! (X., Cyr. 1, 3, 2 ὦ μῆτερ, ὡς καλός μοι ὁ πάππος! Himerius, Or. 54 [=Or. 15], 1 ὡς ἡδύ μοι τὸ θέατρον=how pleasant … ! Ps 8:2; 72:1; TestJob 7:12) ὡς ὡραῖοι οἱ πόδες τῶν εὐαγγελιζομένων ἀγαθά Ro 10:15 (cp. Is 52:7). Cp. 11:33. ὡς μεγάλη μοι ἡ σήμερον ἡμέρα GJs 19:2.⑧ temporal conjunction (B-D-F §455, 2; 3; Harnack, SBBerlAk 1908, 392).ⓐ w. the aor. when, after (Hom., Hdt. et al.; Diod S 14, 80, 1; pap [POxy 1489, 4 al.]; LXX; TestAbr B 3 p. 107, 6 [Stone p. 62]; JosAs 3:2; ParJer 3:1; ApcMos 22; Jos., Bell. 1, 445b; Just., D. 2, 4; 3, 1) ὡς ἐπλήσθησαν αἱ ἡμέραι Lk 1:23. ὡς ἐγεύσατο ὁ ἀρχιτρίκλινος J 2:9.—Lk 1:41, 44; 2:15, 39; 4:25; 5:4; 7:12; 15:25; 19:5; 22:66; 23:26; J 4:1, 40; 6:12, 16; 7:10; 11:6, 20, 29, 32f; 18:6; 19:33; 21:9; Ac 5:24; 10:7, 25; 13:29; 14:5; 16:10, 15; 17:13; 18:5; 19:21; 21:1, 12; 22:25; 27:1, 27; 28:4. AcPl Ha 3, 20.ⓑ w. pres. or impf. while, when, as long as (Menand., Fgm. 538, 2 K. ὡς ὁδοιπορεῖς; Cyrill. Scyth. [VI A.D.] ed. ESchwartz ’39 p. 143, 1; 207, 22 ὡς ἔτι εἰμί=as long as I live) ὡς ὑπάγεις μετὰ τοῦ ἀντιδίκου σου while you are going with your opponent Lk 12:58. ὡς ἐλάλει ἡμῖν, ὡς διήνοιγεν ἡμῖν τὰς γραφάς while he was talking, while he was opening the scriptures to us 24:32.—J 2:23; 8:7; 12:35f ( as long as; cp. ἕως 2a); Ac 1:10; 7:23; 9:23; 10:17; 13:25; 19:9; 21:27; 25:14; Gal 6:10 ( as long as); 2 Cl 8:1; 9:7; IRo 2:2; ISm 9:1 (all four as long as).—ὡς w. impf., and in the next clause the aor. ind. w. the same subject (Diod S 15, 45, 4 ὡς ἐθεώρουν …, συνεστήσαντο ‘when [or ‘as soon as’] they noticed …, they put together [a fleet]’; SIG 1169, 58 ὡς ἐνεκάθευδε, εἶδε ‘while he was sleeping [or ‘when he went to sleep’] [in the temple] he saw [a dream or vision]’) Mt 28:9 v.l.; J 20:11; Ac 8:36; 16:4; 22:11.— Since (Soph., Oed. R. 115; Thu. 4, 90, 3) ὡς τοῦτο γέγονεν Mk 9:21.ⓒ ὡς ἄν or ὡς ἐάν w. subjunctive of the time of an event in the future when, as soon as.α. ὡς ἄν (Hyperid. 2, 43, 4; Herodas 5, 50; Lucian, Cronosolon 11; PHib 59, 1 [c. 245 B.C.] ὡς ἂν λάβῃς; UPZ 71, 18 [152 B.C.]; PTebt 26, 2. Cp. Witkowski 87; Gen 12:12; Josh 2:14; Is 8:21; Da 3:15 Theod.; Ath. 31, 3 [ἐάν Schwartz]) Ro 15:24; 1 Cor 11:34; Phil 2:23.β. ὡς ἐάν (PFay 111, 16 [95/96 A.D.] ὡς ἐὰν βλέπῃς) 1 Cl 12:5f; Hv 3, 8, 9; 3, 13, 2.ⓓ w. the superlative ὡς τάχιστα (a bookish usage; s. B-D-F §244, 1; Rob. 669) as quickly as possible Ac 17:15 (s. ταχέως 1c).⑨ a final particle, expressing intention/purpose, with a view to, in order toⓐ w. subjunctive (Hom.+; TestAbr A 4 p. 80, 33 [Stone p. 8]; SibOr 3, 130; Synes., Hymni 3, 44 [NTerzaghi ’39]) ὡς τελειώσω in order that I might finish Ac 20:24 v.l. (s. Mlt. 249).ⓑ w. inf. (X.; Arrian [very oft.: ABoehner, De Arriani dicendi genere, diss. Erlangen 1885 p. 56]; PGen 28, 12 [II A.D.]; ZPE 8, ’71, 177: letter of M. Ant. 57, cp. 44–46; 3 Macc 1:2; Joseph.; cp. the use of the opt. Just., D. 2, 3) Lk 9:52. ὡς τελειῶσαι Ac 20:24. ὡς ἔπος εἰπεῖν Hb 7:9 (s. ἔπος).ⓒ used w. prepositions to indicate the direction intended (Soph., Thu., X. [Kühner-G. I 472 note 1]; Polyb. 1, 29, 1; LRadermacher, Philol 60, 1901, 495f) πορεύεσθαι ὡς ἐπὶ τὴν θάλασσαν Ac 17:14 v.l.—WStählin, Symbolon, ’58, 99–104. S. also ὡσάν, ὡσαύτως, ὡσεί 2, ὥσπερ b, ὡσπερεί, ὥστε 2b. DELG. M-M. -
9 uso
m.1 use.fuera de uso out of use, obsoletetener el uso de la palabra to have the flooruso de razón power of reason2 custom (costumbre).al uso fashionableal uso andaluz in the Andalusian style3 usage (linguistics).4 wear and tear (desgaste).pres.indicat.1st person singular (yo) present indicative of spanish verb: usar.* * ** * *noun m.1) use2) wear3) custom, usage* * *SF ABR Esp= Unión Sindical Obrera* * *1) ( utilización)a) (de producto, medicamento) use; (de máquina, material) usemétodos de uso extendido en... — methods widely used in...
de uso externo — (Farm) for external use only
b) (de idioma, expresión) useuna expresión sancionada por el uso — (frml) an expression that has gained acceptance through usage
c) (de facultad, derecho)hacer uso de la palabra — (frml) to speak
hacer uso y abuso de algo — ( de privilegio) to abuse something
2) ( de prenda)3) (utilidad, aplicación) use4) ( usanza) custom* * *= deployment, disposition, exercise, take-up, usage, use, utilisation [utilization, -USA], utility, consumption, employment, uptake, wear, delivery.Ex. In the context of this report any such policy would have to accept that speedy response to current problems requires the deployment of resources in favour of innovative information-driven programmes.Ex. The process provides an effective means of controlling such serials until a final decision has been made regarding their disposition.Ex. A poorly structured scheme requires the exercise of a good deal of initiative on the part of the indexer in order to overcome or avoid the poor structure.Ex. One of the reasons for the relatively slow take-up of microcomputers in libraries in the Philippines is the problem caused by the multitude of languages used in the island group.Ex. Changes in usage of terms over time can also present problems = Los cambios en el uso de los términos con el transcurso del tiempo también pueden presentar problemas.Ex. Systematic mnemonics is the use of the same notation for a given topic wherever that topic occurs.Ex. On occasions it is necessary to adopt an order or arrangement which leads to the efficient utilisation of space.Ex. Situations where subdivisions might have had some utility are served by the co-ordination of index terms at the search stage.Ex. The screen display formats required by cataloguing staff may be not at all suitable for public consumption.Ex. Through the employment of such implicitly derogatory terminology librarians virtually give themselves licence to disregard or downgrade the value of certain materials.Ex. The project is investigating the factors which promote or inhibit the uptake of computers in primary schools.Ex. When in use moulds were subject to severe wear which resulted in noticeable deterioration of the surface.Ex. Entry of number '21' reverses the present delivery status.----* alfabetización en el uso de la biblioteca = library literacy.* aparato para el uso de la información = information appliance.* aumento del uso = increased use.* bloque funcional para uso internacional = international use block.* bloque funcional para uso nacional = national use block.* con conocimiento básico en el uso de la biblioteca = library literate [library-literate].* con conocimiento en el uso de Internet = Internet-savvy.* condiciones de uso = terms of use.* condiciones legales de uso = legal boilerplate.* con el uso = in use, with use.* conocimientos básicos sobre el uso de las bibliotecas = library skills.* cubrir un uso = address + use.* cuchillo de un solo uso = disposable knife.* dar buen uso a Algo = put to + good use.* dar un uso = put to + purpose.* dar uso = put to + use.* dar uso a = make + use of.* de doble uso = dual-use.* de muchos usos = all-purpose.* de pago según el uso = on a pay a you use basis, on a pay as you go basis.* de poco uso = low-use.* desde el punto de vista del uso = in terms of use.* desgaste por el uso = wear and tear.* destrezas relacionadas con el uso de la información = information skills.* de un solo uso = disposable, single-use.* de uso comercial = commercially-owned.* de uso cutáneo = use + topically.* de uso externo = for external use only.* de uso flexible = hop-on/hop-off.* de uso frecuente = frequently-used.* de uso general = general-use.* de uso interno = in-house [inhouse].* de uso múltiple = all-purpose.* de uso público = publicly available.* de uso tópico = use + topically.* encuesta sobre el uso del tiempo = time-use survey.* en pleno uso de + Posesivo + facultades físicas y mentales = of (a) sound mind, of (a) sound and disposing mind and memory, mentally fit, physically and mentally fit.* en pleno uso de + Posesivo + razón = mentally fit.* en uso = in use.* estadísticas de uso = usage statistics, use statistics.* estudio de uso = use study.* facilidad de uso = usability, user-friendliness, ease of use.* formación en el uso de la biblioteca = library literacy.* frecuencia de uso = usage rate.* gastado por el uso = worn-out.* hábito de uso = usage pattern, use pattern.* hábito de uso, patrón de uso = usage pattern.* hacer buen uso de Algo = put to + good use.* hacer el mejor uso de = make + the best of.* hacer uso = put to + use.* hacer uso de = make + use of, draw on/upon, leverage, patronise [patronize, -USA], tap into, deploy.* hacer uso de influencias = pull + strings.* hacer uso de recursos = tap into + resources.* hacer uso de un conocimiento = draw on/upon + knowledge.* hacer uso personal = make + personal use.* haciendo uso de = by recourse to.* herramienta de uso de Internet = Internet appliance.* herramienta para el uso de la información = information appliance.* impuesto sobre artículos de uso y consumo = excise tax.* incremento del uso = increased use.* índice de uso = performance measure, output measure.* instrucciones de uso = use instruction.* licencia de uso = licence agreement.* mal uso = misuse, mishandling.* mediante el uso de los recursos = resource-based.* método de evaluación de un edificio en uso = post-occupancy evaluation method.* multiuso = multi-functional, multi-use [multiuse].* normas de uso = user policy.* ordenadores de uso público = PAWS (Public access workstations).* pago según el uso = pay-per-view, pay-for-use.* páguese por el uso hecho = pay-as-you-go.* para evitar su uso indebido por los niños = childproof.* para posteriores usos = for subsequent use.* para su posterior uso = for subsequent use.* para su uso posterior = for subsequent use.* para todo uso = all-purpose.* para uso comercial = commercially-owned.* para uso del profesional = professional-use.* para uso industrial = heavy-duty.* para uso personal = for personal use.* para usos posteriores = for subsequent use.* plato de un solo uso = disposable plate.* poner en uso = bring into + use, take in + use.* proteger Algo para evitar su uso indebido por los niños = childproof.* recurrir al uso de = resort to + the use of.* rentabilizar el uso = maximise + use.* ser de mucho uso = take + Nombre + a long way.* ser de un solo uso = be a one-trip pony.* ser de uso general = be in general use, be generally available.* servilleta de un solo uso = disposable napkin.* sistema de facturación por uso = cost billing system.* sistema en uso = operational system.* sustancia de uso reglamentado = controlled substance.* sustancia de uso regulado = controlled substance.* tenedor de un solo uso = disposable fork.* uso a distancia = remote use.* uso compartido = sharing.* uso compartido de la información = information sharing.* uso compartido de mesas de trabajo = hot desking.* uso compartido de recursos = resource sharing, time-sharing [timesharing].* uso de instrumentos = instrumentation.* uso de la biblioteca = library use, library usage.* uso de la colección = stock use.* uso de la letra cursiva = italicisation [italicization, -USA].* uso de las mayúsculas = capitalisation [capitalization, -USA].* uso de la tierra = land use.* uso de sustancias = substance use.* uso de un modo descuidado = bandying about.* uso diario = everyday use.* uso doméstico = domestic use.* uso excesivo = prodigality, overuse.* uso excesivo de = greed for.* uso inadecuado = misuse, mistreatment.* uso indebido = misuse.* uso normal = normal usage.* uso óptimo de los recursos = value for money.* uso personal = personal use.* uso público en la propia biblioteca = in-library use.* uso razonable = fair dealing, fair use.* uso remoto = remote use.* usos y costumbres = customs and habits.* usos y gratificaciones = uses and gratifications.* uso tópico = for external use only.* usuario que hace mucho uso del préstamo = heavy borrower.* usuario que hace poco uso del préstamo = light borrower.* usuario que hace uso del préstamo = borrower.* * *1) ( utilización)a) (de producto, medicamento) use; (de máquina, material) usemétodos de uso extendido en... — methods widely used in...
de uso externo — (Farm) for external use only
b) (de idioma, expresión) useuna expresión sancionada por el uso — (frml) an expression that has gained acceptance through usage
c) (de facultad, derecho)hacer uso de la palabra — (frml) to speak
hacer uso y abuso de algo — ( de privilegio) to abuse something
2) ( de prenda)3) (utilidad, aplicación) use4) ( usanza) custom* * *= deployment, disposition, exercise, take-up, usage, use, utilisation [utilization, -USA], utility, consumption, employment, uptake, wear, delivery.Ex: In the context of this report any such policy would have to accept that speedy response to current problems requires the deployment of resources in favour of innovative information-driven programmes.
Ex: The process provides an effective means of controlling such serials until a final decision has been made regarding their disposition.Ex: A poorly structured scheme requires the exercise of a good deal of initiative on the part of the indexer in order to overcome or avoid the poor structure.Ex: One of the reasons for the relatively slow take-up of microcomputers in libraries in the Philippines is the problem caused by the multitude of languages used in the island group.Ex: Changes in usage of terms over time can also present problems = Los cambios en el uso de los términos con el transcurso del tiempo también pueden presentar problemas.Ex: Systematic mnemonics is the use of the same notation for a given topic wherever that topic occurs.Ex: On occasions it is necessary to adopt an order or arrangement which leads to the efficient utilisation of space.Ex: Situations where subdivisions might have had some utility are served by the co-ordination of index terms at the search stage.Ex: The screen display formats required by cataloguing staff may be not at all suitable for public consumption.Ex: Through the employment of such implicitly derogatory terminology librarians virtually give themselves licence to disregard or downgrade the value of certain materials.Ex: The project is investigating the factors which promote or inhibit the uptake of computers in primary schools.Ex: When in use moulds were subject to severe wear which resulted in noticeable deterioration of the surface.Ex: Entry of number '21' reverses the present delivery status.* alfabetización en el uso de la biblioteca = library literacy.* aparato para el uso de la información = information appliance.* aumento del uso = increased use.* bloque funcional para uso internacional = international use block.* bloque funcional para uso nacional = national use block.* con conocimiento básico en el uso de la biblioteca = library literate [library-literate].* con conocimiento en el uso de Internet = Internet-savvy.* condiciones de uso = terms of use.* condiciones legales de uso = legal boilerplate.* con el uso = in use, with use.* conocimientos básicos sobre el uso de las bibliotecas = library skills.* cubrir un uso = address + use.* cuchillo de un solo uso = disposable knife.* dar buen uso a Algo = put to + good use.* dar un uso = put to + purpose.* dar uso = put to + use.* dar uso a = make + use of.* de doble uso = dual-use.* de muchos usos = all-purpose.* de pago según el uso = on a pay a you use basis, on a pay as you go basis.* de poco uso = low-use.* desde el punto de vista del uso = in terms of use.* desgaste por el uso = wear and tear.* destrezas relacionadas con el uso de la información = information skills.* de un solo uso = disposable, single-use.* de uso comercial = commercially-owned.* de uso cutáneo = use + topically.* de uso externo = for external use only.* de uso flexible = hop-on/hop-off.* de uso frecuente = frequently-used.* de uso general = general-use.* de uso interno = in-house [inhouse].* de uso múltiple = all-purpose.* de uso público = publicly available.* de uso tópico = use + topically.* encuesta sobre el uso del tiempo = time-use survey.* en pleno uso de + Posesivo + facultades físicas y mentales = of (a) sound mind, of (a) sound and disposing mind and memory, mentally fit, physically and mentally fit.* en pleno uso de + Posesivo + razón = mentally fit.* en uso = in use.* estadísticas de uso = usage statistics, use statistics.* estudio de uso = use study.* facilidad de uso = usability, user-friendliness, ease of use.* formación en el uso de la biblioteca = library literacy.* frecuencia de uso = usage rate.* gastado por el uso = worn-out.* hábito de uso = usage pattern, use pattern.* hábito de uso, patrón de uso = usage pattern.* hacer buen uso de Algo = put to + good use.* hacer el mejor uso de = make + the best of.* hacer uso = put to + use.* hacer uso de = make + use of, draw on/upon, leverage, patronise [patronize, -USA], tap into, deploy.* hacer uso de influencias = pull + strings.* hacer uso de recursos = tap into + resources.* hacer uso de un conocimiento = draw on/upon + knowledge.* hacer uso personal = make + personal use.* haciendo uso de = by recourse to.* herramienta de uso de Internet = Internet appliance.* herramienta para el uso de la información = information appliance.* impuesto sobre artículos de uso y consumo = excise tax.* incremento del uso = increased use.* índice de uso = performance measure, output measure.* instrucciones de uso = use instruction.* licencia de uso = licence agreement.* mal uso = misuse, mishandling.* mediante el uso de los recursos = resource-based.* método de evaluación de un edificio en uso = post-occupancy evaluation method.* multiuso = multi-functional, multi-use [multiuse].* normas de uso = user policy.* ordenadores de uso público = PAWS (Public access workstations).* pago según el uso = pay-per-view, pay-for-use.* páguese por el uso hecho = pay-as-you-go.* para evitar su uso indebido por los niños = childproof.* para posteriores usos = for subsequent use.* para su posterior uso = for subsequent use.* para su uso posterior = for subsequent use.* para todo uso = all-purpose.* para uso comercial = commercially-owned.* para uso del profesional = professional-use.* para uso industrial = heavy-duty.* para uso personal = for personal use.* para usos posteriores = for subsequent use.* plato de un solo uso = disposable plate.* poner en uso = bring into + use, take in + use.* proteger Algo para evitar su uso indebido por los niños = childproof.* recurrir al uso de = resort to + the use of.* rentabilizar el uso = maximise + use.* ser de mucho uso = take + Nombre + a long way.* ser de un solo uso = be a one-trip pony.* ser de uso general = be in general use, be generally available.* servilleta de un solo uso = disposable napkin.* sistema de facturación por uso = cost billing system.* sistema en uso = operational system.* sustancia de uso reglamentado = controlled substance.* sustancia de uso regulado = controlled substance.* tenedor de un solo uso = disposable fork.* uso a distancia = remote use.* uso compartido = sharing.* uso compartido de la información = information sharing.* uso compartido de mesas de trabajo = hot desking.* uso compartido de recursos = resource sharing, time-sharing [timesharing].* uso de instrumentos = instrumentation.* uso de la biblioteca = library use, library usage.* uso de la colección = stock use.* uso de la letra cursiva = italicisation [italicization, -USA].* uso de las mayúsculas = capitalisation [capitalization, -USA].* uso de la tierra = land use.* uso de sustancias = substance use.* uso de un modo descuidado = bandying about.* uso diario = everyday use.* uso doméstico = domestic use.* uso excesivo = prodigality, overuse.* uso excesivo de = greed for.* uso inadecuado = misuse, mistreatment.* uso indebido = misuse.* uso normal = normal usage.* uso óptimo de los recursos = value for money.* uso personal = personal use.* uso público en la propia biblioteca = in-library use.* uso razonable = fair dealing, fair use.* uso remoto = remote use.* usos y costumbres = customs and habits.* usos y gratificaciones = uses and gratifications.* uso tópico = for external use only.* usuario que hace mucho uso del préstamo = heavy borrower.* usuario que hace poco uso del préstamo = light borrower.* usuario que hace uso del préstamo = borrower.* * */ˈuso/(en Esp) = Unión Sindical Obrera* * *
Del verbo usar: ( conjugate usar)
uso es:
1ª persona singular (yo) presente indicativo
usó es:
3ª persona singular (él/ella/usted) pretérito indicativo
Multiple Entries:
usar
uso
usar ( conjugate usar) verbo transitivo
◊ ¿qué champú usas? what shampoo do you use?;
uso algo/a algn de or como algo to use sth/sb as sth
usarse verbo pronominal (en 3a pers) (esp AmL) ( estar de moda) [color/ropa] to be in fashion, to be popular;
uso sustantivo masculino
hacer uso de algo to use sthb) (de facultad, derecho):
hacer uso de un derecho to exercise a right;
desde que tengo uso de razón ever since I can remember;
hacer uso de la palabra (frml) to speakc) ( de prenda):
los zapatos ceden con el uso shoes give with wear
usar
I verbo transitivo
1 (hacer uso, emplear) to use: no uses mi maquinilla, don't use my razor
siempre usa el mismo método, she uses always the same method
2 (llevar ropa, perfume, etc) to wear
II vi (utilizar) to use
uso sustantivo masculino
1 use
(aplicación) se compró el ordenador, pero no le da ningún uso, he bought the computer, but he never makes use of it
(modo de aplicación) instrucciones de uso, instructions for use
uso externo/tópico, external/local application
2 (costumbre) custom
' uso' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
billón
- cada
- casarse
- como
- crema
- cuchara
- destartalar
- destino
- deterioro
- doméstica
- doméstico
- escayola
- espantosa
- espantoso
- estar
- extendida
- extendido
- externa
- externo
- gasto
- lindeza
- misma
- mismo
- mortal
- muerta
- muerto
- parecer
- permitirse
- poder
- prerrogativa
- pues
- pura
- puro
- que
- rozar
- rozarse
- sala
- si
- tal
- tópica
- tópico
- universal
- usar
- utensilio
- vaya
- ver
- verdadera
- verdadero
- vulgarización
- vulgarizar
English:
abuse
- afford
- agree
- antiallergenic
- balloon
- bed
- blind
- cease
- continue
- current
- disposable
- do
- dog-eared
- enjoy
- ever
- exclusively
- feel
- floor
- fluoride
- for
- fuck
- good
- have
- hear of
- herself
- himself
- indeed
- intend
- internal
- it
- itself
- just
- lend
- lie
- listen
- literally
- misuse
- myself
- never
- next
- nice
- not
- oneself
- only
- ourselves
- practice
- practise
- public
- quite
- ridesharing
* * *= centre-right Spanish union* * *f abr (= Unión Sindical Obrera) Spanish trade union* * *uso nm1) empleo, utilización: usede uso personal: for personal usehacer uso de: to make use of2) : wearuso y desgaste: wear and tear3) usanza: custom, usage, habital uso de: in the manner of, in the style of* * *uso n1. (en general) useel uso de la calculadora está prohibido en el examen the use of calculators is not permitted in the examel técnico me enseñó el uso del ordenador nuevo the technician showed me how to use the new computer2. (ropa, etc) wearing -
10 poder
m.1 power (mando, competencia).estar en/hacerse con el poder to be in/to seize powerpoder adquisitivo purchasing powerpoder calorífico calorific valuepoder de convicción persuasive powerstener poder de convocatoria to be a crowd-pullerel poder ejecutivo/legislativo/judicial the executive/legislature/judiciary (personas)poderes fácticos the church, military and presspoderes públicos public authoritiesEl poder corrompe a los indecisos Power corrupts the undecided.2 power, authorization.dar poderes a alguien para que haga algo to authorize somebody to do somethingpor poderes by proxypoder notarial power of attorney3 faculty.4 proxy, letter of delegation, power of attorney, letter of attorney.Ella se casó usando un poder She married using a proxy.v.1 can, to be able to.no puedo decírtelo I can't tell you, I'm unable to tell you2 can, may (tener permiso).no puedo salir por la noche I'm not allowed to o I can't go out at night¿puedo fumar aquí? may I smoke here?¿se puede? may I come in?3 can (ser capaz moralmente).no podemos portarnos así con él we can't treat him like that4 may, can (tener posibilidad, ser posible).puede estallar la guerra war could o may break outpodías haber ido en tren you could have gone by train¡podría habernos invitado! she could o might have invited us! (expresa enfado)puede que llueva it may o might rain¿vendrás mañana? — puede will you come tomorrow? — I may dopuede ser perhaps, maybe5 to be stronger than.tú eres más alto, pero yo te puedo you may be taller than me, but I could still beat you up6 to can, to may, to be able to, to be apt to.Ella puede correr She is able to run.7 to might, to stand to.Ella podría surgir She might rise above.8 to be capable.* * *Present IndicativePast IndicativeFuture IndicativeConditionalPresent SubjunctiveImperfect SubjunctiveFuture SubjunctiveImperative* * *1. verb1) can2) to be able3) may2. noun m.1) power2) control3) possession4) strength, force* * *1. VERBO AUXILIAR1) (=tener la posibilidad o capacidad de)puedo hacerlo solo — I can do it on my own o by myself
¿se puede llamar por teléfono desde aquí? — can you phone from here?
no puede venir — he can't o cannot come
no ha podido venir — he couldn't come, he was unable to come
2) (=tener permiso para)puedes irte — you can o may go
¿puedo usar tu teléfono? — can o may I use your phone?
¿puedo abrir la ventana? — can o may I open the window?
aquí no se puede fumar — you aren't allowed to smoke here, you can't smoke here
3) [en peticiones]¿puedes/puede darme un vaso de agua? — can I/may I have a glass of water please?
¿me puede usted decir cuándo sale el autobús? — can o could you tell me when the bus leaves?
4) [indicando eventualidad]puede o podría estar en cualquier sitio — it could o might be anywhere
¡cuidado, te puedes hacer daño! — careful, you could o might hurt yourself!
podías haberte roto una pierna — you could o might have broken your leg
5) [indicando obligación moral]¡no pueden tratarnos así! — they can't treat us like this!
6) [en cálculos, aproximaciones]¿qué edad puede tener? — I wonder what age he is?, how old do you reckon he is?
7) [en sugerencias]8) [en reproches]¡podías habérmelo dicho! — you could o might have told me!
habría podido ser más amable — she could o might have been a bit nicer
¡al menos podrías disculparte! — you could at least say sorry!
2. VERBO INTRANSITIVO1) (=tener la posibilidad o capacidad)¡no puedo más! — (=estoy agotado) I can't go on!; (=estoy desesperado) I can't cope any more!; (=he comido mucho) I can't eat another thing!
2) (=tener permiso)¿se puede? — may I come in?
¿puedo? — may I?
3) (=tener dominio, influencia)los que pueden — those who can, those who are able
el dinero puede mucho — money can do almost anything, money talks
poder conpoder a algn: yo le puedo — I'm a match for him; [entre niños] I could have him *
¿puedes con la maleta? — can you manage the suitcase?
no puedo con él — (=no puedo controlarle) I can't handle him; (=pesa mucho) he's too heavy for me
4) [en locuciones]•
a más no poder, es tonto a más no poder — he's as stupid as they come•
no poder por menos que, no pude por menos que decirle lo que pensaba de él — I just had to tell him what I thought of himsu actitud me pudo — his attitude annoyed me o got on my nerves
3.VERBO IMPERSONALpuede (ser) (=es posible) maybe, it may be so, perhapspuede (ser) que ({+ subjun}9})¡no puede ser! — that can't be!, that's impossible!
puede (ser) que esté en la biblioteca — he could o may be in the library, perhaps he's in the library
puede (ser) que tenga uno ya — he may o might have one already
puede (ser) que no venga — he may o might not come
puede (ser) que tenga razón — she may o could be right
4. SUSTANTIVO MASCULINO1) (=capacidad, facultad) powerpoder de convocatoria, tienen un gran poder de convocatoria — they really pull in the crowds, they're real crowd-pullers *
2) (=autoridad, influencia) powerejercen un poder enorme sobre la juventud — they have a lot of power o influence over young people
no tienen poder para oponerse a estas medidas — they are not powerful enough to oppose these measures
3) (Pol)¡el pueblo al poder! — power to the people!
¡Herrera al poder! — Herrera for leader!
•
bajo el poder de algn, estar en el poder, ocupar el poder — to be in power•
el cuarto poder — the fourth estate4) (=fuerza, eficacia)este medicamento no tiene poder contra la tuberculosis — this drug is ineffective o isn't effective against tuberculosis
5) (=potestad)pl poderes powersles dieron amplios poderes para dirigir la empresa — they were given wide-ranging powers to run the company
tiene plenos poderes para intervenir en el asunto — he has full authority to intervene in the matter
6) (Jur)7) (=posesión) possessionesa información está u obra en poder de la juez — that information is in the hands of the judge, that information is in the judge's possession
•
pasar a poder de algn — to pass to sb, pass into sb's possession8) (Fís, Mec) power9) LAm (=persona) drug pusher* * *Iverbo auxiliar¿cuándo podrá darme una respuesta? — when will you be able to o when can you give me an answer?
no pudo asistir a la reunión — he was unable to o he couldn't attend the meeting
¿pudiste hacerlo sola? — were you able to do it on your own?
¿puedo servirme otro? — can o may I have another one?
¿le puedo hacer una sugerencia? — may I make a suggestion?
¿podría irme un poco más temprano hoy? — could I leave a little earlier today?
¿se puede? - adelante! — may I? - come in
3) ( expresando derecho moral)4)a) (en quejas, reproches)¿cómo pudiste hacer una cosa así? — how could you do such a thing?
podías or podrías haberme avisado — you could o might have warned me!
b) ( en sugerencias)c) ( solicitando un favor)¿puedes bajar un momento? — can you come down for a moment?
¿podrías hacerme un favor? — could you do me a favor?
poder con algo/alguien: ¿puedes con todo eso? can you manage all that?; no puedo con esta maleta I can't manage this suitcase; no pudo con el alemán y lo dejó he couldn't get to grips with German and he gave up; con este niño no hay quien pueda! this child is just impossible!; podérsela con algo — (Chi fam) to cope with something
6) (en locs)a más no poder: comió a más no poder he ate until he was fit to burst; corrimos a más no poder we ran as fast as we could; es feo a más no poder he's as ugly as they come; no poder más: estoy que no puedo más ( cansado) I'm exhausted; ( lleno) I can't eat anything else; ya no puedo más con este niño I'm at the end of my tether with this child; ya no puedo más, me está desquiciando I can't go on like this, it's driving me mad; no poder (por) menos que: no pude menos que sentirme halagado I couldn't help feeling flattered; no pudo menos que reconocer — she had no alternative but to admit
7) (fam) (+ me, te, le etc)a) ( ganar)él es más alto, pero tú le puedes — he's taller than you but you can beat him
b) (Méx) ( doler)8) (con idea de eventualidad, posibilidad)te podrías or podías haber matado — you could have killed yourself!
9) (en 3a pers)no puede ser que no lo sepa — he must know
no puede ser que ya haya terminado — he can't have finished already
si puede ser or (Esp) a poder ser — if possible
puede (ser) que tengas razón — you may o could be right
II- puede que sí, puede que no — maybe, maybe not
1)a) (control, influencia) powertiene mucho poder en el pueblo — he has a great deal of power o influence in the village
estamos/nos tiene en su poder — we are/she has us in her power
caer en poder de alguien — ciudad/país to fall to somebody
b) (Pol)tomar el poder — to take o seize power
detenta el poder desde hace 20 años — (frml) he has held power for 20 years
2) ( posesión)la carta está en poder de... — the letter is in the hands of...
obra en su poder la copia del acta — (frml) you have in your possession a copy of the minutes
3)a) (derecho, atribución)tener amplios/plenos poderes para hacer algo — to have wide-ranging powers/full authority to do something
b) (Der) ( documento) letter of authorization; ( hecho ante notario) power of attorneycasarse por poder (AmL) or (Esp) por poderes — to get married by proxy
4)a) (capacidad, facultad) powerb) (de motor, aparato) power•* * *Iverbo auxiliar¿cuándo podrá darme una respuesta? — when will you be able to o when can you give me an answer?
no pudo asistir a la reunión — he was unable to o he couldn't attend the meeting
¿pudiste hacerlo sola? — were you able to do it on your own?
¿puedo servirme otro? — can o may I have another one?
¿le puedo hacer una sugerencia? — may I make a suggestion?
¿podría irme un poco más temprano hoy? — could I leave a little earlier today?
¿se puede? - adelante! — may I? - come in
3) ( expresando derecho moral)4)a) (en quejas, reproches)¿cómo pudiste hacer una cosa así? — how could you do such a thing?
podías or podrías haberme avisado — you could o might have warned me!
b) ( en sugerencias)c) ( solicitando un favor)¿puedes bajar un momento? — can you come down for a moment?
¿podrías hacerme un favor? — could you do me a favor?
poder con algo/alguien: ¿puedes con todo eso? can you manage all that?; no puedo con esta maleta I can't manage this suitcase; no pudo con el alemán y lo dejó he couldn't get to grips with German and he gave up; con este niño no hay quien pueda! this child is just impossible!; podérsela con algo — (Chi fam) to cope with something
6) (en locs)a más no poder: comió a más no poder he ate until he was fit to burst; corrimos a más no poder we ran as fast as we could; es feo a más no poder he's as ugly as they come; no poder más: estoy que no puedo más ( cansado) I'm exhausted; ( lleno) I can't eat anything else; ya no puedo más con este niño I'm at the end of my tether with this child; ya no puedo más, me está desquiciando I can't go on like this, it's driving me mad; no poder (por) menos que: no pude menos que sentirme halagado I couldn't help feeling flattered; no pudo menos que reconocer — she had no alternative but to admit
7) (fam) (+ me, te, le etc)a) ( ganar)él es más alto, pero tú le puedes — he's taller than you but you can beat him
b) (Méx) ( doler)8) (con idea de eventualidad, posibilidad)te podrías or podías haber matado — you could have killed yourself!
9) (en 3a pers)no puede ser que no lo sepa — he must know
no puede ser que ya haya terminado — he can't have finished already
si puede ser or (Esp) a poder ser — if possible
puede (ser) que tengas razón — you may o could be right
II- puede que sí, puede que no — maybe, maybe not
1)a) (control, influencia) powertiene mucho poder en el pueblo — he has a great deal of power o influence in the village
estamos/nos tiene en su poder — we are/she has us in her power
caer en poder de alguien — ciudad/país to fall to somebody
b) (Pol)tomar el poder — to take o seize power
detenta el poder desde hace 20 años — (frml) he has held power for 20 years
2) ( posesión)la carta está en poder de... — the letter is in the hands of...
obra en su poder la copia del acta — (frml) you have in your possession a copy of the minutes
3)a) (derecho, atribución)tener amplios/plenos poderes para hacer algo — to have wide-ranging powers/full authority to do something
b) (Der) ( documento) letter of authorization; ( hecho ante notario) power of attorneycasarse por poder (AmL) or (Esp) por poderes — to get married by proxy
4)a) (capacidad, facultad) powerb) (de motor, aparato) power•* * *poder11 = force, strength, power, leverage, authority, clout, might, muscle power, power of attorney, sway.Ex: Her reason admitted the force of his arguments, but her instinct opposed it.
Ex: The strength of the acetone rinsing on the strength of the paper is investigated, and its efficiency in removing NM2P is also examined using gas liquid chromatography.Ex: She added that she felt sorry for the assistant because he had so little power.Ex: At certain times, dubious interpretations of the rules have even been used as leverage in gaining ground on matters of dispute between Community partners.Ex: One of the great virtues of networking is that it democratizes access to information and access to authority.Ex: IT executives would like to see their role in the organization elevated, giving them more ' clout', stature and visibility.Ex: Gradually many of these conquerors came to realize that, although military might was necessary to gain control over an area, sheer force of arms was not sufficient to govern effectively.Ex: Their development, particularly for replacing human muscle power, has been in parallel with that of information technology, but largely independent of it.Ex: A power of attorney is a legal instrument that is used to delegate legal authority to another.Ex: During this period Africa was influenced by external forces as the Islamic states of the north extended their sway south.* abusar del poder = lord over, lord it over.* abuso de poder = abuse of power.* altas esferas del poder, las = echelons of power, the.* ansioso de poder = power-hungry.* asumir poder = assume + power.* ceder las riendas del poder = hand over + the reins of power.* círculo de poder = circle of power.* con ansias de poder = power-hungry.* conceder poderes = give + powers.* con hambre de poder = power-hungry.* con poder = powerful.* con sed de poder = power-hungry.* control del poder = hold on power.* dar poderes = give + powers.* dejar sin poder = disempower.* división de poderes = division of powers.* ejercer poder = wield + power, exercise + power.* en el poder = in office.* equilibrio de poder = balance of power.* estructura de poder = power structure.* frecuentar los pasillos del poder = stalk + the corridors of power.* gente de poder = wielders of power, powerful people.* gobierno en el poder = ruling government.* grupo de poder = power group.* hambriento de poder = power-hungry.* igualdad de poder = parity of power.* inversión de poderes = power reversal.* jerarquía de poder = scalar chain.* llevar al poder = bring + Nombre + to power.* los poderes fáticos = the powers-that-be.* los que detentan el poder = the powers-that-be.* lucha de poderes = power struggle.* lucha por el poder = power struggle.* luchar de poderes = battle of wills.* partido en el poder, el = ruling party, the.* pasar las riendas del poder a = hand + the reins over to.* pasillos del poder, los = corridors of power, the.* perder poder = lose + power.* pérdida de poder = disempowerment.* poder adquisitivo = spending power, purchasing power, buying power.* poder colectivo = collective power.* poder curativo = healing power.* poder de atracción = drawing power.* poder de curación = healing power.* poder de discriminación = discretion.* poder de enganche = holding power.* poder del estado = state power.* poder de negociación = bargaining power.* poder de representación = power of representation.* poder de retención = holding power.* poder divino = divine power.* poder económico = economic leverage.* poder ejecutivo = chief executive, executive arm, executive power.* poder ejecutivo, el = Executive, the.* poder estatal = state power.* poder imperial = imperial power.* poder judicial = judicial arm, judicial system.* poder judicial, el = judiciary, the.* poder legal = statutory power.* poder legislativo = legislative power, legislative arm.* poder mágico = magical power, magic power.* poder notarial = power of attorney.* poder político = political power.* poder presidencial = presidential power.* poder público = public power, public authority.* poder remunerativo = earning power, earning capacity.* poder sobrenatural = supernatural power.* política del poder = power politics.* por poderes = by proxy.* posición de poder = position power.* quitar el poder = disempower.* relación de poder = power relationship.* relaciones de poder = power relations.* sediento de poder = power-hungry.* subida al poder = seizure of power.* subir al poder = rise to + power.* tener el poder = be the boss, call + the shots, call + the tune, rule + the roost.* tener el poder de = have + the power to.* tener las riendas del poder = hold + the reins of power.* tomar el poder = take + power.* tomar las riendas del poder = take + the reins of power.poder22 = be able to, be capable of, can, have + the opportunity, may, qualify for, manage to.Ex: Thus the electronic journal (e-journal) is a concept where scientists are able to input ideas and text to a computer data base for their colleagues to view, and similarly to view the work of others.
Ex: Main classes are thus only capable of precise definition in the contexts of particular classification schemes.Ex: When used by skilled abstractors this mixture of styles can achieve the maximum transmission of information, within a minimum length.Ex: Every librarian, regardless of his government's policy, has the opportunity, if he has the courage, to open the avenues of books and ideas a little wider.Ex: My second point may be a slightly tangential, but I hope it is a concrete reaction to the general tenor of Mr. Lubetzky's remarks and the general subject posed.Ex: FIAC has drawn up a list of criteria to determine whether an advice centre qualifies for membership of the Federation.Ex: Tom Hernandez tried not to show how sad he felt about his friends' leaving, and managed to keep up a cheerful facade until the party broke up.* Algo por lo que se puede cobrar = billable.* al que no se puede dejar de faltar = unmissable.* como mejor + poder = as best + Pronombre + can.* cuando antes pueda = at + Posesivo + earliest convenience.* de modo que + poder + oír = within earshot of.* en el que se puede buscar = searchable.* estar tan bueno que no se puede dejar de comer = moreish, moreish.* hacerlo lo mejor que Uno pueda = do + Posesivo + utmost.* hacer lo mejor que Uno pueda = put + Posesivo + best into.* hacer lo mejor que Uno puede = try + Posesivo + heart out.* hacer todo lo que Uno pueda = do + Posesivo + best, do + the best + Nombre + may, do + the best + Nombre + can.* hacer todo lo que Uno pueda (dado) = do + the best possible (with).* lo suficientemente lejos como para no poder oír = out of earshot.* muy bien + podría + Verbo = might + well + Verbo.* muy bien + puede + Verbo = may well + Verbo.* nada puede estar más apartado de la realidad = nothing can be further from the truth.* noche sin poder dormir = sleepless night.* no poder = be unable to, cannot, can't [cannot].* no poder aguantar a Alguien = have + it in for + Nombre.* no poder conciliar el sueño = have + trouble sleeping.* no poder dejar de mencionar = cannot but notice.* no poder dejar de recalcar la importancia de Algo = the importance of + Nombre + cannot be stressed too strongly, cannot + give + too much emphasis + to the importance of.* no poder dormir = sleeplessness.* no poder estarse quieto = have + the fidgets, fidget.* no poder evitar + Infinitivo = cannot help + Gerundio, cannot help but + Verbo.* no poder evitar mencionar = cannot but notice.* no poder hacer más que = do + little more than.* no poder permitirse = ill afford.* no poder permitirse el lujo de = ill afford.* no poder quitarse Algo de la cabeza = can't get it out of my mind.* no poderse buscar = be unsearchable.* no poderse negar que = there + be + no denying that.* no poder ver a Alguien = have + it in for + Nombre.* no poder ver Algo o Alguien = can't stand + sight.* no pude evitar notar que = couldn't help but notice (that).* no puedo aguantarlo = can't take it.* no puedo comprender = I can't get over.* No se le puede pedir peras al olmo = You can't make a silk purse out of a sow's ear.* no se puede dejar de recalcar el + Nombre + de = the + Nombre + of + Nombre + cannot be overemphasised.* no se puede dejar de recalcar el + Nombre + of = the + Nombre + of + Nombre + cannot be overstated.* no se puede dejar de recalcar la importancia de Algo = the importance of + Nombre + cannot be overemphasised, the importance of + Nombre + cannot be overstated.* personas que no pueden salir de casa = homebound, the.* poder contar con = be there for + Pronombre, be there for + Pronombre.* poder + Infinitivo = succeed in + Gerundio.* poderse afirmar que = it + be + safe to say that.* poderse contestar = be answerable.* poderse integrar en = be integrable in.* poderse localizar = be locatable.* poder utilizarse = be usable.* por el que se puede cobrar = chargeable.* puede muy bien ser = could well be.* puede muy bien ser que = it may well be that.* puede que = maybe.* puede que al final sea para bien = be a blessing in disguise.* ¿Puede repetir? = I beg your pardon?, I beg your pardon?.* que no se le puede dar un nombre = unnameable.* que no se puede conseguir = unobtainable.* que no se puede entregar = undeliverable.* que no se puede hacer cumplir = unenforceable.* que no se puede identificar con un término = unnameable.* que no se puede uno perder = unmissable.* que puede causar detención = arrestable.* que puede demostrarse = demonstrably.* que puede salir en préstamo = loanable.* que puede ser apilado = stacking.* que puede ser usado a través de la web = web-compliant.* querer es poder = where there's a will there's a way.* que se le puede dar un nombre = nameable.* que se puede arreglar = fixable.* que se puede buscar = searchable.* que se puede cambiar de tamaño = resizeable [re-sizeable].* que se puede escuchar = playable.* que se puede hacer cumplir = enforceable.* que se puede identificar con un término = nameable.* que se puede imprimir = printable.* que se puede quitar = detachable.* que se puede separar = detachable.* que se puede visualizar = viewable.* sálvese el que pueda = free-for-all.* sálvese quien pueda = the devil take the hindmost, every man for himself, let battle commence.* se puede = is to be.* siempre que uno puede dedicarle el tiempo = in + Posesivo + own time.* sin poder contenerse = helplessly.* sin poder dormir = sleepless.* sin poder extinguirlo = inextinguishably.* sin poder hacer nada = helplessly.* tan sorprendente como pueda parecer = as amazing as it seems.* todavía + poderse + escuchar los ecos de = echo + still resound from.* * *A tener la capacidad deB expresando idea de permisoC expresando un derecho moralD1 en quejas, reproches2 en sugerencias3 solicitando un favorA1 poder con algo/alguien2 el dinero lo puede todoB en locucionesC1 vencer, ganar2 dolerA con idea de eventualidadB en tercera personaA(tener la capacidad o posibilidad de): ven en cuanto puedas come as soon as you canno puedo pagar tanto I can't pay that much¿cómo que no puedes? what do you mean, you can't do it ( o you can't come etc)?no podía dejar de reír I couldn't stop laughingno va a poder venir he won't be able to come¿cuándo podrá darme una respuesta definitiva? when will you be able to o when can you give me a firm answer?no pude convencerla I couldn't persuade herno pudo asistir a la reunión he was unable to o he couldn't attend the meeting¿pudiste hacerlo sola? did you manage to do it o were you able to do it on your own?hicimos todo lo que pudimos por ayudarlos we did everything in our power o everything we could to help themno se puede valer por sí mismo he can't manage by himselfno habría podido hacerlo sin tu ayuda I wouldn't have been able to do it o I couldn't have done it without your helpno debe (de) haber podido encontrarlo she obviously couldn't find it o can't have found it¡este niño no se puede estar quieto ni un minuto! this child just won't o can't keep still for a minute!con aquel ruido no se podía trabajar it was impossible to work o you couldn't work with that noise going on¿sabes que se han prometido? — ¡no te (lo) puedo creer! do you know they're engaged? — you're joking! o I don't believe it!B(expresando idea de permiso): ¿puedo servirme otro? can o may I have another one?ya pueden volver la hoja you may turn the page over now¿me puedo ir? — ¡no señor! can o may I go? — no, you cannot o may not!¿sales a jugar? — no puedo, estoy castigada are you coming out to play? — I can't, I'm being kept in¿puedo pasar? may I come in?¿le puedo hacer una sugerencia? may I make a suggestion?¿podría irme un poco más temprano hoy? could I leave a little earlier today?por mí, puedes hacer lo que quieras as far as I'm concerned, you can do whatever you likeno puede comer sal he isn't allowed to eat salt¿quién te lo dijo, si se puede saber? who told you, may I ask?¿se puede? — ¡adelante! may I? — come inaquí no se puede fumar smoking is not allowed here, you can't smoke hereC(expresando un derecho moral): no podemos hacerle eso we can't do that to herdespués de lo que has trabajado, bien puedes tomarte un descanso you're entitled to o you deserve a rest after all the work you've donees lo menos que puedes hacer it's the least you can doD1(en quejas, reproches): ¿cómo pudiste hacer una cosa así? how could you do such a thing?¿cómo puedes ser tan ingrato? how can you be so ungrateful?podías or podrías haberme avisado you could o might have warned me!2(en sugerencias): podrías or podías pedírselo tú, a ti siempre te hace caso why don't you ask him? he always listens to youya te puedes ir haciendo a la idea you'd better start getting used to the idea3(solicitando un favor): ¿puedes bajar un momento? can you come down for a moment?¿podrías hacerme un favor? could you do me a favor?¿no puedes irte a jugar a otra parte? can't you go and play somewhere else?A1 poder CON algo/algn:¿tú puedes con todo eso? can you manage all that?no puedo con esta maleta I can't manage this suitcaseyo no puedo solo con la casa, los niños y la tienda I can't do the housework, look after the children and run the store all on my own, I can't cope with the house, the children and the store all on my ownno pudo con el alemán y lo dejó he couldn't get o come to grips with German and he gave up¡con este niño no hay quien pueda! this child is just impossible!no se la puede con el trabajo he can't cope with the job o manage the job2el dinero lo puede todo money talks, you can do anything if you have moneyB ( en locuciones):a más no poder: comió a más no poder he ate until he was fit to burstgana dinero a más no poder she's making pots of money ( colloq), she's making money hand over fistes feo a más no poder he's as ugly as they comecorrimos a más no poder we ran for all we were worth o as fast as we couldno poder más: estoy que no puedo más (de cansancio) I'm exhausteda mí no me des postre que ya no puedo más don't serve me any dessert, I can't eat anything elseya no puedo más con este niño I'm at the end of my tether with this childno podía más, y ese estúpido que no salía del cuarto de baño I was desperate o I was bursting to go and that idiot wouldn't come out of the bathroom ( colloq)ya no puedo más, me está desquiciando I can't go on like this, it's driving me madno poder (por) menos que: uno no puede menos que sentirse halagado one can't help feeling flatteredno puedo menos que expresar mi profunda decepción I feel I must say how deeply disappointed I amno pudo menos que reconocer que teníamos razón she had no alternative but to admit that we were rightC1 ( fam)(vencer, ganar): él es más alto pero tú le puedes he's taller than you but you can beat himtu papá no le puede al mío your dad's not as strong as minea gracioso no hay quien le pueda as a comic, there's no-one to beat him o he's unbeatable2( Méx fam) (doler): tu desprecio le puede mucho she's very hurt by your disdainful attitude, your disdainful attitude hurts her deeplynos pudo mucho la muerte de Julio we were greatly saddened o terribly upset by Julio's deathA(con idea de eventualidad, posibilidad): puede aparecer en cualquier momento he may turn up at any momentde él se puede esperar cualquier cosa anything's possible with himno sé dónde lo puedo haber puesto I don't know where I can have put itno hagas nada que pueda resultar sospechoso don't do anything that might look suspiciouspuede haber venido mientras no estábamos he may have come while we were outhace horas que están reunidos ¿de qué pueden estar hablando? they've been in that meeting for hours, what can they be talking about?te podrías or podías haber matado you could have killed yourself!un error así puede costar millones a mistake like that could cost millionsno podía haber estado más amable she couldn't have been kinderllaman a la puerta — ¿quién podrá ser a estas horas? there's someone at the door — who can o could it be at this time?podría volver a ocurrir it could happen againPilar no pudo haber sido it couldn't have been PilarB ( en tercera persona):¿nos habrá mentido? — no sé, puede ser do you think he lied to us? — I don't know, he may have done o it's possibleno puede ser que no lo sepa he must knowno puede ser que ya haya terminado he can't have finished alreadysi puede ser or ( Esp) a poder ser preferiría la cuarta fila if possible, I'd prefer row fourme habría gustado verlo pero no pudo ser I would have liked to see him but it wasn't possible o it wasn't to bepuede (ser) que tengas razón you may o could be rightpuede (ser) que no nos haya visto he may not have seen us¿vas a votar para ella? — puede que sí or puede are you going to vote for her? — maybe o I may¿lo vas a aceptar? — puede que sí, puede que no are you going to accept it? — maybe, maybe notA1 (control, influencia) powerel poder de la prensa the power of the presstiene mucho poder en el pueblo he has a great deal of power o influence o he is a very powerful man in the villagela Familia Real no tiene ningún poder the Royal Family has no powerConstantinopla cayó en poder de los turcos Constantinople fell to the Turksestamos/nos tiene en su poder we are/she has us in her power2 ( Pol):el poder powerestar en el poder to be in powertomar el poder to take o seize powerasumir el poder to assume powerdetenta el poder desde hace 20 años ( frml); he has held power for 20 yearslleva cuatro años en el poder he has been in power for four yearstoda la vida buscó el poder y la gloria all her life she sought power and fameel poder en la sombra the power behind the throneel poder corrompe power corruptsB(posesión): la carta está en poder de las autoridades the letter is in the hands of the authoritieshay que evitar que llegue a su poder we have to stop it falling into his handsobra en su poder la copia del acta ( frml); you have in your possession a copy of the minutesla solicitud ya pasó a poder de la oficina central the application has already been passed to our head officeC1(derecho, atribución): tiene amplios/plenos poderes para investigar el asunto he has wide-ranging powers/full authority to investigate the matterla entrega or transmisión de poderes the handing over o transmission of powerlos poderes de la junta son ilimitados the junta has unlimited powerslos poderes que le han sido conferidos the powers which have been vested in himla separación de poderes entre la Iglesia y el Estado the division o separation of power between the Church and the StateD1 (capacidad, facultad) powersu poder de convicción or de persuasión her power of persuasionel poder del amor/de la sugestión the power of love/of suggestiontiene poderes extrasensoriales he has extrasensory powers2 (de un motor, aparato) powerCompuestos:masculine absolute powermasculine (de una divisa, un sueldo) purchasing power, buying power; (de una persona, un grupo) purchasing power, spending powermasculine divine powerel poder ejecutivo the executivempl power of attorneympl:los poderes públicos the authoritiesel poder judicial the judiciaryel poder legislativo the legislature* * *
poder 1 ( conjugate poder) v aux
1 ( tener la capacidad o posibilidad de):
no puedo pagar tanto I can't pay that much;
no podía dormir I couldn't sleep;
no va a poder venir he won't be able to come;
no pudo asistir he was unable to o he couldn't attend;
¿pudiste hacerlo sola? were you able to do it on your own?
2a) ( expresando idea de permiso):◊ ¿puedo servirme otro? can o may I have another one?;
¿podría irme más temprano hoy? could I leave earlier today?;
puedes hacer lo que quieras you can do whatever you like;
no puede comer sal he isn't allowed to eat salt;
¿se puede? — ¡adelante! may I? — come in;
aquí no se puede fumar smoking is not allowed hereb) ( solicitando un favor):◊ ¿puedes bajar un momento? can you come down for a moment?;
¿podrías hacerme un favor? could you do me a favor?
3 ( expresando derecho moral):
4 (en quejas, reproches): podías or podrías haberme avisado you could o might have warned me!
( con idea de esfuerzo)
1 poder con algo/algn:◊ ¿puedes con todo eso? can you manage all that?;
no puedo con este niño I can't cope with this child;
estoy que no puedo más ( cansado) I'm exhausted;
( lleno) I can't eat anything else;
2 (con idea de eventualidad, posibilidad): te podrías or podías haber matado you could have killed yourself!;
podría volver a ocurrir it could happen again;
no pudo ser it wasn't possible;
puede (ser) que tengas razón you may o could be right;
puede que sí, puede que no maybe, maybe not
3 (Méx) ( doler):
poder 2 sustantivo masculino
1
estamos en su poder we are in her powerb) (Pol)
estar en el poder to be in power;
tomar el poder to take o seize power
2 ( posesión):◊ la carta está en poder de … the letter is in the hands of …
3
( hecho ante notario) power of attorney;
casarse por poder (AmL) or (Esp) por poderes to get married by proxy
4
poder adquisitivo purchasing power
poder 1 sustantivo masculino power
Jur por poderes, by proxy
Econ poder adquisitivo, purchasing power
poder 2
I verbo transitivo
1 (tener capacidad) to be able to, can: no puedo evitarlo, I can't help it
podías habernos avisado, you could/ might have warned us
2 (tener derecho o autorización) may, might, can
¿puedo repetir?, may I have a second helping?
no puede tomar carne de cerdo, he can't eat pork
las mujeres ya pueden votar, women can already vote
3 (uso impers) may, might: puede que la vea luego, I might see her later
puede que sí, puede que no, maybe, maybe not
II verbo intransitivo
1 to cope [con, with]: no puedo con todo, I can't cope
2 (vencer, tener más fuerza) to be stronger than
En el presente, can y to be able to son sinónimos. Sin embargo, en el pasado could significa que podías hacer algo, mientras que was o were able to significa que, además de poder hacerlo, lo hiciste: I could tell him the truth. Podía decirle la verdad (no sabemos si lo hice). I was able to tell him the truth. Fui capaz de decirle la verdad (lo hice). En el futuro solo podemos emplear to be able to: I will be able to do it tomorrow. Podré hacerlo mañana.
Para expresar posibilidad puedes usar may, could o might. La diferencia consiste en el grado de probabilidad que sugieren. Recuerda que may se refiere a hechos más probables que might o could: Puede que llueva mañana. It may rain tomorrow (crees que es posible). It might/ could rain tomorrow (crees que la posibilidad es más remota).
' poder' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
absoluta
- absoluto
- abusar
- abuso
- adquisitiva
- adquisitivo
- ámbito
- caber
- CGPJ
- concentrar
- continuismo
- desgaste
- desperdicio
- destronar
- desvelarse
- dominio
- entregar
- erótica
- excedente
- garra
- grabar
- grandeza
- idea
- informal
- judicial
- legislativa
- legislativo
- manifestarse
- mano
- obrar
- parcela
- remediar
- respirar
- sátrapa
- sed
- seducción
- someterse
- sugestión
- usurpar
- ver
- acumular
- anhelar
- ansia
- ansiar
- atribuir
- autoridad
- ávido
- ceder
- clavar
- confiar
English:
able
- abuse
- afford
- anything
- assume
- assumption
- can
- conform
- cope
- encroach
- fold
- form
- foursome
- get
- glad
- greed
- greediness
- greedy
- handle
- hungry
- lust
- make
- manage
- may
- might
- office
- out
- power
- power of attorney
- proxy
- purchasing power
- seize
- seizure
- spending power
- stick
- stranglehold
- take aside
- takeover
- unable
- use
- utmost
- whichever
- zenith
- could
- executive
- height
- helplessly
- judiciary
- lie
- peace
* * *poder1 nm1. [mando, autoridad] power;la gente con más poder en la organización the most powerful people in the organization;estar en el poder to be in power;perder el poder to lose power;el poder corrompe power corrupts;la separación de poderes the separation of powers;de poder a poder: un enfrentamiento de poder a poder a heavyweight contest;el partido se disputó de poder a poder it was a close contest between two excellent sidespoder absoluto absolute power;el poder ejecutivo [el gobierno] the executive;los poderes fácticos the centres of power in society;el poder judicial [los jueces] the judiciary;el poder legislativo [las cortes] the legislature;poderes públicos (public) authoritiesobra en su poder un documento comprometedor she has in her possession a compromising document;tienen en su poder a varios rehenes they have taken a number of hostages;el pueblo cayó en poder del enemigo the town fell to the enemy;la casa pasó a poder del banco ownership of the house was transferred to the bank3. [capacidad] power;un producto con gran poder de limpieza a very powerful cleaning product;tener poderes (paranormales) to be psychic, to have psychic powerspoder adquisitivo [de salario] purchasing o buying power; [de persona] disposable income;poder calorífico calorific value;poder de convicción persuasive powers;poder de convocatoria: [m5] tener poder de convocatoria to be a crowd-puller;Mil poder de disuasión deterrent force; Mil poder disuasorio deterrent force4. [autorización] power, authorization;[documento] power of attorney;dar poderes a alguien para que haga algo to authorize sb to do sth;tener plenos poderes para hacer algo to be fully authorized to do sth;por poderes by proxy;poder notarial power of attorney [witnessed by a notary]♦ vi1. [tener facultad, capacidad] can, to be able to;no puedo decírtelo I can't tell you, I'm unable to tell you;ahora mismo no podemos atenderle, llame más tarde we can't o we are unable to take your call right now, please call later;¿puede correrse un poco, por favor? could you move up a bit, please?;al final pudo salir de allí in the end she managed to get out of there;¡así no se puede hacer nada! we'll never get anywhere like this!;de poder ir, sería a partir de las siete if I manage to o can make it, it will be after seven;en cuanto pueda as soon as possible;si puedo, te llamaré I'll call you if I get the chance2. [tener permiso] can, may;no puedo salir por la noche I'm not allowed to o I can't go out at night;¿podríamos ir contigo? could we go with you?;¿podría hablar un momento con usted? could I have a word with you?;¿se pueden hacer fotos? can we o are we allowed to take photos?;¿puedo fumar aquí? may o can I smoke here?;no se puede fumar you're not allowed to smoke;¿se puede? may I come in?;¿se puede saber dónde te habías metido? might I know o would you mind telling me where you were?3. [ser capaz moralmente] can;no podemos portarnos así con él we can't treat him like that;¿cómo puedes decir una cosa así? how can you say such a thing?4. [tener posibilidad, ser posible] may, can;puede volver de un momento a otro she could come back any moment;puedo haberlo perdido I may have lost it;podías haber cogido el tren you could have caught the train;puede estallar la guerra war could o may break out;¡habría podido invitarnos!, ¡podría habernos invitado! [expresa enfado] she could o might have invited us!;[tarea, problema] to be able to cope with;¿puedes con todas las bolsas? can you manage all those bags?;no puedo con este baúl, ¿me ayudas a levantarlo? I can't lift this trunk on my own, can you give me a hand?;no poder con algo/alguien [no soportar] not to be able to stand sth/sb;no puedo con la hipocresía I can't stand hypocrisy;¡contigo no hay quien pueda! you're impossible!es avaro a más no poder he's as miserly as can be;llovía a más no poder it was absolutely pouring down;la pierna me dolía a más no poder you can't imagine how much my leg was hurting;no poder más [estar cansado] to be too tired to carry on;[estar harto de comer] to be full (up); [estar enfadado, harto] to have had enough;no pude por menos que reírme I had to laugh, I couldn't help but laugh;Fam¡ya podrás, con una máquina como esa! anyone could do it with a machine like that!;no puedo con mi alma I'm ready to drop♦ v impersonal[ser posible] may;puede que llueva it may o might rain;puede que se haya equivocado she may be wrong;¿vendrás mañana? – puede will you come tomorrow? – I may do;puede que sí o puede que no maybe, maybe not;puede ser perhaps, maybe;si puede ser, a poder ser if (at all) possible;lo siento, pero no va a poder ser I'm sorry, but it's not going to be possible;puede ser que no lo sepa she may not know;¡no puede ser que sea ya tan tarde! surely it can't be that late already!♦ vt1. [ser más fuerte que] to be stronger than;tú eres más alto, pero yo te puedo you may be taller than me, but I could still beat you up;mi coche le puede al tuyo my car is faster than yours any dayle pudo su derrota, todavía no se repone losing really got to her, she still hasn't got over it* * *I v/aux1 capacidad can, be able to;no pude hablar con ella I wasn’t able to talk to her2 permiso can, be allowed to;¿puedo ir contigo? can o may I come with you?3 posibilidad may, might;¡podías habérselo dicho! you could have o you might have told himII v/i:me puede he can beat me;es franco a más no poder fam he’s as frank as they come fam ;comimos a más no poder fam we ate to bursting point fam ;no puedo más I can’t take any more, I’ve had enough;a poder ser if possible;puede ser perhaps, maybe;¡no puede ser! it can’t be!, that can’t be right!;puede que perhaps, maybe;puede ser que no lo sepa maybe o perhaps he doesn’t know;¿se puede? can I come in?, do you mind if I come in?;no pude menos de insultarle insulting him was the least I could doen poder de alguien in s.o.’s hands;plenos poderes pl full authority sg ;por poderes, L.Am.los poder es públicos the authorities* * *poder {58} v aux1) : to be able to, canno puede hablar: he can't speakpuede llover: it may rain at any moment¿cómo puede ser?: how can that be?¿puedo ir a la fiesta?: can I go to the party?¿se puede?: may I come in?poder vi1) : to beat, to defeatcree que le puede a cualquiera: he thinks he can beat anyone2) : to be possible¿crees que vendrán? - puede (que sí): do you think they'll come? - maybe3)poder con : to cope with, to manage¡no puedo con estos niños!: I can't handle these children!4)no poder más : to have had enoughno puede más: she can't take anymore5)no poder menos que : to not be able to helpno pudo menos que asombrarse: she couldn't help but be amazedpoder nm1) : control, powerpoder adquisitivo: purchasing power2) : authorityel poder legislativo: the legislature3) : possessionestá en mi poder: it's in my hands4) : strength, forcepoder militar: military might* * *poder1 n (en general) powerpoder2 vb1. (capacidad, posibilidad) can / could / to be able to¿puedo echarte una mano? can I give you a hand?¿qué podemos comprarle? what can we buy her?¿cuándo podrás venir? when will you be able to come?2. (permiso) can / may¿puedo hablar con el jefe? can I speak to the boss?¿se puede pasar? can I come in?3. (probabilidad) may / could / mightpuede que venga, puede que no he might come, he might notpoder con to manage / to cope with -
11 eclipsar
v.to eclipse (astro, persona).Su belleza eclipsó sus sentidos Her beauty eclipsed his senses.La luna eclipsó al sol The moon eclipsed the sun.* * *1 (astro) to eclipse2 figurado to eclipse, outshine1 (astro) to be eclipsed2 figurado (desaparecer) to disappear, vanish* * *VT (Astron) to eclipse; (fig) to eclipse, outshine* * *1.verbo transitivoa) (Astron) to eclipseb) < persona> to outshine, eclipse2.eclipsarse v pron to disappear* * *= eclipse, overshadow, upstage [up-stage], dwarf, shadow.Ex. Such a reaction is, however, understandable since in the latter stages of the life-cycle, preservation of structure eclipses the original function as the dominant goal of the organization.Ex. And when the maintenance of structure is permitted to overshadow the functional performance of the institution, it will move toward extinction.Ex. An enquirer upstaged by a virtuoso parade of knowledge may be unwilling to venture into the limelight again.Ex. The author forecasts that the global market for intranet technologies will dwarf the Internet by the turn of the century.Ex. Compassion shadowed the trustee's face -- she could see he was desperate -- and compassion was in her voice as she answered: 'All right, I'll go over this afternoon'.* * *1.verbo transitivoa) (Astron) to eclipseb) < persona> to outshine, eclipse2.eclipsarse v pron to disappear* * *= eclipse, overshadow, upstage [up-stage], dwarf, shadow.Ex: Such a reaction is, however, understandable since in the latter stages of the life-cycle, preservation of structure eclipses the original function as the dominant goal of the organization.
Ex: And when the maintenance of structure is permitted to overshadow the functional performance of the institution, it will move toward extinction.Ex: An enquirer upstaged by a virtuoso parade of knowledge may be unwilling to venture into the limelight again.Ex: The author forecasts that the global market for intranet technologies will dwarf the Internet by the turn of the century.Ex: Compassion shadowed the trustee's face -- she could see he was desperate -- and compassion was in her voice as she answered: 'All right, I'll go over this afternoon'.* * *eclipsar [A1 ]vt1 ( Astron) to eclipse2 ‹persona› to outshine, eclipseto disappear* * *
eclipsar verbo transitivo
1 Astron to eclipse
2 (a los demás) to outshine: la actriz principal eclipsó al resto de los actores, the main actress outshone the rest of the actors
' eclipsar' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
sombra
English:
eclipse
- overshadow
- upstage
- out
- over
* * *♦ vt1. [astro] to eclipse2. [persona] to eclipse* * *v/t eclipse* * *eclipsar vt1) : to eclipse2) : to outshine, to surpass -
12 cascarrabias
adj.crabby, crotchety.m.&f. s&pl.1 grouch, misery guts.2 crabby person, bad-tempered person, grouch, grumpy person.* * *1 familiar grumpy person, bad-tempered person* * *SMF INV grouch ** * *Iadjetivo invariable (fam) cantankerous, grumpyIImasculino y femenino (pl cascarrabias) (fam) cantankerous o grumpy persones un viejo cascarrabias — he's a cantankerous old devil o sod (colloq)
* * *= grouchy [grouchier -comp., grouchiest -sup.], grumpy [grumpier -comp., grumpiest -sup.], curmudgeon, curmudgeonly, cantankerous, bad-tempered, crabby [crabbier -comp., crabbiest, -sup.], ornery, misery guts, grouch, sour puss.Ex. The book 'The Grouchy Ladybug' describes how a ladybug can be used to teach entomology, natural selection, comparative anatomy, food chains and symbiotic relationships.Ex. That's despite grumpy comments like those of William Hartston who said it was 'surely one of the ugliest words ever to slither its way into our dictionaries'.Ex. The most common problem suffered by curmudgeons turns out to be their circumscribed social life.Ex. Offended by the idea of an addict selling sneakers to kids, he launched into a curmudgeonly rant.Ex. To attain this order within the structure of chaos, Eros divided himself into two parts: Eros as amicable, social love and Eros as cantankerous, divisive discord.Ex. He was a brave novelist but also bad-tempered, churlish and subject to fits of rage.Ex. The normally perky and intrepid Cristina is flat out crabby these days.Ex. My mama says that alligators are ornery because they got all them teeth and no toothbrush.Ex. At the other end of the scale are misery guts, who are neither happy with their job role nor their employer.Ex. We all have a grouch in our lives and if we wake up on the wrong side of the bed or take our daily mean pill, at the very nicest, we have been described as a ' grouch'.Ex. It is no fun being around you when you are being such a sour puss.* * *Iadjetivo invariable (fam) cantankerous, grumpyIImasculino y femenino (pl cascarrabias) (fam) cantankerous o grumpy persones un viejo cascarrabias — he's a cantankerous old devil o sod (colloq)
* * *= grouchy [grouchier -comp., grouchiest -sup.], grumpy [grumpier -comp., grumpiest -sup.], curmudgeon, curmudgeonly, cantankerous, bad-tempered, crabby [crabbier -comp., crabbiest, -sup.], ornery, misery guts, grouch, sour puss.Ex: The book 'The Grouchy Ladybug' describes how a ladybug can be used to teach entomology, natural selection, comparative anatomy, food chains and symbiotic relationships.
Ex: That's despite grumpy comments like those of William Hartston who said it was 'surely one of the ugliest words ever to slither its way into our dictionaries'.Ex: The most common problem suffered by curmudgeons turns out to be their circumscribed social life.Ex: Offended by the idea of an addict selling sneakers to kids, he launched into a curmudgeonly rant.Ex: To attain this order within the structure of chaos, Eros divided himself into two parts: Eros as amicable, social love and Eros as cantankerous, divisive discord.Ex: He was a brave novelist but also bad-tempered, churlish and subject to fits of rage.Ex: The normally perky and intrepid Cristina is flat out crabby these days.Ex: My mama says that alligators are ornery because they got all them teeth and no toothbrush.Ex: At the other end of the scale are misery guts, who are neither happy with their job role nor their employer.Ex: We all have a grouch in our lives and if we wake up on the wrong side of the bed or take our daily mean pill, at the very nicest, we have been described as a ' grouch'.Ex: It is no fun being around you when you are being such a sour puss.* * *( fam); cantankerous, grumpycantankerous o grumpy person* * *
cascarrabias adjetivo invariable (fam) cantankerous, grumpy
■ sustantivo masculino y femenino (pl◊ cascarrabias) grouch (colloq)
cascarrabias
I mf inv familiar bad-tempered person
familiar misery
II adjetivo grumpy: no seas cascarrabias, don't be such a misery guts o don't be such a stick in the mud
' cascarrabias' also found in these entries:
English:
grouch
- irascible
- crank
* * *♦ adj invgrouchy, cranky;un viejo cascarrabias an old grouch, Br an old misery-guts♦ nmf invgrouch, Br misery-guts,* * *m/f inv famgrouch fam* * * -
13 no obstante
adv.nevertheless, however, none the less, nonetheless.conj.nevertheless, notwithstanding, however.prep.regardless of, in spite of, notwithstanding.* * *notwithstanding————————► adverbio1 nevertheless, however* * *= albeit (that), however, nevertheless, nonetheless, still, yet, notwithstanding, none the less, though, that being said, all this said, when all is said and doneEx. Present, classical catalog designs are elaborations, albeit considerable elaborations, of these sixteenth-century developments.Ex. However, one important feature to note about such systems is that many of them do not in fact organise knowledge or retrieve information.Ex. Nevertheless, some classes contain tables which may be used to extend the classes shown in the main schedules.Ex. Nonetheless, the editors and publisher agreed that the overall high level of the discussion justified the time, expense, and labor required to produce this work.Ex. This process is slow and the resulting picture is poor in detail; still, it does give another process of dry photography, in which the picture is finished as soon as it is taken.Ex. Yet even these indexes recognise some rules concerning the structure of headings.Ex. Notwithstanding these activities, the printed word remains an essential vehicle for transmitting information to both specialized and general audiences.Ex. These of course are everyday domestic problems, though none the less important to the enquirer.Ex. This is not to say, though, that in some countries the 'all' that is available to gather into a current national bibliography is only that which the ruling government approve of.Ex. That being said, every normal person can think of places we've worked where we were more like whiners than winners.Ex. All this said, he is a restless person, but in the active, productive sense rather than a fidget.Ex. When all is said and done, however, this great encyclopedia is now back on track after a period of confusion and frustration = No obstante, al final de cuentas esta gran enciclopedia vuelve a ser lo que era después de un periodo de confusión y frustración.* * *= albeit (that), however, nevertheless, nonetheless, still, yet, notwithstanding, none the less, though, that being said, all this said, when all is said and doneEx: Present, classical catalog designs are elaborations, albeit considerable elaborations, of these sixteenth-century developments.
Ex: However, one important feature to note about such systems is that many of them do not in fact organise knowledge or retrieve information.Ex: Nevertheless, some classes contain tables which may be used to extend the classes shown in the main schedules.Ex: Nonetheless, the editors and publisher agreed that the overall high level of the discussion justified the time, expense, and labor required to produce this work.Ex: This process is slow and the resulting picture is poor in detail; still, it does give another process of dry photography, in which the picture is finished as soon as it is taken.Ex: Yet even these indexes recognise some rules concerning the structure of headings.Ex: Notwithstanding these activities, the printed word remains an essential vehicle for transmitting information to both specialized and general audiences.Ex: These of course are everyday domestic problems, though none the less important to the enquirer.Ex: This is not to say, though, that in some countries the 'all' that is available to gather into a current national bibliography is only that which the ruling government approve of.Ex: That being said, every normal person can think of places we've worked where we were more like whiners than winners.Ex: All this said, he is a restless person, but in the active, productive sense rather than a fidget.Ex: When all is said and done, however, this great encyclopedia is now back on track after a period of confusion and frustration = No obstante, al final de cuentas esta gran enciclopedia vuelve a ser lo que era después de un periodo de confusión y frustración. -
14 romper
v.1 to break.romper algo en pedazos to break/smash/tear something to piecesEso rompe huesos That breaks bones.Su voz rompe el silencio His voice breaks the silence.2 to break.3 to break (empezar) (día).al romper el alba o día at daybreakromper a hacer algo to suddenly start doing somethingromper a llorar to burst into tearsromper a reír to burst out laughing4 to break (olas).5 to wear out.6 to break (interrumpir) (monotonía, silencio, hábito).7 to break off.Su ira rompe nuestra amistad His anger breaks off our friendship.8 to tear, to tear up.Ellos rompieron los papeles They tore the papers.* * *(pp roto,-a)2 (rajar, reventar) to split3 (gastar) to wear out4 (relaciones) to break off6 figurado (cerca, límite) to break through, break down7 (empezar) to initiate, begin8 figurado (interrumpir) to break, interrupt9 (mar, aire) to cleave1 (acabar - con algo) to break; (- con alguien) to split up, US break up2 (olas, día) to break3 (flores) to bloom, blossom1 (gen) to break2 (papel, tela) to tear, rip3 (rajarse, reventarse) to split4 (desgastarse) to wear out5 (coche) to break down\de rompe y rasga familiar resolute, determinedromper con alguien to quarrel with somebody, fall out with somebodyromper el fuego MILITAR to open fireromper el hielo figurado to break the iceromper una lanza por alguien figurado to defend somebodyromperle la cara a alguien / romperle las narices a alguien familiar to smash somebody's face inromperse por la mitad to break in half, split in half* * *verb1) to break2) smash, shatter3) rip, tear•- romper a* * *(pp roto)1. VT1) (=partir, destrozar)a) [intencionadamente] [+ juguete, mueble, cuerda] to break; [+ rama] to break, break off; [+ vaso, jarrón, cristal] to break, smashla onda expansiva rompió los cristales — the shock wave broke o smashed the windows
b) (=rasgar) [+ tela, vestido, papel] to tear, rip¡cuidado, que vas a romper las cortinas! — careful, you'll tear o rip the curtains!
se disgustó tanto con la carta que la rompió en pedazos — he was so angry about the letter that he tore o ripped it up
c) [por el uso] [+ zapatos, ropa] to wear outd) [+ barrera] (lit) to break down, break through; (fig) to break downtratan de romper barreras en el campo de la informática — they are trying to break down barriers in the area of computing
e)romper aguas —
- romper la cara a algnno haber roto un plato —
se comporta como si no hubiera roto un plato en su vida — he behaves as if butter wouldn't melt in his mouth
esquema, moldede rompe y rasga —
2) (=terminar) [+ equilibrio, silencio, maleficio, contrato] to break; [+ relaciones, amistad] to break offla patronal ha roto el pacto con los sindicatos — employers have broken the agreement with the unions
romper el servicio a algn — (Tenis) to break sb's service
3) (Mil) [+ línea, cerco] to break, break through¡rompan filas! — fall out!
4) (Agr) [+ tierra] to break, break up2. VI1) [olas] to break2) (=salir) [diente] to come through; [capullo, flor] to come outromper entre algo — to break through sth, burst through sth
los manifestantes rompieron entre el cordón de seguridad — the demonstrators broke o burst through the security cordon
3) [alba, día] to breakal romper el alba — at crack of dawn, at daybreak
4) (=empezar)romper a hacer algo — to (suddenly) start doing sth, (suddenly) start to do sth
rompió a proferir insultos contra todo el mundo — he suddenly started hurling o to hurl insults at everyone
5) (=separarse) [pareja, novios] to split upromper con — [+ novio, amante] to split up with, break up with; [+ amigo, familia] to fall out with; [+ aliado] to break off relations with; [+ tradición, costumbre, pasado] to break with; [+ imagen, tópico, leyenda] to break away from
ha roto con su novio — she has broken o split up with her boyfriend
3.See:* * *1.verbo transitivo1)a) <loza/mueble> to break; < ventana> to break, smash; <lápiz/cuerda> to break, snapb) < puerta> ( tirándola abajo) to break down; ( para que quede abierta) to break openc) <hoja/póster> ( rasgar) to tear; ( en varios pedazos) to tear upd) < camisa> to tear, split2)a) <silencio/monotonía> to break; < tranquilidad> to disturbb) <promesa/pacto> to break; <relaciones/compromiso> to break off2.romper vi1)a) olas to breakal romper el día — at daybreak, at the crack of dawn
c) ( empezar)romper A + INF — to begin o start to + inf
rompió a llorar/reír — she burst into tears/burst out laughing
2) novios to break up, split upromper CON algn — con novio to split o break up with sb
romper CON algo — con el pasado to break with sth; con tradición to break away from sth
3.de rompe y rasga — < decidir> suddenly
romperse verbo pronominala) vaso/plato to break, smash, get broken o smashed; papel to tear, rip, get torn o ripped; televisor/ascensor (RPl) to break downb) pantalones/zapatos to wear outc) (refl) <brazo/pierna> to break* * *= break, break down, rupture, rip off, fracture, rip.Ex. The document arrangement adopted is often broken, in the sense that documents in libraries are rarely shelved in one single and self-evident sequence.Ex. It describes our experience in combatting mould which grew as a result of high humidity and temperatures when the air conditioning system broke down for several days after several days of rain.Ex. In conversing with her you hadn't got to tread lightly and warily, lest at any moment you might rupture the relationship, and tumble into eternal disgrace.Ex. Within the social sciences psychology journals are the most ripped off.Ex. He will miss a month after fracturing his hand in practice.Ex. He punched her in the head and forced her to another room where he pinned her to the floor and ripped her shirt trying to remove it.----* algo que rompe la armonía = a blot on the landscape.* al romper el día = at the crack of dawn.* día + romper = day + break.* que no se rompe en mil pedazos = shatterproof.* que rompe la armonía = eyesore.* romper a carcajadas = break out with + laugh.* romper Algo en pedazos = tear + Nombre + to bits.* romper a reír = bubble over in + laugh, burst out + laughing, explode into + laughter.* romper barreras = break down + boundaries, break down + borders.* romper completamente = break off.* romper completamente con = make + a clean break with.* romper con = break out of, break through, step away from, break away from.* romper con la tradición = make + break with tradition, break with + tradition.* romper con una amenaza = slay + dragon.* romper el equilibrio = tip + the scales.* romper el hielo = break + the ice.* romper el molde tradicional = break out of + the traditional mould.* romper el silencio = break + the hush, break + silence, crack + the silence.* romper filas = break + ranks.* romper la barrera del sonido = break + the sound barrier.* romper la huelga = cross + the picket line.* romper la monotonía = relieve + monotony.* romper las barreras = breach + boundaries, breach + barriers.* romper las cadenas de la esclavitud = cast off + Posesivo + chains.* romper las ilusiones = shatter + Posesivo + hopes.* romper los esquemas = think out(side) + (of) the box.* romper los lazos con = sever + Posesivo + links with, sever + Posesivo + ties with, break + ties with.* romperse = snap off.* romperse el cuello = break + Posesivo + neck.* romperse la cabeza = puzzle + Reflexivo, scratch + Posesivo + head, rack + Posesivo + brains.* romper tajantemente con = make + a clean break with.* romper un acuerdo = sever + arrangement.* romper una lanza en favor de = stick up for.* romper una promesa = go back on, break + Posesivo + promise.* romper una relación = break off + relationship, sever + connection.* romper un lazo = sever + connection.* * *1.verbo transitivo1)a) <loza/mueble> to break; < ventana> to break, smash; <lápiz/cuerda> to break, snapb) < puerta> ( tirándola abajo) to break down; ( para que quede abierta) to break openc) <hoja/póster> ( rasgar) to tear; ( en varios pedazos) to tear upd) < camisa> to tear, split2)a) <silencio/monotonía> to break; < tranquilidad> to disturbb) <promesa/pacto> to break; <relaciones/compromiso> to break off2.romper vi1)a) olas to breakal romper el día — at daybreak, at the crack of dawn
c) ( empezar)romper A + INF — to begin o start to + inf
rompió a llorar/reír — she burst into tears/burst out laughing
2) novios to break up, split upromper CON algn — con novio to split o break up with sb
romper CON algo — con el pasado to break with sth; con tradición to break away from sth
3.de rompe y rasga — < decidir> suddenly
romperse verbo pronominala) vaso/plato to break, smash, get broken o smashed; papel to tear, rip, get torn o ripped; televisor/ascensor (RPl) to break downb) pantalones/zapatos to wear outc) (refl) <brazo/pierna> to break* * *= break, break down, rupture, rip off, fracture, rip.Ex: The document arrangement adopted is often broken, in the sense that documents in libraries are rarely shelved in one single and self-evident sequence.
Ex: It describes our experience in combatting mould which grew as a result of high humidity and temperatures when the air conditioning system broke down for several days after several days of rain.Ex: In conversing with her you hadn't got to tread lightly and warily, lest at any moment you might rupture the relationship, and tumble into eternal disgrace.Ex: Within the social sciences psychology journals are the most ripped off.Ex: He will miss a month after fracturing his hand in practice.Ex: He punched her in the head and forced her to another room where he pinned her to the floor and ripped her shirt trying to remove it.* algo que rompe la armonía = a blot on the landscape.* al romper el día = at the crack of dawn.* día + romper = day + break.* que no se rompe en mil pedazos = shatterproof.* que rompe la armonía = eyesore.* romper a carcajadas = break out with + laugh.* romper Algo en pedazos = tear + Nombre + to bits.* romper a reír = bubble over in + laugh, burst out + laughing, explode into + laughter.* romper barreras = break down + boundaries, break down + borders.* romper completamente = break off.* romper completamente con = make + a clean break with.* romper con = break out of, break through, step away from, break away from.* romper con la tradición = make + break with tradition, break with + tradition.* romper con una amenaza = slay + dragon.* romper el equilibrio = tip + the scales.* romper el hielo = break + the ice.* romper el molde tradicional = break out of + the traditional mould.* romper el silencio = break + the hush, break + silence, crack + the silence.* romper filas = break + ranks.* romper la barrera del sonido = break + the sound barrier.* romper la huelga = cross + the picket line.* romper la monotonía = relieve + monotony.* romper las barreras = breach + boundaries, breach + barriers.* romper las cadenas de la esclavitud = cast off + Posesivo + chains.* romper las ilusiones = shatter + Posesivo + hopes.* romper los esquemas = think out(side) + (of) the box.* romper los lazos con = sever + Posesivo + links with, sever + Posesivo + ties with, break + ties with.* romperse = snap off.* romperse el cuello = break + Posesivo + neck.* romperse la cabeza = puzzle + Reflexivo, scratch + Posesivo + head, rack + Posesivo + brains.* romper tajantemente con = make + a clean break with.* romper un acuerdo = sever + arrangement.* romper una lanza en favor de = stick up for.* romper una promesa = go back on, break + Posesivo + promise.* romper una relación = break off + relationship, sever + connection.* romper un lazo = sever + connection.* * *vtA1 ‹taza› to break; ‹ventana› to break, smash; ‹lápiz/cuerda› to break, snap; ‹juguete/radio/silla› to break2 ‹puerta› (tirándola abajo) to break down; (para que quede abierta) to break open3 ‹hoja/póster› (rasgar) to tear; (en varios pedazos) to tear up4 ‹camisa› to tear, splitB1 ‹silencio/monotonía› to break; ‹tranquilidad› to disturb2 ‹promesa/pacto› to break; ‹relaciones/compromiso› to break offC1 ( fam) ‹servicio› (en tenis) to break2 ( esp AmL) ‹récord› to break■ romperviA1 «olas» to break2 ( liter); «alba/día» to break; «flores» to open, burst open, come outsalimos al romper el día we left at daybreak o at the crack of dawn3(empezar): cuando rompa el hervor when it reaches boiling point, when it comes to the boil o starts to boilromper A + INF to begin o start to + INFrompió a llorar/reír she burst into tears/burst out laughingromper EN algo:romper en llanto to burst into tearsromper en sollozos to break into sobs, start sobbingB «novios» to break up, split up romper CON algn ‹con un novio› to split o break up WITH sb; ‹con un amigo› to fall out WITH sb romper CON algo ‹con el pasado› to break WITH sth; ‹con una tradición› to break away FROM sth, break WITH sthhay que romper con esas viejas creencias we have to break away from those old beliefseste verso rompe con la estructura general del poema this verse departs from the general structure of the poemde rompe y rasga: me lo dijo así, de rompe y rasga he told me like that, straight out ( colloq)no se puede decidir así de rompe y rasga you can't just decide like that on the spur of the momentmujeres de rompe y rasga strong-minded women■ romperse1 «vaso/plato» to break, smash, get broken o smashed; «papel» to tear, rip, get torn o ripped; «televisor/lavadora/ascensor» ( RPl) to break down2 «pantalones/zapatos» to wear outse me rompieron los calcetines por el talón my socks have worn through o gone through at the heel3 ‹brazo/pierna/muñeca› to breakse rompió el tobillo he broke his ankle4no se rompieron mucho con el regalo they didn't go to much trouble o expense over the gift ( colloq)* * *
romper ( conjugate romper) verbo transitivo
1
‹ ventana› to break, smash;
‹lápiz/cuerda› to break, snap
( en varios pedazos) to tear up
2
‹ tranquilidad› to disturb
‹relaciones/compromiso› to break off
verbo intransitivo
1
c) ( empezar):◊ rompió a llorar/reír she burst into tears/burst out laughing
2 [ novios] to break up, split up;
romper CON algn ‹ con novio› to split o break up with sb;
romper CON algo ‹ con el pasado› to break with sth;
‹ con tradición› to break away from sth
romperse verbo pronominal
[ papel] to tear, rip, get torn o ripped;
[televisor/ascensor] (RPl) to break down
romper
I verbo transitivo
1 to break
(un cristal, una pieza de loza) to smash, shatter
(una tela, un papel) to tear (up): rompió el contrato en pedazos, he tore the contract into pieces
2 (relaciones, una negociación) to break off
3 (una norma) to fail to fulfil, break
(una promesa, un trato) to break
4 (el ritmo, sueño, silencio) to break
II verbo intransitivo
1 (empezar el día, etc) to break: al cabo de un rato rompió a hablar, after a while she started talking
rompió a llorar, he burst into tears
2 (poner un fin) to break [con, with]: he roto con el pasado, I've broken with the past
(relaciones de pareja) rompieron hace una semana, they broke up a week ago ➣ Ver nota en break
' romper' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
acabar
- cascar
- congénere
- crisma
- dejar
- desligarse
- desordenar
- destrozar
- frágil
- hielo
- lanza
- partir
- regañar
- reñir
- echar
- espuma
- mameluco
- pacto
- promesa
- quebrar
English:
bash in
- break
- break into
- break off
- break up
- break with
- bust
- bust up
- crack
- dash
- fall out
- finish with
- ice
- monotony
- oath
- pound
- prompt
- rank
- relieve
- rupture
- sever
- smash
- snap
- snap off
- tear
- tear up
- chip
- fall
- half
- rip
- rompers
- shatter
* * *♦ vt1. [partir, fragmentar] to break;[hacer añicos] to smash; [rasgar] to tear;romper algo en pedazos to break/smash/tear sth to pieces;Mil¡rompan filas! fall out!;Famromper la baraja to get annoyed;Famo jugamos todos, o se rompe la baraja either we all play, or nobody does2. [estropear] to break3. [desgastar] to wear out4. [interrumpir] [monotonía, silencio, hábito] to break;[hilo del discurso] to break off; [tradición] to put an end to, to stop5. [terminar] to break off6. [incumplir] to break;rompió su promesa de ayudarnos she broke her promise to help us7.romper el par [en golf] to break par8.romper el servicio de alguien [en tenis] to break sb's serveno (me) rompas la paciencia you're trying my patience;muy Fam muy Famdejá de romper las pelotas o [m5] las bolas o [m5] los huevos stop being such a pain in the Br arse o US ass♦ virompió con su novia he broke up o split up with his girlfriend;ha roto con su familia she has broken off contact with her family;romper con la tradición to break with tradition;rompió con el partido she broke with the party2. [empezar] [día] to break;[hostilidades] to break out;romper a hacer algo to suddenly start doing sth;romper a llorar to burst into tears;romper a reír to burst out laughing3. [olas] to breakun cantante que rompe a singer who's all the rage;de rompe y rasga: es una mujer de rompe y rasga she's a woman who knows what she wants o knows her own mind¡no rompas! give me a break!* * *<part roto>I v/t2 relación break offII v/i1 break;romper con alguien break up with s.o.2:romper a hacer algo start doing sth, start to do sth;romper a llorar burst into tears, start crying3:hombre de rompe y rasga strong-minded man* * *romper {70} vt1) : to break, to smash2) : to rip, to tear3) : to break off (relations), to break (a contract)4) : to break through, to break down5) gastar: to wear outromper vi1) : to breakal romper del día: at the break of day2)romper a : to begin to, to burst out withromper a llorar: to burst into tears3)romper con : to break off with* * *romper vb¿quién ha roto el cristal? who broke the window? -
15 Language
Philosophy is written in that great book, the universe, which is always open, right before our eyes. But one cannot understand this book without first learning to understand the language and to know the characters in which it is written. It is written in the language of mathematics, and the characters are triangles, circles, and other figures. Without these, one cannot understand a single word of it, and just wanders in a dark labyrinth. (Galileo, 1990, p. 232)It never happens that it [a nonhuman animal] arranges its speech in various ways in order to reply appropriately to everything that may be said in its presence, as even the lowest type of man can do. (Descartes, 1970a, p. 116)It is a very remarkable fact that there are none so depraved and stupid, without even excepting idiots, that they cannot arrange different words together, forming of them a statement by which they make known their thoughts; while, on the other hand, there is no other animal, however perfect and fortunately circumstanced it may be, which can do the same. (Descartes, 1967, p. 116)Human beings do not live in the object world alone, nor alone in the world of social activity as ordinarily understood, but are very much at the mercy of the particular language which has become the medium of expression for their society. It is quite an illusion to imagine that one adjusts to reality essentially without the use of language and that language is merely an incidental means of solving specific problems of communication or reflection. The fact of the matter is that the "real world" is to a large extent unconsciously built on the language habits of the group.... We see and hear and otherwise experience very largely as we do because the language habits of our community predispose certain choices of interpretation. (Sapir, 1921, p. 75)It powerfully conditions all our thinking about social problems and processes.... No two languages are ever sufficiently similar to be considered as representing the same social reality. The worlds in which different societies live are distinct worlds, not merely the same worlds with different labels attached. (Sapir, 1985, p. 162)[A list of language games, not meant to be exhaustive:]Giving orders, and obeying them- Describing the appearance of an object, or giving its measurements- Constructing an object from a description (a drawing)Reporting an eventSpeculating about an eventForming and testing a hypothesisPresenting the results of an experiment in tables and diagramsMaking up a story; and reading itPlay actingSinging catchesGuessing riddlesMaking a joke; and telling itSolving a problem in practical arithmeticTranslating from one language into anotherLANGUAGE Asking, thanking, cursing, greeting, and praying-. (Wittgenstein, 1953, Pt. I, No. 23, pp. 11 e-12 e)We dissect nature along lines laid down by our native languages.... The world is presented in a kaleidoscopic flux of impressions which has to be organized by our minds-and this means largely by the linguistic systems in our minds.... No individual is free to describe nature with absolute impartiality but is constrained to certain modes of interpretation even while he thinks himself most free. (Whorf, 1956, pp. 153, 213-214)We dissect nature along the lines laid down by our native languages.The categories and types that we isolate from the world of phenomena we do not find there because they stare every observer in the face; on the contrary, the world is presented in a kaleidoscopic flux of impressions which has to be organized by our minds-and this means largely by the linguistic systems in our minds.... We are thus introduced to a new principle of relativity, which holds that all observers are not led by the same physical evidence to the same picture of the universe, unless their linguistic backgrounds are similar or can in some way be calibrated. (Whorf, 1956, pp. 213-214)9) The Forms of a Person's Thoughts Are Controlled by Unperceived Patterns of His Own LanguageThe forms of a person's thoughts are controlled by inexorable laws of pattern of which he is unconscious. These patterns are the unperceived intricate systematizations of his own language-shown readily enough by a candid comparison and contrast with other languages, especially those of a different linguistic family. (Whorf, 1956, p. 252)It has come to be commonly held that many utterances which look like statements are either not intended at all, or only intended in part, to record or impart straightforward information about the facts.... Many traditional philosophical perplexities have arisen through a mistake-the mistake of taking as straightforward statements of fact utterances which are either (in interesting non-grammatical ways) nonsensical or else intended as something quite different. (Austin, 1962, pp. 2-3)In general, one might define a complex of semantic components connected by logical constants as a concept. The dictionary of a language is then a system of concepts in which a phonological form and certain syntactic and morphological characteristics are assigned to each concept. This system of concepts is structured by several types of relations. It is supplemented, furthermore, by redundancy or implicational rules..., representing general properties of the whole system of concepts.... At least a relevant part of these general rules is not bound to particular languages, but represents presumably universal structures of natural languages. They are not learned, but are rather a part of the human ability to acquire an arbitrary natural language. (Bierwisch, 1970, pp. 171-172)In studying the evolution of mind, we cannot guess to what extent there are physically possible alternatives to, say, transformational generative grammar, for an organism meeting certain other physical conditions characteristic of humans. Conceivably, there are none-or very few-in which case talk about evolution of the language capacity is beside the point. (Chomsky, 1972, p. 98)[It is] truth value rather than syntactic well-formedness that chiefly governs explicit verbal reinforcement by parents-which renders mildly paradoxical the fact that the usual product of such a training schedule is an adult whose speech is highly grammatical but not notably truthful. (R. O. Brown, 1973, p. 330)he conceptual base is responsible for formally representing the concepts underlying an utterance.... A given word in a language may or may not have one or more concepts underlying it.... On the sentential level, the utterances of a given language are encoded within a syntactic structure of that language. The basic construction of the sentential level is the sentence.The next highest level... is the conceptual level. We call the basic construction of this level the conceptualization. A conceptualization consists of concepts and certain relations among those concepts. We can consider that both levels exist at the same point in time and that for any unit on one level, some corresponding realizate exists on the other level. This realizate may be null or extremely complex.... Conceptualizations may relate to other conceptualizations by nesting or other specified relationships. (Schank, 1973, pp. 191-192)The mathematics of multi-dimensional interactive spaces and lattices, the projection of "computer behavior" on to possible models of cerebral functions, the theoretical and mechanical investigation of artificial intelligence, are producing a stream of sophisticated, often suggestive ideas.But it is, I believe, fair to say that nothing put forward until now in either theoretic design or mechanical mimicry comes even remotely in reach of the most rudimentary linguistic realities. (Steiner, 1975, p. 284)The step from the simple tool to the master tool, a tool to make tools (what we would now call a machine tool), seems to me indeed to parallel the final step to human language, which I call reconstitution. It expresses in a practical and social context the same understanding of hierarchy, and shows the same analysis by function as a basis for synthesis. (Bronowski, 1977, pp. 127-128)t is the language donn eґ in which we conduct our lives.... We have no other. And the danger is that formal linguistic models, in their loosely argued analogy with the axiomatic structure of the mathematical sciences, may block perception.... It is quite conceivable that, in language, continuous induction from simple, elemental units to more complex, realistic forms is not justified. The extent and formal "undecidability" of context-and every linguistic particle above the level of the phoneme is context-bound-may make it impossible, except in the most abstract, meta-linguistic sense, to pass from "pro-verbs," "kernals," or "deep deep structures" to actual speech. (Steiner, 1975, pp. 111-113)A higher-level formal language is an abstract machine. (Weizenbaum, 1976, p. 113)Jakobson sees metaphor and metonymy as the characteristic modes of binarily opposed polarities which between them underpin the two-fold process of selection and combination by which linguistic signs are formed.... Thus messages are constructed, as Saussure said, by a combination of a "horizontal" movement, which combines words together, and a "vertical" movement, which selects the particular words from the available inventory or "inner storehouse" of the language. The combinative (or syntagmatic) process manifests itself in contiguity (one word being placed next to another) and its mode is metonymic. The selective (or associative) process manifests itself in similarity (one word or concept being "like" another) and its mode is metaphoric. The "opposition" of metaphor and metonymy therefore may be said to represent in effect the essence of the total opposition between the synchronic mode of language (its immediate, coexistent, "vertical" relationships) and its diachronic mode (its sequential, successive, lineal progressive relationships). (Hawkes, 1977, pp. 77-78)It is striking that the layered structure that man has given to language constantly reappears in his analyses of nature. (Bronowski, 1977, p. 121)First, [an ideal intertheoretic reduction] provides us with a set of rules"correspondence rules" or "bridge laws," as the standard vernacular has it-which effect a mapping of the terms of the old theory (T o) onto a subset of the expressions of the new or reducing theory (T n). These rules guide the application of those selected expressions of T n in the following way: we are free to make singular applications of their correspondencerule doppelgangers in T o....Second, and equally important, a successful reduction ideally has the outcome that, under the term mapping effected by the correspondence rules, the central principles of T o (those of semantic and systematic importance) are mapped onto general sentences of T n that are theorems of Tn. (P. Churchland, 1979, p. 81)If non-linguistic factors must be included in grammar: beliefs, attitudes, etc. [this would] amount to a rejection of the initial idealization of language as an object of study. A priori such a move cannot be ruled out, but it must be empirically motivated. If it proves to be correct, I would conclude that language is a chaos that is not worth studying.... Note that the question is not whether beliefs or attitudes, and so on, play a role in linguistic behavior and linguistic judgments... [but rather] whether distinct cognitive structures can be identified, which interact in the real use of language and linguistic judgments, the grammatical system being one of these. (Chomsky, 1979, pp. 140, 152-153)23) Language Is Inevitably Influenced by Specific Contexts of Human InteractionLanguage cannot be studied in isolation from the investigation of "rationality." It cannot afford to neglect our everyday assumptions concerning the total behavior of a reasonable person.... An integrational linguistics must recognize that human beings inhabit a communicational space which is not neatly compartmentalized into language and nonlanguage.... It renounces in advance the possibility of setting up systems of forms and meanings which will "account for" a central core of linguistic behavior irrespective of the situation and communicational purposes involved. (Harris, 1981, p. 165)By innate [linguistic knowledge], Chomsky simply means "genetically programmed." He does not literally think that children are born with language in their heads ready to be spoken. He merely claims that a "blueprint is there, which is brought into use when the child reaches a certain point in her general development. With the help of this blueprint, she analyzes the language she hears around her more readily than she would if she were totally unprepared for the strange gabbling sounds which emerge from human mouths. (Aitchison, 1987, p. 31)Looking at ourselves from the computer viewpoint, we cannot avoid seeing that natural language is our most important "programming language." This means that a vast portion of our knowledge and activity is, for us, best communicated and understood in our natural language.... One could say that natural language was our first great original artifact and, since, as we increasingly realize, languages are machines, so natural language, with our brains to run it, was our primal invention of the universal computer. One could say this except for the sneaking suspicion that language isn't something we invented but something we became, not something we constructed but something in which we created, and recreated, ourselves. (Leiber, 1991, p. 8)Historical dictionary of quotations in cognitive science > Language
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16 notable
adj.1 remarkable, outstanding.2 notable, striking, famous, appreciable.f.good mark.m.1 (pass with) credit (education).2 notable, distinguished person (person).* * *► adjetivo1 (apreciable) noticeable; (considerable, marcado) considerable, remarkable■ la diferencia entre un coche y otro es notable there's a considerable difference between one car and another2 (digno de mención) noteworthy, notable3 (ilustre) well-known1 (persona) dignitary, notable2 (calificación) mark equivalent to between 70% and 80% in the Spanish marking system* * *adj.notable, remarkable* * *1. ADJ1) (=destacado) notableuna actuación verdaderamente notable — an outstanding performance, a truly notable performance
la exposición reúne a pintores tan notables como... — the exhibition brings together such notable o distinguished painters as...
2) (=considerable) [aumento, mejoría, diferencia] significant, considerableel enfermo ha experimentado una notable mejoría — the patient has experienced a significant o considerable improvement
la disminución de la contaminación ha sido notable — there has been a significant o considerable reduction in pollution
2.he sacado un notable — ≈ I got a B
3.SMPL* * *Iadjetivo notableIIposee una notable inteligencia — she is remarkably o extremely intelligent
a) (Educ) grade between 7 and 8.5 on a scale from 1 to 10b) ( persona importante) dignitary* * *= notable, noticeable, salient, striking, worthy, noteworthy, outstandingly + Adjetivo, noted, marked, acute, of note.Ex. There are notable differences in practice between the United States and the United Kingdom.Ex. The most noticeable effect the advent of Islam had on Arab names was not so much on structure as on choice.Ex. There must be instructions explaining salient features of the index.Ex. A very striking example of this is the fact that in all our rules there is the provision that anonymous publications should be entered under the author when known.Ex. Books were kept for historical records of deeds done by the inhabitants: their worthy acts as well as their sins.Ex. It essays simply to be a list of the more important, rare or otherwise noteworthy books available.Ex. It is tempting to quote the tremendous successes of outstandingly popular authors such as Harold Robbins, James Herriot, Catherine Cookson and a relatively small number of other household names (to book readers).Ex. Planning began about 9 months before the exhibition, with the recruitment of a noted Swiss book illustrator to design the stand.Ex. It hardly needs to be said that the microcomputer is now a fact of life, but its impact upon the world of information retrieval and libraries generally has been less marked than in many other areas.Ex. In some areas of study, notably the social sciences, the problems vocabulary are acute.Ex. Another analytical study of note is the one for Columbia University Libraries.----* aumento notable = rising tide.* incremento notable = rising tide.* notable por = noted for.* * *Iadjetivo notableIIposee una notable inteligencia — she is remarkably o extremely intelligent
a) (Educ) grade between 7 and 8.5 on a scale from 1 to 10b) ( persona importante) dignitary* * *= notable, noticeable, salient, striking, worthy, noteworthy, outstandingly + Adjetivo, noted, marked, acute, of note.Ex: There are notable differences in practice between the United States and the United Kingdom.
Ex: The most noticeable effect the advent of Islam had on Arab names was not so much on structure as on choice.Ex: There must be instructions explaining salient features of the index.Ex: A very striking example of this is the fact that in all our rules there is the provision that anonymous publications should be entered under the author when known.Ex: Books were kept for historical records of deeds done by the inhabitants: their worthy acts as well as their sins.Ex: It essays simply to be a list of the more important, rare or otherwise noteworthy books available.Ex: It is tempting to quote the tremendous successes of outstandingly popular authors such as Harold Robbins, James Herriot, Catherine Cookson and a relatively small number of other household names (to book readers).Ex: Planning began about 9 months before the exhibition, with the recruitment of a noted Swiss book illustrator to design the stand.Ex: It hardly needs to be said that the microcomputer is now a fact of life, but its impact upon the world of information retrieval and libraries generally has been less marked than in many other areas.Ex: In some areas of study, notably the social sciences, the problems vocabulary are acute.Ex: Another analytical study of note is the one for Columbia University Libraries.* aumento notable = rising tide.* incremento notable = rising tide.* notable por = noted for.* * *notableuna actuación notable an outstanding o a notable performanceposee una notable inteligencia she is remarkably o extremely intelligentéste es uno de los rasgos más notables de su obra this is one of the most notable characteristics of his workuna notable mejoría a marked o notable improvementuno de los estudios más notables sobre Cervantes one of the most notable o noteworthy studies on Cervantes1 ( Educ) grade between 7 and 8.5 on a scale from 1 to 102 (persona importante) dignitary* * *
notable adjetivo ‹diferencia/mejoría› notable;
posee una notable inteligencia she is remarkably o extremely intelligent
■ sustantivo masculinoa) (Educ) grade between 7 and 8.5 on a scale from 1 to 10
notable
I adj (cualidad, mérito) outstanding, remarkable
(distancia, diferencia) noticeable
II m Educ the grade of B: he conseguido un notable en geografía, I got a B in Geography
' notable' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
acusada
- acusado
- deterioro
- sensible
- grande
- notorio
- relevante
English:
endurance
- notable
- noticeable
- remarkable
- credit
* * *♦ adjremarkable, outstanding;hay una notable diferencia entre las dos propuestas there's a significant o clear difference between the two proposals;es un violinista notable he's an outstanding violinist♦ nm1. [nota] = mark between 7 and 8.9 out of 10, ≈ (pass with) credit, ≈ B2. [persona] dignitary* * *I adj remarkable, notableII m1 EDU B2:notables pl dignitaries* * *notable adj1) : notable, noteworthy2) : outstanding* * *notable1 adj considerable / remarkablenotable2 n very good / B -
17 descomponer
v.1 to rot (pudrir) (fruit).la humedad descompone ciertos alimentos dampness makes some foods rot2 to break down.descomponer algo en to break something down into3 to mess up.4 to damage, to break.la cena le descompuso el vientre the dinner gave him an upset stomachcreo que comí algo que me descompuso (el cuerpo) I think I ate something that didn't agree with me5 to annoy.6 to put out of order, to impair, to rack up, to disarrange.Ricardo descompuso la máquina Richard put the machine out of order.7 to upset, to disturb, to unsettle.Su ataque descompuso a María His attack upset Mary.* * *1 (separar) to break down, split up2 (estropear) to break3 (desorganizar) to mess up, upset4 (desordenar) to mess up5 FÍSICA to resolve6 QUÍMICA to decompose7 MATEMÁTICAS to split up9 (pudrir) to rot1 (pudrirse) to decompose, rot2 (estropearse) to break down3 (enfermar) to feel ill4 (enfadarse) to lose one's temper, get angry5 FÍSICA to resolve6 QUÍMICA to decompose7 MATEMÁTICAS to split* * *verb1) to rot2) break•* * *( pp descompuesto)1. VT1) (=dividir) [+ palabra, frase] to break down, break up; [+ sustancia, molécula, número] to break down; [+ luz] to break up, split up2) (=pudrir) [+ alimento] to rot; [+ cadáver, cuerpo] to decompose3) * (=alterar)me descompone tanto desorden — all this mess really gets to me * o irritates me
las especias me descomponen el vientre — spicy food gives me diarrhoea o (EEUU) diarrhea
4) * (=romper) to break2.See:* * *1.verbo transitivo1) <alimento/cadáver> to rot, cause... to decompose o rot2) (esp AmL) <máquina/aparato> to break; < peinado> to mess up3) < persona>a) ( producir malestar) olor to make... queasyb) ( producir diarrea) to give... diarrhea*2.descomponerse v pron2) cadáver/alimento to rot, decompose (frml)3) cara (+ me/te/le etc)4) (esp AmL) máquina/aparato to break down5) personaa) ( sentir malestar)b) ( del estómago) to have an attack of diarrhea** * *= break down, break into + parts, break up, pull apart, disaggregate, dissect, parse, break out, break out into.Ex. The holdings are broken down into several volumes, shown as the next level of the pyramid.Ex. Subarrangement at entry terms can break up long sequences of entries listed under the same keyword.Ex. All these bits of raw material -- these 'chunks of reality' as McNair calls them -- are encapsulated in a carefully organized and well-rounded whole, which the reader must pull apart and put together again.Ex. Outcomes can be disaggregated along age, class, ethnic, racial, & gender dimensions.Ex. GMMA has developed a layered approach to visual indexing that dissects the objects, style and implication of each image, so that the indexing system can accommodate all potential approaches to the material.Ex. This is only possible if the incoming message has an identifiable structure that can be parsed and converted to resemble a protocol message.Ex. Turnaround managers want current financial and working capital analyses broken out by cost/profit centres.Ex. The categories in Figure 1 could easily be broken out into additional subdivisions = Las cagegorías de la Figura 1 se puede descomponer fácilmente en subdivisiones adicionales.----* descomponer en = break down into, break up into.* descomponerse = disintegrate, rot, decompose, putrefy.* descomponerse en = break into.* * *1.verbo transitivo1) <alimento/cadáver> to rot, cause... to decompose o rot2) (esp AmL) <máquina/aparato> to break; < peinado> to mess up3) < persona>a) ( producir malestar) olor to make... queasyb) ( producir diarrea) to give... diarrhea*2.descomponerse v pron2) cadáver/alimento to rot, decompose (frml)3) cara (+ me/te/le etc)4) (esp AmL) máquina/aparato to break down5) personaa) ( sentir malestar)b) ( del estómago) to have an attack of diarrhea** * *= break down, break into + parts, break up, pull apart, disaggregate, dissect, parse, break out, break out into.Ex: The holdings are broken down into several volumes, shown as the next level of the pyramid.
Ex: Break complex statements into parts if you'are not sure how to apply the restrictor.Ex: Subarrangement at entry terms can break up long sequences of entries listed under the same keyword.Ex: All these bits of raw material -- these 'chunks of reality' as McNair calls them -- are encapsulated in a carefully organized and well-rounded whole, which the reader must pull apart and put together again.Ex: Outcomes can be disaggregated along age, class, ethnic, racial, & gender dimensions.Ex: GMMA has developed a layered approach to visual indexing that dissects the objects, style and implication of each image, so that the indexing system can accommodate all potential approaches to the material.Ex: This is only possible if the incoming message has an identifiable structure that can be parsed and converted to resemble a protocol message.Ex: Turnaround managers want current financial and working capital analyses broken out by cost/profit centres.Ex: The categories in Figure 1 could easily be broken out into additional subdivisions = Las cagegorías de la Figura 1 se puede descomponer fácilmente en subdivisiones adicionales.* descomponer en = break down into, break up into.* descomponerse = disintegrate, rot, decompose, putrefy.* descomponerse en = break into.* * *descomponer [ E22 ]vtA (dividir, separar) ‹número› to factorize, break … down into factors; ‹luz› to split up, break up; ‹sustancia› to break down, separate … into compoundsB ‹alimento/cadáver› to rot, cause … to decompose o rotC ( esp AmL)1 ‹máquina/aparato› to break2 ‹peinado/juego› to mess upD ‹persona›1(producir malestar): ese olor penetrante me descompone that strong smell makes me feel queasy o nauseousla noticia del accidente la descompuso she felt quite ill when she heard about the accident2 (producir diarrea) to give … diarrhea*A «luz» to split; «sustancia» to break down, separate; «partícula/isótopo» to decayB «cadáver/alimento» to rot, decompose ( frml)C«cara» (+ me/te/le etc): se le descompuso la cara cuando se lo dije he looked really upset o his face dropped a mile when I told himD ( esp AmL) «máquina/aparato» to break downE «persona»1(sentir malestar): hacía tanto calor que se descompuso it was so hot that he started feeling sick o queasyse descompuso cuando supo la noticia he felt quite ill when he heard the news2 (del estómago) to have an attack of diarrhea*F (CS) «tiempo» to become unsettled, change for the worse; «día» to cloud overamaneció un día precioso, pero más tarde se descompuso it started out as a lovely day, but it clouded over later* * *
descomponer ( conjugate descomponer) verbo transitivo
1 ‹alimento/cadáver› to rot, cause … to decompose o rot
2 (esp AmL) ‹máquina/aparato› to break;
‹ peinado› to mess up
3 ‹ persona›
descomponerse verbo pronominal
1 [ luz] to split;
[ sustancia] to break down, separate
2 [cadáver/alimento] to rot, decompose (frml)
3 (esp AmL) [máquina/aparato] to break down
4 [ persona] ( sentir malestar) to feel sick;
( del estómago) to have an attack of diarrhea( conjugate diarrhea)
6 (CS) [ tiempo] to become unsettled;
[ día] to cloud over
descomponer verbo transitivo
1 (dividir) to break up, split
2 (pudrir) to rot, decompose
3 (poner nervioso) to get on sb's nerves
4 (el rostro) to distort
' descomponer' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
descompuse
- pudrir
English:
break
* * *♦ vt1. [pudrir] [fruta, comida, cuerpo] to rot;un organismo que descompone los cadáveres an organism that causes bodies to decompose o rot;la humedad descompone ciertos alimentos dampness makes some foods rot2. [dividir] [sustancia, molécula] to break down;[luz] to split up; [átomo] to split;descomponer algo en to break sth down into3. [desordenar] to mess up4. [estropear] [aparato, motor] to breakcreo que comí algo que me descompuso (el cuerpo) I think I ate something that didn't agree with me6. [turbar, alterar] to disturb, to upset;algo que dije pareció descomponerlo something I said seemed to upset him7. [enojar] to annoy;su pasividad me descompone his passivity annoys me* * *<part descompuesto> v/t1 ( dividir) break down2 L.Am. ( romper) break3 ( pudrir) cause to decompose4 plan upset* * *descomponer {60} vt1) : to rot, to decompose2) desbaratar: to break, to break down* * * -
18 point
point [pwɛ̃]━━━━━━━━━2. compounds━━━━━━━━━1. <a. pointb. ( = endroit) place ; (Astronomy, mathematics) pointc. ( = position) (Aviation, nautical) position• et maintenant, le point sur la grève des transports and now, the latest on the transport striked. ( = marque) (Mus, morse, sur i) dot ; ( = ponctuation) full stop (Brit), period (US) ; ( = petite tache) spot• tu n'iras pas, un point c'est tout you're not going and that's all there is to ite. (sur devoir) markf. [de couture, tricot] stitch• faire le point de la situation ( = examiner) to take stock of the situation ; ( = faire un compte rendu) to sum up the situation► à point [fruit] just ripe ; [fromage] just right for eating ; [viande] medium• le rôti est cuit à point the roast is done to a turn► à point (nommé) [arriver, venir] just at the right moment• est-il possible d'être bête à ce point ! how stupid can you get? (inf)• elles se ressemblent à tel point or à ce point qu'on pourrait les confondre they look so alike that you could easily mistake one for the other► au point [photo] in focus ; [affaire] completely settled ; [technique, machine] perfected• ce n'est pas encore au point it isn't quite up to scratch yet► au point de + infinitif so much that• il aimait le Québec au point d'y passer toutes ses vacances he loved Quebec so much that he spent all his holidays there• il se détestent au point qu'ils ne se parlent plus they hate each other so much that they've stopped speaking► au point où• en être arrivé au point où... to have reached the point where...• on continue ? -- au point où on en est ! shall we go on? -- we've got this far so we might as well!► au plus haut point [détester, admirer] intensely• se méfier au plus haut point de qch to be highly sceptical about sth► mettre au point [+ photo, caméra] to focus ; [+ stratégie, technique] to perfect ; [+ médicament, invention, système] to develop ; [+ projet] to finalize• mettre une affaire au point avec qn to finalize all the details of a matter with sb► mise au point [d'appareil photo, caméra] focusing ; [de stratégie, technique] perfecting ; [de médicament, invention, système] development ; [de moteur] tuning ; [d'affaire, projet] finalizing ; ( = explication, correction) clarification• publier une mise au point to issue a statement (setting the record straight)► en tout point, en tous points in every respect2. <• vous avez un point de chute à Rome ? do you have somewhere to stay in Rome? ► point commun• nous voilà revenus au point de départ so we're back to square one (inf) ► point de distribution [d'eau] supply point ; (Business) distribution outlet• mettre un point d'honneur à faire qch to make it a point of honour to do sth ► point d'interrogation question mark• au point mort [voiture] in neutral ; [de négociations, affaires] at a standstill ► point mousse garter stitch► points de retraite points based on social security contributions that count towards one's pension• quel est votre point de vue sur ce sujet ? what's your point of view on this matter?* * *pwɛ̃
1.
nom masculin1) ( endroit) point2) ( situation) point; Nautisme positionêtre sur le point de faire — to be just about to do, to be on the point of doing
j'en suis toujours au même point (qu'hier/qu'il y a un an) — I'm still exactly where I was (yesterday/last year)
au point où j'en suis, ça n'a pas d'importance! — I've reached the point where it doesn't matter any more!
faire le point — Nautisme to take bearings; fig to take stock of the situation
3) ( degré)‘j'en aurais pleuré’ - ‘ah bon, à ce point?’ — ‘I could have cried’ - ‘really? it was that bad?’
il est têtu à un point! — (colloq) he's so incredibly stubborn!
jusqu'à un certain point — up to a (certain) point, to a certain extent
4) ( question particulière) point; ( dans un ordre du jour) item, pointen tout point, en tous points — in every respect ou way
5) ( marque visible) dot6) Jeux, Sport pointmarquer/perdre des points — lit, fig to score/to lose points
7) ( pour évaluer) mark GB, point USavoir sept points d'avance/de retard — to be seven marks ahead/behind
obtenir or avoir 27 points sur 40 — to get 27 out of 40
être un mauvais point pour quelqu'un/quelque chose — to be a black mark against somebody/something
8) ( dans un système de calcul) pointle permis à points — system whereby driving offender gets penalty points
9) Mathématique point10) Linguistique ( en ponctuation) full stop GB, period USpoint à la ligne — ( dans une dictée) full stop, new paragraph
point final — ( dans une dictée) full stop
mettre un point final à quelque chose — fig to put a stop ou an end to something
je n'irai pas, point final! — (colloq) I'm not going, full stop GB ou period US!
tu vas te coucher un point c'est tout! — (colloq) you're going to bed and that's final!
11) Musique dot12) ( en typographie) point14) (en couture, tricot) stitch
2.
(dated) adverbe not
3.
à point locution adverbiale1) ( en temps voulu) just in time2) Culinaire
4.
au point locutionêtre au point — [système, machine] to be well designed; [spectacle] to be well put together
mettre au point — ( élaborer) to perfect [système]; to work out, to devise [accord, plan]; to develop [vaccin, appareil]; ( régler) to adjust
mise au point — ( de système) perfecting; ( de vaccin) development; ( réglage) adjusting; Photographie focus; fig ( déclaration) clarifying statement
faire la mise au point — Photographie to focus
faire une mise au point — fig to set the record straight ( sur about)
Phrasal Verbs:••* * *pwɛ̃1. nm1) (= marque, signe) dot2) [ponctuation] full stop Grande-Bretagne period USA3) (= moment) pointNous en sommes au même point. — We have reached the same point.
J'étais sur le point de te téléphoner. — I was just about to phone you.
4) (= degré)à ce point abîmé que... — so damaged that...
au point que; à tel point que — so much so that
5) (au score) point6) (= aspect) pointJe ne suis pas d'accord sur ce point. — I don't agree on this point.
7) (= endroit) spot, point, (en géométrie) point8) COUTURE, TRICOT stitchpoint mousse — garter stitch, plain
9) CUISINE"Comment voulez-vous votre steak?" — "À point." — "How would you like your steak?" — "Medium."
faire le point NAVIGATION — to take a bearing, figto take stock
faire le point sur — to review, to take stock of
mettre au point [mécanisme, procédé] — to develop, [appareil-photo] to focus
2. advlit (= pas) notpoint n'est besoin de... — there is no need to...
point de... — no...
3. vbSee:* * *A nm1 ( endroit) point; un point précis du globe/sur une carte a particular point on the earth/on a map; un point de ravitaillement/ralliement a staging/rallying point; un point de rencontre a meeting point; point de vente (sales) outlet; serrure 3 points 3 point lock;2 ( situation) point; Naut position; être sur le point de faire to be just about to do, to be on the point of doing; j'étais sur le point de leur dire/d'abandonner/de partir I was just about to tell them/to give up/to leave, I was on the point of telling them/giving up/leaving; j'en suis toujours au même point (qu'hier/qu'il y a un an) I'm still exactly where I was (yesterday/last year); au point où j'en suis, ça n'a pas d'importance! I've reached the point where it doesn't matter any more!; il en est au point où il allume une cigarette en se levant he's got GB ou gotten US to the stage ou point where he lights a cigarette as soon as he gets up; faire le point Naut to take bearings; fig to take stock of the situation; faire le point sur la situation économique/sur la recherche scientifique fig to take stock of the economic situation/of scientific research; faire le point sur la circulation (routière)/l'actualité to give an up-to-the-minute report on the traffic news/current situation;3 ( degré) il m'agace/m'inquiète au plus haut point he annoys me/worries me intensely; la circulation était à ce point bloquée que j'ai dû laisser ma voiture au bord de la route the traffic was so bad that I had to leave my car on the side of the road; je ne le pensais pas bête/coléreux à ce point I didn't think he was that stupid/quick-tempered; ‘j'en aurais pleuré’-‘ah bon, à ce point?’ ‘I could have cried’-‘really? it was that bad?’; je sais à quel point elle est triste/sensible I know how sad/sensitive she is; si tu savais à quel point il m'agace! if you only knew how much he annoys me!; au point que to the extent that; à tel point que to such an extent that…; douloureux/endommagé à (un) tel or au point que so painful/badly damaged that; la situation s'est aggravée au point qu'ils ont dû appeler la police the situation became so bad that the police had to be called in; le temps s'est rafraîchi au point qu'il a fallu remettre le chauffage the weather got so cold that the heating had to be put back on; il est têtu à un point! he's so incredibly stubborn!; jusqu'à un certain point up to a (certain) point, to a certain extent;4 ( question particulière) point; ( dans un ordre du jour) item, point; un programme en trois points a three-point plan; un point fondamental/de détail (d'un texte) a basic/minor point (in a text); sur ce point on this point; j'aimerais revenir sur ce dernier point I would like to come back to that last point; un point de désaccord/litige a point of disagreement/contention; reprendre un texte point par point to go over a text point by point; en tout point, en tous points in every respect ou way; une politique en tous points désastreuse a policy that is disastrous in every respect; les deux modèles sont semblables en tous points the two models are alike in every respect;5 ( marque visible) gén dot; les villes sont marquées par un point towns are marked by a dot; il y a un point sur le i et le j there's a dot on the i and the j; un point lumineux/rouge dans le lointain a light/a red dot in the distance; bientôt, le navire ne fut qu'un point à l'horizon soon, the ship was a mere dot ou speck on the horizon; un point de colle a spot of glue; un point de rouille a speck of rust; points de graissage lubricating points; ⇒ i;6 Jeux, Sport point; marquer/perdre des points lit, fig to score/lose points; compter les points to keep (the) score; un point partout! one all!; battre son adversaire aux points to beat one's opponent on points; remporter une victoire aux points to win on points;7 ( pour évaluer) mark GB, point US; avoir sept points d'avance to be seven marks ahead; avoir dix points de retard to be ten marks behind; il m'a manqué trois points pour réussir I failed by three marks; enlever un point par faute to take a mark off for each mistake; obtenir or avoir 27 points sur 40 to get 27 out of 40; être un bon point pour to be a plus point for; être un mauvais point pour qn/qch to be a black mark against sb/sth;8 ( dans un système de calcul) point; la livre a perdu trois points the pound lost three points; le taux de chômage a augmenté de 0,8 points the unemployment rate rose by 0.8 points; le permis à points system whereby driving offender gets penalty points; il a perdu sept points dans les sondages he's gone down seven points in the polls;9 Math point; point d'intersection/d'inflexion point of intersection/of inflection;10 Ling ( en ponctuation) full stop GB, period US; mettre un point to put a full stop; point à la ligne ( dans une dictée) full stop, new paragraph; point final ( dans une dictée) full stop; mettre un point final à qch fig to put a stop ou an end to sth; je n'irai pas, point final○! I'm not going, full stop GB ou period US!; tu vas te coucher un point c'est tout○! you're going to bed and that's final!;11 Mus dot;12 Imprim point;13 Méd ( douleur) pain; avoir un point à la poitrine/à l'aine to have a pain in the chest/in the groin;14 (en couture, tricot) stitch; faire un point à qch to put a few stitches in sth; dentelle au point de Venise Venetian lace.B †adv not; tu ne tueras point Bible thou shalt not kill; je n'en ai point I don't have any; ‘tu es fâché?’-‘non point!’ ‘are you angry?’-‘not at all’.C à point loc adv venir/arriver à point to come/arrive just in time; venir/arriver or tomber à point nommé to come/arrive just at the right moment; faire cuire à point to cook [sth] medium rare [viande]; bifteck (cuit) à point medium rare steak; le camembert est à point the camembert is ready to eat.D au point loc adv, loc adj être au point [système, méthode, machine] to be well designed; [spectacle, émission] to be well put together; leur système/machine/spectacle n'est pas encore très au point their system/machine/show still needs some working on; le nouveau modèle est très au point the new model is very well designed; le spectacle n'était pas du tout au point the show wasn't up to scratch; le prototype n'est pas encore au point the prototype isn't quite ready yet; ça fait des semaines qu'ils répètent mais leur numéro n'est pas encore au point they've been rehearsing for weeks but they still haven't got GB ou gotten US it quite right; je ne suis pas au point pour les examens I'm not ready for the exams; mettre [qch] au point ( inventer) to perfect [théorie, système, méthode, technique]; to work out, to devise [accord, plan de paix, stratégie]; to develop [vaccin, médicament, appareil]; ( régler) to adjust [machine, mécanisme]; il leur reste deux semaines pour finir de mettre leur spectacle au point they've got two more weeks to put the finishing touches to their show; mettre au point sur qch Phot to focus on sth; mise au point Phot focus; fig ( déclaration) clarifying statement; la mise au point est automatique sur mon appareil my camera has automatic focus; faire la mise au point Phot to focus (sur on); faire une mise au point fig to set the record straight (sur about); mise au point ( invention) (de théorie, système, méthode, technique) perfecting; (de médicament, vaccin) development; ( réglage) (de machine, mécanisme) adjusting; Phot focus.point d'acupuncture Méd acupuncture point; point d'ancrage Aut anchor; fig base; point d'appui Mil base of operations; Phys fulcrum; gén support; les piliers servent de point d'appui à la charpente the roof structure is supported by the pillars; trouver un point d'appui à une échelle to find a support for a ladder; point arrière Cout back stitch; point d'attache base; point de bâti Cout tacking stitch; point blanc whitehead; point de blé ( en tricot) double moss stitch; point de boutonnière Cout buttonhole stitch; point cardinal Phys, Géog compass ou cardinal point; point de chaînette ( en broderie) chain stitch; point de chausson ( en broderie) herringbone stitch; point chaud trouble ou hot spot; les points chauds du globe the world's trouble spots; point de chute fig port of call; point commun mutual interest; nous avons beaucoup de points communs we have a lot in common; ils n'ont aucun point commun they have nothing in common; point de congestion† Méd slight congestion of the lung; point de côtes ( en tricot) rib; point de côté ( douleur) stitch; ( en couture) slip stitch; avoir un point de côté to have a stitch in one's side; point de croix ( en broderie) cross stitch; point de départ lit, fig starting point; nous revoilà à notre point de départ fig we're back to square one; point de devant Cout running stitch; point d'eau ( naturel) watering place; ( robinet) water tap GB ou faucet US; point d'ébullition boiling point; point d'épine ( en broderie) featherstitch; point d'exclamation Ling exclamation mark; point faible weak point; point de feston ( en broderie) blanket stitch; point fort strong point; point de fuite Art, Archit vanishing point; point de fusion melting point; point G G-spot; point d'interrogation Ling question mark; point de jersey ( en tricot) stocking stitch; point du jour daybreak; au point du jour at daybreak; point de liquéfaction liquefaction point; point de mire Mil target; fig focal point; point mousse ( en tricot) garter stitch; point mort Aut neutral; se mettre or passer/être au point mort Aut to put the car into/to be in neutral; être au point mort fig [affaires, consommation] to be at a standstill; [négociations] to be in a state of deadlock; point noir ( comédon) blackhead; ( problème) problem; ( sur la route) blackspot; l'inflation reste le seul point noir inflation is the only problem; point de non-retour point of no return; point d'orgue Mus pause sign; fig culmination; point d'ourlet Cout hemstitch; point de penalty penalty spot; point de piqûre Cout back stitch; point de presse Journ press briefing; point de repère ( spatial) landmark; (temporel, personnel) point of reference; point de reprise Cout darning stitch; point de retraite Prot Soc point which counts towards a retirement pension scheme; point de riz ( en tricot) moss stitch; point de surfil Cout whipstitch; point de suture Méd stitch; point de tige ( en broderie) stem stitch; point de torsade ( en tricot) cable stitch; point de vue ( paysage) viewpoint; ( opinion) point of view; du point de vue de la direction from the management's point of view; du point de vue de l'efficacité/du sens as far as efficiency/meaning is concerned; d'un point de vue économique c'est rentable/intéressant from a financial point of view it's profitable/attractive; points de suspension suspension points.être mal en point to be in a bad way.I[pwɛ̃] adverbe1. [en corrélation avec 'ne']2. [employé seul]du vin il y en avait, mais de champagne point there was wine, but no champagne ou not a drop of champagneil eut beau chercher, point de John he searched in vain, John was nowhere to be foundpoint de démocratie sans liberté de critiquer (there can be) no democracy without the freedom to criticize3. [en réponse négative]point du tout! not at all!, not in the least!II[pwɛ̃] nom masculinpoint lumineux spot ou point of lightpoint de rouille speck ou spot of rustun point de soudure a spot ou blob of solder3. [symbole graphique - en fin de phrase] full stop (UK), period (US) ; [ - sur un i ou un j] dot ; [ - en morse, en musique] dotj'ai dit non, point final ou un point c'est tout! (figuré) I said no and that's that ou that's final ou there's an end to it!mettre un point final à une discussion to terminate a discussion, to bring a discussion to an endpoint estimé/observé estimated/observed positiona. NAUTIQUE to take a bearing, to plot one's positionà 40 ans, on s'arrête et on fait le point when you reach 40, you stand back and take stock of your lifeet maintenant, le point sur la circulation and now, the latest traffic newspoint d'intersection/de tangence intersection/tangential pointen plusieurs points de la planète in different places ou spots on the planet9. [degré] point10. [élément - d'un texte, d'une théorie] point ; [ - d'un raisonnement] point, item ; [ - d'une description] feature, traitvoici un point d'histoire que je souhaiterais éclaircir I'd like to make clear what happened at that particular point in historypoint d'entente/de désaccord point of agreement/of disagreement11. [unité de valeur - dans un sondage, à la Bourse] point ; [ - de retraite] unit ; [ - du salaire de base] (grading) pointsa cote de popularité a gagné/perdu trois points his popularity rating has gone up/down by three pointsbattu aux points [en boxe] beaten on pointsfaire le point [le gagner] to win the pointb. [appréciation] mark (for good behaviour)12. COUTUREfaire un point à to put a stitch ou a few stitches inpoint de couture/crochet/tricot sewing/crochet/knitting stitch13. INFORMATIQUE [unité graphique] dot[emplacement]point d'accès/de retour entry/reentry point————————à ce point, à un tel point locution adverbialeton travail est dur à ce point? is your job so (very) ou that hard?j'en ai tellement assez que je vais démissionner — à ce point? I'm so fed up that I'm going to resign — that bad, is it?————————à ce point que, à (un) tel point que locution conjonctiveso much so that, to such a point thatles choses en étaient arrivées à un tel point que... things had reached such a pitch that...elle est déprimée, à ce point qu'elle ne veut plus voir personne she's so depressed that she won't see anyone anymore————————à point locution adjectivale[steak] medium[rôti] done to a turn[poire] just ou nicely ripeton bonhomme est à point, tu n'as plus qu'à enregistrer ses aveux (familier & figuré) your man's nice and ready now, all you've got to do is get the confession down on tape————————à point locution adverbiale1. CUISINE2. [au bon moment]a. [personne] to come (just) at the right timeb. [arrivée, décision] to be very timely————————à point nommé locution adverbialearriver à point nommé to arrive (just) at the right moment ou when needed, to arrive in the nick of timeau plus haut point locution adverbialeje le déteste au plus haut point I can't tell you how much I hate him, I absolutely loathe him————————au point locution adjectivale[moteur] tuned[machine] in perfect running order[technique] perfected[discours, plaidoyer] finalized[spectacle, artiste] readyton revers n'est pas encore au point your backhand isn't good enough ou up to scratch yetle son/l'image n'est pas au point the sound/the image isn't right————————au point locution adverbialea. [texte à imprimer] to editb. [discours, projet, rapport] to finalize, to put the finishing touches toc. [spectacle] to perfectd. [moteur] to tunee. [appareil photo] to (bring into) focusmettre les choses au point to put ou set the record straightmettons les choses au point: je refuse de travailler le dimanche let's get this ou things straight: I refuse to work Sundaysaprès cette discussion, j'ai tenu à mettre les choses au point following that discussion, I insisted on putting ou setting the record straight————————au point de locution prépositionnelle————————au point du jour locution adverbiale(littéraire) at dawn ou daybreakau point où locution conjonctivenous sommes arrivés au point où... we've reached the point ou stage where...au point où j'en suis, autant que je continue having got this far, I might as well carry onau point où en sont les choses as things stand, the way things are (now)————————au point que locution conjonctiveso much that, so... thatil était très effrayé, au point qu'il a essayé de se sauver he was so frightened that he tried to run awaypoint par point locution adverbialesur le point de locution prépositionnelleêtre sur le point de faire quelque chose to be about to do ou on the point of doing ou on the verge of doing somethingj'étais sur le point de partir I was about to ou going to leavesur le point de pleurer on the verge of tears ou of crying————————point d'ancrage nom masculin————————point d'appui nom masculin1. [d'un levier] fulcrumpoint de chute nom masculin2. (figuré)————————point culminant nom masculinquel est le point culminant des Alpes? what is the highest point ou peak in the Alps?point de départ nom masculin————————point faible nom masculinson point faible, c'est sa susceptibilité his touchiness is his weak spot ou point————————point fort nom masculin[d'une personne, d'une entreprise] strong point[d'un joueur de tennis] best shotles maths n'ont jamais été mon point fort I was never any good at maths, maths was never my strong point————————point mort nom masculin————————point noir nom masculina. [encombré] a heavily congested areab. [dangereux] an accident blackspot————————point sensible nom masculin1. [endroit douloureux] tender ou sore spot2. MILITAIRE key ou strategic target3. (figuré)a. [chez quelqu'un] to touch on a sore spotb. [dans un problème] to touch on a sensitive area -
19 examinar
v.1 to examine.El científico examinó la evidencia The scientist examined the evidence.El médico examinó al paciente The doctor examined the patient.Ricardo examinó el libro Richard examined=perused the book.2 to interrogate.La policía examinó al testigo The police interrogated the witness.* * *1 (gen) to examine2 (investigar) to consider, inspect, go over1 to take an examination, sit an examination* * *verb1) to examine2) inspect•* * *1. VT1) [+ alumno] to examine2) [+ producto] to test3) [+ problema] to examine, study4) [+ paciente] to examine2.See:* * *1.verbo transitivo1) <alumno/candidato> to examine2) (mirar detenidamente, estudiar) < objeto> to examine, inspect; <documento/proyecto/propuesta> to examine, study; <situación/caso> to study, consider; < enfermo> to examine2.examinarse v pron (Esp) to take an examme examiné de latín — I had o took my Latin exam
* * *= analyse [analyze, -USA], assess, discuss, examine, go over, look at, look into, overhaul, study, survey, probe into, offer + an account of, go through, vet, test, look over, check out, check up on, keep + tabs on, review, question, peruse, screen, probe.Ex. With a clear objective, the next step is to analyse the concepts that are present in a search.Ex. Without such guidelines each document would need to be assessed individually, and inconsistencies would be inevitable.Ex. This review also illustrates some of the issues which cataloguers have discussed over the years, and demonstrates other solutions to standards in cataloguing than those embodied in modern cataloguing codes.Ex. The article 'Home schoolers: a forgotten clientele?' examines ways in which the library can support parents and children in the home schooling situation.Ex. The person assigned as coach goes over the work of the new abstractor, makes editorial changes, and discusses these changes with the new man.Ex. This article looks at three interrelated issues regarding on-line services based on the recent literature.Ex. The main concern is to look into current use of, and interest in, electronic information services, and also to gauge opinion on setting up a data base concerned solely with development issues.Ex. It is difficult to overhaul the basic structure of an enumerative scheme without complete revision of sections of the scheme.Ex. Each of the binders is portable and can be separately studied.Ex. Chapters 7 and 8 introduced the problems associated with author cataloguing and have surveyed the purpose of cataloguing codes.Ex. If one probes more deeply into the question of truth and falsehood, one gets into difficult philosophical issues, which we prefer to leave to others.Ex. This article offers an account of the processes shaping the professionalisation of college and research librarianship within the framework of 4 contemporary sociological theories.Ex. I believe Mr. Freedman hired about 11 student assistants to go through this intentionally dirty file and clean it up.Ex. All three types of material, when first received by DG XIII, are submitted to the Technological Information and Patents Division of DG XIII in order to vet items for possible patentable inventions.Ex. Inmate library workers often test a new librarian, but once he or she has passed the test, they usually become very protective and staunch promoters of the library.Ex. It would be of enormous help to us if you could put a few things together for us to look over.Ex. Where problems do arise it is sensible to check out the training programme before blaming the assistant for poor performance of duties.Ex. The physical effort of keeping tabs on people as well as the distasteful practice of checking up on staff output achieves nothing and may do considerable damage.Ex. The physical effort of keeping tabs on people as well as the distasteful practice of checking up on staff output achieves nothing and may do considerable damage.Ex. There is only space to review briefly the special problems associated with the descriptive cataloguing of nonbook materials.Ex. If this appears to be excessively difficult, maybe it is time to question whether the tool is too complex.Ex. A summary differs from an abstract in that it assumes that the reader will have the opportunity to peruse the accompanying text.Ex. Employers should take a preventive role in protecting women's general health, for example, screening women workers for cervical cancer.Ex. The librarian sometimes must probe to discover the context of the question and to be able to discuss various possible approaches and explore their merits.----* al examinar Algo de cerca = on closer examination, on closer inspection.* examinar cómo = look at + ways in which.* examinar detenidamente = scrutinise [scrutinize, -USA], put + Nombre + under the spotlight, bring + Nombre + under the spotlight.* examinar el modo de = examine + way.* examinar el papel de Algo = investigate + role.* examinar la función de Algo = investigate + role.* examinar la posibilidad de (que) = examine + the possibility that/of.* examinar los conocimientos = test + knowledge.* examinar más detenidamente = look + closer, take + a closer look at, take + a close look.* examinar más minuciosamente = examine + in greater detail.* examinar minuciosamente = pull apart.* examinar + Posesivo + conciencia = search + Posesivo + conscience.* examinar rápidamente = scan.* examinar un tema = explore + theme.* sin examinar = unexamined.* * *1.verbo transitivo1) <alumno/candidato> to examine2) (mirar detenidamente, estudiar) < objeto> to examine, inspect; <documento/proyecto/propuesta> to examine, study; <situación/caso> to study, consider; < enfermo> to examine2.examinarse v pron (Esp) to take an examme examiné de latín — I had o took my Latin exam
* * *= analyse [analyze, -USA], assess, discuss, examine, go over, look at, look into, overhaul, study, survey, probe into, offer + an account of, go through, vet, test, look over, check out, check up on, keep + tabs on, review, question, peruse, screen, probe.Ex: With a clear objective, the next step is to analyse the concepts that are present in a search.
Ex: Without such guidelines each document would need to be assessed individually, and inconsistencies would be inevitable.Ex: This review also illustrates some of the issues which cataloguers have discussed over the years, and demonstrates other solutions to standards in cataloguing than those embodied in modern cataloguing codes.Ex: The article 'Home schoolers: a forgotten clientele?' examines ways in which the library can support parents and children in the home schooling situation.Ex: The person assigned as coach goes over the work of the new abstractor, makes editorial changes, and discusses these changes with the new man.Ex: This article looks at three interrelated issues regarding on-line services based on the recent literature.Ex: The main concern is to look into current use of, and interest in, electronic information services, and also to gauge opinion on setting up a data base concerned solely with development issues.Ex: It is difficult to overhaul the basic structure of an enumerative scheme without complete revision of sections of the scheme.Ex: Each of the binders is portable and can be separately studied.Ex: Chapters 7 and 8 introduced the problems associated with author cataloguing and have surveyed the purpose of cataloguing codes.Ex: If one probes more deeply into the question of truth and falsehood, one gets into difficult philosophical issues, which we prefer to leave to others.Ex: This article offers an account of the processes shaping the professionalisation of college and research librarianship within the framework of 4 contemporary sociological theories.Ex: I believe Mr. Freedman hired about 11 student assistants to go through this intentionally dirty file and clean it up.Ex: All three types of material, when first received by DG XIII, are submitted to the Technological Information and Patents Division of DG XIII in order to vet items for possible patentable inventions.Ex: Inmate library workers often test a new librarian, but once he or she has passed the test, they usually become very protective and staunch promoters of the library.Ex: It would be of enormous help to us if you could put a few things together for us to look over.Ex: Where problems do arise it is sensible to check out the training programme before blaming the assistant for poor performance of duties.Ex: The physical effort of keeping tabs on people as well as the distasteful practice of checking up on staff output achieves nothing and may do considerable damage.Ex: The physical effort of keeping tabs on people as well as the distasteful practice of checking up on staff output achieves nothing and may do considerable damage.Ex: There is only space to review briefly the special problems associated with the descriptive cataloguing of nonbook materials.Ex: If this appears to be excessively difficult, maybe it is time to question whether the tool is too complex.Ex: A summary differs from an abstract in that it assumes that the reader will have the opportunity to peruse the accompanying text.Ex: Employers should take a preventive role in protecting women's general health, for example, screening women workers for cervical cancer.Ex: The librarian sometimes must probe to discover the context of the question and to be able to discuss various possible approaches and explore their merits.* al examinar Algo de cerca = on closer examination, on closer inspection.* examinar cómo = look at + ways in which.* examinar detenidamente = scrutinise [scrutinize, -USA], put + Nombre + under the spotlight, bring + Nombre + under the spotlight.* examinar el modo de = examine + way.* examinar el papel de Algo = investigate + role.* examinar la función de Algo = investigate + role.* examinar la posibilidad de (que) = examine + the possibility that/of.* examinar los conocimientos = test + knowledge.* examinar más detenidamente = look + closer, take + a closer look at, take + a close look.* examinar más minuciosamente = examine + in greater detail.* examinar minuciosamente = pull apart.* examinar + Posesivo + conciencia = search + Posesivo + conscience.* examinar rápidamente = scan.* examinar un tema = explore + theme.* sin examinar = unexamined.* * *examinar [A1 ]vtA ‹alumno/candidato› to examineB (mirar detenidamente, estudiar)1 ‹objeto› to examine, inspect; ‹contrato/documento› to examine, study2 ‹situación/caso› to study, consider; ‹proyecto/propuesta› to study, examine3 ‹paciente/enfermo› to examineayer nos examinamos de latín we had o took o ( BrE) sat our Latin exam yesterday* * *
Multiple Entries:
examinar
examinar algo
examinar ( conjugate examinar) verbo transitivo
to examine;
‹situación/caso› to study, consider
examinarse verbo pronominal (Esp) to take an exam
examinar verbo transitivo to examine: quisiera examinar las pruebas detenidamente, I'd like to thoroughly examine the evidence
' examinar' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
mirar
- pensar
- tantear
- analizar
- escudriñar
- ver
English:
examine
- inspect
- look into
- look over
- paper
- reassess
- review
- scrutinize
- search
- see into
- study
- test
- trace
- view
- look
- peruse
- reexamine
- survey
- vet
* * *♦ vt1. [alumno] to examine2. [analizar] to examine;examinó detenidamente el arma he examined the weapon carefully;examinaremos su caso we shall examine her case;tienes que ir al médico a que te examine you must go and get the doctor to examine you* * *v/t examine* * *examinar vt1) : to examine2) inspeccionar: to inspect* * *examinar vb to examine -
20 gruñón
adj.grumpy, cranky, grouchy, gruff.m.grouch, grumbler, grump, snarler.* * *► adjetivo1 grumbling, grumpy► nombre masculino,nombre femenino1 grumbler, grouch* * *gruñón, -ona1.ADJ grumpy, grumbling2.SM / F grumbler* * *I- ñona adjetivo (fam) grumpy (colloq)II- ñona masculino, femenino (fam) grump (colloq), grouse (colloq)* * *= grumpy [grumpier -comp., grumpiest -sup.], cranky [crankier -comp., crankiest -sup.], curmudgeon, curmudgeonly, cantankerous, bad-tempered, crusty [crustier -comp., crustiest -sup.], irascible, crabby [crabbier -comp., crabbiest, -sup.], ornery, misery guts, grouch, sour puss, testy [testier -comp., testiest -sup.].Ex. That's despite grumpy comments like those of William Hartston who said it was 'surely one of the ugliest words ever to slither its way into our dictionaries'.Ex. For example, you already know that living in a windowless room will make you cranky and out of sorts.Ex. The most common problem suffered by curmudgeons turns out to be their circumscribed social life.Ex. Offended by the idea of an addict selling sneakers to kids, he launched into a curmudgeonly rant.Ex. To attain this order within the structure of chaos, Eros divided himself into two parts: Eros as amicable, social love and Eros as cantankerous, divisive discord.Ex. He was a brave novelist but also bad-tempered, churlish and subject to fits of rage.Ex. For this crusty author as well as for that young one having fun being famous is what matters = Tanto para este autor hosco como para aquel autor joven, ser famoso es lo que importa.Ex. He was a rag-and-bone man living with his irascible father in a junkyard with only their horse for company.Ex. The normally perky and intrepid Cristina is flat out crabby these days.Ex. My mama says that alligators are ornery because they got all them teeth and no toothbrush.Ex. At the other end of the scale are misery guts, who are neither happy with their job role nor their employer.Ex. We all have a grouch in our lives and if we wake up on the wrong side of the bed or take our daily mean pill, at the very nicest, we have been described as a ' grouch'.Ex. It is no fun being around you when you are being such a sour puss.Ex. We're assailed by doubts, mortified by our own shortcomings, surrounded by freaks, testy over silly details.----* vieja gruñona = grumpy old woman.* viejo gruñón = grumpy old man, grumpy old sod.* * *I- ñona adjetivo (fam) grumpy (colloq)II- ñona masculino, femenino (fam) grump (colloq), grouse (colloq)* * *= grumpy [grumpier -comp., grumpiest -sup.], cranky [crankier -comp., crankiest -sup.], curmudgeon, curmudgeonly, cantankerous, bad-tempered, crusty [crustier -comp., crustiest -sup.], irascible, crabby [crabbier -comp., crabbiest, -sup.], ornery, misery guts, grouch, sour puss, testy [testier -comp., testiest -sup.].Ex: That's despite grumpy comments like those of William Hartston who said it was 'surely one of the ugliest words ever to slither its way into our dictionaries'.
Ex: For example, you already know that living in a windowless room will make you cranky and out of sorts.Ex: The most common problem suffered by curmudgeons turns out to be their circumscribed social life.Ex: Offended by the idea of an addict selling sneakers to kids, he launched into a curmudgeonly rant.Ex: To attain this order within the structure of chaos, Eros divided himself into two parts: Eros as amicable, social love and Eros as cantankerous, divisive discord.Ex: He was a brave novelist but also bad-tempered, churlish and subject to fits of rage.Ex: For this crusty author as well as for that young one having fun being famous is what matters = Tanto para este autor hosco como para aquel autor joven, ser famoso es lo que importa.Ex: He was a rag-and-bone man living with his irascible father in a junkyard with only their horse for company.Ex: The normally perky and intrepid Cristina is flat out crabby these days.Ex: My mama says that alligators are ornery because they got all them teeth and no toothbrush.Ex: At the other end of the scale are misery guts, who are neither happy with their job role nor their employer.Ex: We all have a grouch in our lives and if we wake up on the wrong side of the bed or take our daily mean pill, at the very nicest, we have been described as a ' grouch'.Ex: It is no fun being around you when you are being such a sour puss.Ex: We're assailed by doubts, mortified by our own shortcomings, surrounded by freaks, testy over silly details.* vieja gruñona = grumpy old woman.* viejo gruñón = grumpy old man, grumpy old sod.* * *masculine, feminine* * *
gruñón
gruñón,-ona adjetivo grumpy
' gruñón' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
gruñona
English:
grouch
- grouchy
- grump
- grumpy
- nag
- nagging
* * *gruñón, -ona Fam♦ adjgrumpy♦ nm,fold grump* * *I adj famgrumpyII m, gruñona f famgrouch fam* * ** * *gruñón2 n moaner
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